Introduction to the Periodic Table and Metals and Nonmetals 2016.notebook January 09, 2018 Do Now Please examine how the periodic table is Unit 6: The Periodic Table arranged in your groups and find as many patterns as you can. Aim: How is the Periodic Table arranged and what patterns emerge? Nov 3­6:47 PM Dec 19­8:30 AM Periodic law: Elements are arranged by order of increasing atomic number in periods and they show repeating patterns in their groups with regards to their valence electrons and chemical behavior. Organization of the Table Groups 1­18: the vertical columns Periods 1­7: the horizontal rows Nov 4­3:08 PM Nov 4­3:08 PM 1 Introduction to the Periodic Table and Metals and Nonmetals 2016.notebook January 09, 2018 Groups Periods Elements in the same group have the same number of valence electrons and this gives them similar chemical properties. Elements in the same group have the same oxidation # which means they will form the same type of ion. (chemical property) Elements in the same period have the same number of occupied principle energy levels (also called electron shells). Period # = total number of PEL's e­ config Nov 4­2:31 PM Nov 5­8:51 AM History of the Table The Modern Periodic Table Mendeleev's table was close to the table we use today. Dmitri Mendeleev: Father of the Periodic table Mendeleev's Table Modern Table Mendeleev organized the periodic table by Arranged elements by Arranges elements by atomic listing elements in rows by increasing atomic atomic mass. number. mass. Ordered elements in groups by Elements are in groups by He also put them in groups by reactivity. reactivity. reactivity and number of valence electrons. The boron staircase is the dividing line for metals and nonmetals. Nov 4­11:13 AM Nov 4­11:10 AM 2 Introduction to the Periodic Table and Metals and Nonmetals 2016.notebook January 09, 2018 Metals are located to the left of the boron staircase. 75% Nonmetals are located to the right of the boron of elements are metals. staircase, except for hydrogen which is top left. HYDROGEN IS NOT A METAL It is only in group 1 because it has 1 valence electron. Nov 9­8:13 AM Nov 9­8:13 AM Metalloids are 6 elements located on the boron staircase Metalloid elements: ____________ The Periodic Table Aim: How do the properties of metals and nonmetals differ? Nov 9­8:13 AM Nov 3­6:47 PM 3 Introduction to the Periodic Table and Metals and Nonmetals 2016.notebook January 09, 2018 Properties of Metals All metals are solids except for mercury which is a liquid. Dec 7­1:17 PM Nov 9­8:17 AM Properties of Nonmetals The nonmetals exist as mostly gases, some solids and 1 liquid, bromine. Dec 7­1:26 PM Nov 9­8:20 AM 4 Introduction to the Periodic Table and Metals and Nonmetals 2016.notebook January 09, 2018 Properties of Metalloids (semi­metals) Ge Metalloids can behave as a metal or a nonmetal, depending upon what type of element they are reacting with. Dec 7­1:28 PM Nov 9­8:23 AM Man­Made Elements Uranium (atomic number 92) is the last naturally occurring element Nov 16­7:50 PM Nov 5­5:30 PM 5 Introduction to the Periodic Table and Metals and Nonmetals 2016.notebook January 09, 2018 Nov 5­4:28 PM Nov 5­4:27 PM Nov 5­4:29 PM Nov 5­4:22 PM 6 Attachments Experiment sodium.asf.