Cambridge University Press 978-1-107-00960-8 - Ancient Persia: A Concise History of the Achaemenid Empire, 550–330 BCE Matt Waters Index More information Index Abulites, 212 Anahita, 154 , 182–183 , 194 Abydos, 125 , 201 , 204 , 205 Anshan, 22 , 39 , 49 , 141 , 147 , Achaemenes, eponymous founder of 149 dynasty, 8 , 64 , 65 , 147 , 149 Antalcidas, 185–187 Achaemenes, son of Darius I, 116 , 159 See also King’s Peace Acina, 72 Apis bull, 56–57 , 66 , 196 Aeaces, 88 Arabia, Arabs, 7 , 43 , 54 , 105 , 209 Agesilaus, 184–185 , 192 , 205 Arachosia, Arachosians, 69 , 72 Agis, 207 Arakha, See Nebuchadnezzar IV Agradates, 171 , 241 Aramaeans, 7 , 23 , 26 Ahriman, 152 Arbarios, 168 , 170 Ahuramazda, 59 , 63 , 64 , 69 , 80 , 82 , Arbela, 9 , 39 , 111 , 211 117–119 , 137 , 144 , 145 , 150 , Areia, Areians, 7 152–154 , 172 , 182 , 183 , 194 , Argoste, 49 235 , 240 Ariaeus, 179 , 185 Akaufaka, 119 Ariaspes, 193 akinakes , 92 , 93 , 94 Ariobarzanes, commander of Darius Akoris, 190 III, 213 Alexander I, 83 , 130 Ariobarzanes, satrap of Hellspontine Alexander (III) the Great, 16 , 28 , 43 , 75 , Phrygia, 187 , 192 81 , 110 , 111 , 130 , 131 , 141 , 152 , Aristagoras, 85–86 195 , 196 , 198–218 , 232 , 241 , 242 Aristotle, 201 Cyrus the Great as model, 211–212 Armenia, Armenians, 72 , 111 , 139 , 168 , Persianization of, 216 , 218 198 , 235 Alyattes, 31 army, 102 , 108–111 , 112 Amasis, 54 , 56 , 57 Greek mercenaries, 15 , 100 , 111 , 176 , Ammon, 55 179 , 195 , 214 Amorges, 172 ha ∙ t ru -system, 170 Amyntas, 83 Immortals, 110 , 127 Amyrtaeus, 190 Arpates, 193 Amytis, daughter of Astyages, 28 Arrapha, 38 Amytis, daughter of Xerxes, 160 Arsames. See also Arshama 245 © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-1-107-00960-8 - Ancient Persia: A Concise History of the Achaemenid Empire, 550–330 BCE Matt Waters Index More information 246 Index Arsames, grandfather of Darius I, 65 , Ashurbanipal, 24–25 , 30 , 33 , 35–37 194 , 239 Ashur-etil-ilani, 37 Arsames, son of Artaxerxes II, 193 Ashur-uballit II, 38 Arsames, son of Darius I, 189 Aspathines, 67 , 145 , 235 Arsanes, 198 Assyria, Assyrians, 11 , 15 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , Arses, son of Artaxerxes III, 197 24 , 25–28 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 , 37–38 , Arses, son of Darius II, 177 , 39 , 72 See also Artaxerxes II Astyages, 28 , 31 , 38–39 , 48 , 49 , 136 , 138 , Arshama, satrap of Egypt, 101 , 168 , 189 , 154 , 232 See also Arsames Athamaita, 72 , 75 Arshu. See Artaxerxes IV Athens, Athenians, 14 , 17 , 76 , 82 , 83 , Arsites, 172 , 181 , 204 84 , 85 , 86 , 88–89 , 91 , 120 , 121 , Artabanus, 120 , 129 , 157 , 158 , 160 , 238 124 , 128–132 , 136 , 160 , 164 , 165 , Artabazus, commander of Darius III, 214 166 , 167 , 172–175 , 184–185 , 187 , Artabazus, satrap of Hellespontine 199 , 200 Phrygia, 101 , 106 , 131 Atossa, daughter of Artaxerxes II, 193 Artadates, 49 Atossa, daughter of Cyrus, 77 , 94 , Artahsharu. See Artoxares 115 , 117 Artanes, 78 Atradates, 241 Artaphernes, messenger of Artaxerxes Attalus, 201 I, 173 Autophradates, commander of Darius Artaphernes, satrap of Sardis, 84 , 85 , 86 , III, 206 87 , 88 , 103 , 123 Autophradates, satrap of Lydia, 192 Artashata. See Darius III Avesta, 152 Artaxerxes I, 158 , 159–161 , 166 , 167 , 169 , 172 , 182 , 190 Babylon, 6 , 9 , 13 , 26 , 29 , 37 , 41 , 43–47 , Artaxerxes II, 15 , 29 , 108 , 125 , 161 , 50 , 52 , 64 , 113 , 116 , 120 , 134 , 165 , 169 , 176–185 , 188–194 , 198 , 136–137 , 149 , 161 , 169 , 180 , 183 , 241 , 242 198 , 211–212 , 240 Artaxerxes III, 184 , 189 , 191 , 192 , Babylonia, Babylonians, 7 , 11 , 13 , 22 , 23 , 193–200 , 208 , 210 24 , 26–28 , 30 , 31 , 34 , 36 , 37 , 41 , Artaxerxes IV, 197–200 43 , 44 , 46 , 50 , 63 , 64 , 69 , 72 , 105 , Artembares, 48 116 , 119 , 148 , 161 , 168–170 , 176 , Artemis, Temple of, at Ephesus, 31 180 , 189 , 195 , 212 Artemisia, 128 Bacchylides, 42 Artemisium, 127 Bactria, Bactrians, 12 , 19 , 39 , 41 , 43 , 53 , battle of, 127 , 132 69 , 79 , 103 , 105 , 112 , 137 , 158 , Artobazanes, 115 183 , 214 , 215 Artoxares, 168 , 170 Bactria-Margiana Archaeological Artozostre, 88 Complex, 20 Artyphios, 172 Bagapates, 95 Artystone, 77 , 94 , 189 Bagoas, 197–198 Arukku, 35–36 , 233 Barca, 79 Arxanes. See Arshama, satrap of Egypt Bardiya, 43 , 58 , 63 , 65–68 , 74 , 75 , 78 , Aryandes, 78 160 , See also Smerdis, Gaumata Aryenis, 31 Batis, 209 , 210 © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-1-107-00960-8 - Ancient Persia: A Concise History of the Achaemenid Empire, 550–330 BCE Matt Waters Index More information Index 247 Belesys. See Belshunu Cybele, 86 , 200 Belshazzar, 43 Cyme, 41 Bel-shimanni, 116 Cyprus, 26 , 54 , 86 , 132 , 159 , 160 , 164 , Belshunu, 169 186 , 187 , 188 , 194 , 195 Berossos, 28 , 29 Cyrus, king of Parsumash, 35 , 37 , Bessus, 214–215 See also Cyrus I Beyond-the-River, 162 , 169 , 210 Cyrus I, 36–37 , 50 Boges, 133 Cyrus (II) the Great, 7 , 8 , 13 , 14 , 17 , 18 , Bosporus 25 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 35–54 , 63 , 64 , crossing of, 81 6 5 , 6 6 , 6 7 , 6 9 , 7 4 , 7 6 , 7 7 , 7 8 , 8 7 , Bubares, 83 94 , 95 , 101 , 108 , 115 , 117 , 123 , Byblos, 208 125 , 127 , 134 , 136 , 137 , 138 , 140 , 141 , 147–150 , 151 , 152 , 154 , 161 , Cadusians, 176 , 191 , 198 , 214 162 , 169 , 171 , 175 , 177 , 189 , 194 , Cambyses I, 50 212 , 214 , 217 , 232 , 233 , 234 , 241 Cambyses II, 17 , 42 , 48 , 52–58 , 63–69 , Cyrus Cylinder, 35 , 50 , 137 75 , 77 , 78 , 80 , 95 , 101 , 125 , 127 , tomb of, 138 138 , 148 , 155 , 159 , 171 , 195 , 234 Cyrus the Younger, 15 , 175 , 176 , Candaules, 30 177–181 , 184 , 185 , 188 Cappadocia, Cappadocians, 40 , 111 , 126 , 179 Dadarshi, general of Darius I, 235 Caria, Carians, 101 , 133 Dadarshi, satrap of Bactria, 69 , 235 Carmania, 45 , 53 Dahae, 119 Carthage, Carthaginians, 55 dahyu, dahy a¯ va , 96–98 , 119 , 237 Carystus, 89 daiva , daiv a¯ , 118–119 Caunus, 174 Damascus, 9 , 112 , 162 , 183 , 207 Celaenae, 206 , 238 Damaspia, 168 , 172 Chaeronia, battle of, 199 Danube River, 5 , 80 , 81 , 82 Chaldeans, 23 , 26 daric, 100 Chios, 41 Darius I, 5 , 7–8 , 12 , 17 , 36 , 43 , 46 , 49 , Cicantakhma, 72 57–88 , 90 , 93 , 94 , 98 , 99 , 100 , 101 , Cilicia, 31 , 88 , 111 , 113 , 159 , 179 , 207 102 , 105 , 106 , 113 , 114–117 , 118 , Cilician Gates, 207 119 , 120 , 121 , 123 , 126 , 134 , 137 , Cimmerians, 30 , 33 138 , 141 , 143 , 145 , 146 , 147–151 , Cimon, 164 153 , 155 , 161 , 171 , 172 , 181 , 182 , Cissians, 127 189 , 194 , 198 , 199 , 204 , 216 , 217 , Clazomenae, 187 235 , 239 , 240 , 241 Cnidus, 185 Bisitun inscription, 59–65 , 67 , 69 , 98 , Codomannus. See Darius III 118 , 146 , 147 , 155 Co ë s, 83 statue of, 79–80 coinage, 100 tomb of, 5 , 68 , 96 , 194 Conon, 185 Darius II, 136 , 168–177 , 180 , 181 , 189 Cosmartidene, 172 Darius III, 198 , 200 , 205–217 Croesus, 18 , 31 , 40–42 , 52 Darius, son of Artaxerxes II, 193 Cunaxa, battle of, 179 Darius, son of Xerxes, 158 Cyaxeres, 28 , 31 , 33–34 , 38 , 75 Dascylium, 103 , 163 , 164 , 174 © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-1-107-00960-8 - Ancient Persia: A Concise History of the Achaemenid Empire, 550–330 BCE Matt Waters Index More information 248 Index Datis, 88 , 236 Frada, 69 , 72 Datiya. See Datis Fravartish, 64 , 72 Dayukku, 34 Deioces, 32–34 gardens. See royal paradise Delian League, 132–133 , 164 , 167 Gathas. See Avesta Delos, 89 , 132 Gaugamela, battle of, 210 , 211 , 212 Delphi, 31 , 40 , 128 Gaumata, 58 , 63 , 64 , 67–68 , 72 , 73–76 Demaratus, 115 , 120 , 128 See also Bardiya, Smerdis Derbicae, 53 Gaza, 209 Didyma, 87 Gergis. See Kheriga Dilbat, 169 Gobares, 213 Doriscus, 126 , 133 Gobryas, 67 , 68 , 69 , 78 , 87 , 115 , 145 drauga , 63 , 150 , 153 , 234 , 238 Gordion, 29 , 206 Granicus, battle of, 204–205 , 206 earth and water, as tokens to the King, Great Satraps’ Revolt, 191 83 , 84 , 88 , 122 , 123–125 , 129 , Greek mercenaries. See army 166 , 199 Gugu. See Gyges Ecbatana, 6 , 9 , 31 , 32 , 39 , 42 , 46 , 48 , 59 , Gygaea, 83 65 , 82 , 134 , 136 , 181 , 182 , 183 , Gyges, 30–31 211 , 214 Egypt, Egyptians, 7 , 11 , 12 , 26 , 28 , 41 , 52 , Halicarnassus, 14 , 85 , 206 5 4 , 5 5 , 5 6 , 5 7 , 5 8 , 6 2 , 6 3 , 6 5 , 6 8 , 7 2 , Hamadan, 9 , 31 , 59 , 134 , 136 , 172 , 182 , 78 , 79 , 80 , 105 , 112 , 115 , 116 , 119 , 239 , See also Ecbatana 120 , 125 , 126 , 138 , 155 , 159–160 , Harpagus, 41 , 48 , 53 , 123 , 232 162 , 166 , 169 , 176 , 179 , 184 , 188– Harran, 38 , 44 191 , 192 , 194–196 , 209 , 210 , 234 ha ∙ t ru -system. See army Elam, Elamites, 8 , 11 , 19 , 21–24 , 28 , 30 , Hellenic League, 128 35 , 36 , 38 , 64 , 69 , 72 , 75 , 105 , 111 , Hellespont 127 , 140 , 145 , 183 , 212 , 232 , 233 crossing of, 81 , 113 , 125 Elamite-Iranian acculturation, 21 , 51 Hellespontine Phrygia, 106 , 163 , 164 , Ephesus, 31 , 173 173 , 184 , 187 , 190 , 201 , 204 Eretria, Eretrians, 85 , 88 , 89 Hermotimus, 95 Esarhaddon, 25 , 33 , 238 Hidush, 78 , 82 Esther, 95 , 236 Hippias, 83 , 89 Ethiopia, Ethiopians, 7 , 55 , 65 , 99 , 109 , Histiaeus, 83 , 85 , 86 127 , 196 Hydarnes, supporter of Darius I, 67 , Euesperides, 79 69 , 174 eunuchs, 95–96 , 168 , 198 Hydarnes, supporter of Darius II, 174 , Euphrates River, 6 , 112 , 113 , 162 , 169 , 180 , 181 , 241 179 , 207 , 210 Hyrcania, Hyrcanians, 7 , 39 , 43 , 72 , 168 Eurymedon, 133 Hystaspes, father of Darius I, 43 , 65 , 67 , Evagoras, 186 , 188 69 , 106 , 155 , 181 , 194 Ezra, 46 , 161–162 Hystaspes, son of Xerxes, 158 Fars, 6 , 9 , 20–23 , 25 , 39 , 69 , 99 , 108 , Inaros, 159–160 112 , 134