Comprehensive Core Competency Inservice January 2020 This guide may not be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form, in whole or in part, or by any means, electronic, mechanical, recorded, or otherwise, without the prior written consent of HealthcareSource HR, Inc. The information in this guide is subject to change without notice. HealthcareSource HR, Inc. assumes no responsibility or liability for any errors, omissions, assumptions, or any conclusions drawn from this guide. All other third-party trademarks mentioned in this publication are the property of their respective owner. HealthcareSource © 2020 Tammy McGarity, DNP, MSN, RN, NEA-BC Table of Contents Abuse, Neglect and Exploitation (Child, Domestic, Elder) and Human Trafficking ...................................................... 3 Age Specific ....................................................................................................................................................... 11 Care Planning ..................................................................................................................................................... 19 Cultural Competence .......................................................................................................................................... 27 Dementia Care and Communication .................................................................................................................... 37 EMTALA (Emergency Medical Treatment and Active Labor Act) ............................................................................. 45 End of Life Care .................................................................................................................................................. 48 Ethics ................................................................................................................................................................ 51 Fall Prevention ................................................................................................................................................... 56 HIPAA (Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act) ................................................................................. 60 Infection Control ................................................................................................................................................ 64 Latex Allergy ...................................................................................................................................................... 70 Long Term Care .................................................................................................................................................. 75 Medication Safety Non-Nursing........................................................................................................................... 89 OSHA Healthcare Safety ..................................................................................................................................... 95 Pain Management ............................................................................................................................................ 110 Patient Safety .................................................................................................................................................. 114 Patient’s Rights ................................................................................................................................................ 118 Quality Improvement ....................................................................................................................................... 121 Restraints ........................................................................................................................................................ 125 Risk Management & Legal Issues in Healthcare .................................................................................................. 130 Safe Patient Handling ....................................................................................................................................... 136 Patient Transfers and Back Safety ..................................................................................................................... 136 Scalding and Burn Prevention ........................................................................................................................... 152 Sexual Harassment ........................................................................................................................................... 157 Substance Abuse Recognition ........................................................................................................................... 159 Workplace Violence (Active Shooter, Bleeding Control and Bioterrorism) ............................................................ 162 2 Abuse, Neglect and Exploitation (Child, Domestic, Elder) and Human Trafficking Anyone, regardless of age or sex can be a victim of abuse, neglect, and/or assault, but people most vulnerable are the elderly, mentally impaired, children, and women. Abuse is defined as treating (a person or an animal) with cruelty or violence. Neglect is defined as the state or act of being uncared for or failing to provide care for properly. Assault is defined as making a physical attack. Forms of Abuse and Neglect Physical abuse is intentional bodily injury. Some examples include slapping, pinching, choking, kicking, shoving, or inappropriately using drugs or physical restraints. Signs and symptoms of physical abuse include: burns, bodily bruises, bone fractures, cuts, wounds, dislocations, sprains, poor hygiene, malnutrition, and behavioral changes. Sexual abuse is nonconsensual sexual contact (any unwanted sexual contact). Examples include unwanted touching, rape, sodomy, coerced nudity, sexually explicit photographing. Signs of sexual abuse include bruising or bleeding around private areas such as the breast, anus, and genitalia. Unexplained sexual disease and/or infection can also be a sign of sexual abuse. Mental mistreatment or emotional abuse is deliberately causing mental or emotional pain. Examples include intimidation, coercion, ridiculing, harassment, treating an adult like a child, isolating an adult from family, friends, or regular activity, use of silence to control behavior, and yelling or swearing which results in mental distress. Signs of emotional l abuse include low self-esteem, depression, anxiety, fear, hopelessness, insecurity, withdrawal, isolation, weight gain or loss, an elder acting childlike, and refusing to talk. Financial/Economic Exploitation occurs when a vulnerable adult or his/her resources or income are illegally or improperly used for another person's profit or gain. Examples include illegally withdrawing money out of another person’s account, forging checks, or stealing things out of the vulnerably adult’s house. Signs of financial abuse include a sudden inability to pay bills, unexplained decrease in bank accounts, unexplained transfer of possessions, and sudden inability to pay for care needed. Neglect occurs when a person, either through his/her action or inaction, deprives a vulnerable adult of the care necessary to maintain the vulnerable adult’s physical or mental health. Examples include not providing basic items such as food, water, clothing, a safe place to live, medicine, or health care. Neglect may include withholding adequate meals, hydration, clothing, housing, education, medical treatment, medication, and hygiene. Withholding physical aids such as hearing aids, glasses, ambulating aids (walkers, canes, wheelchairs, etc.), false teeth, or safety precautions (night lights, safety bars, call light etc.) are also neglect. Health care providers can unknowingly neglect patients by leaving a patient on the bedpan for an 2 extended period of time, moving walking aid devises out of reach keeping patients in bed, charting a patient has been repositioned but forgetting to do so, or moving a call button out of reach. Self-neglect occurs when a vulnerable adult fails to provide adequately for themselves and jeopardizes his/her well-being. Examples include a vulnerable adult living in hazardous, unsafe, or unsanitary living conditions or not having enough food or water. Abandonment occurs when a vulnerable adult is left without the ability to obtain necessary food, clothing, shelter or health care. Examples include deserting a vulnerable adult in a public place or leaving a vulnerable adult at home without the means of getting basic life necessities. Elder The Centers for Disease Control and prevention defines elder abuse t as an intentional act, or failure to act, by a caregiver or another person in a relationship involving an expectation of trust that causes or creates a risk of harm to an older adult (An older adult is defined as someone age 60 or older). Forms of Elder abuse include: physical, sexual or abusive sexual contact, emotional or psychological, neglect or financial abuse or exploitation of an elderly person. It may or may not be intentional, and an older adult will often suffer several forms of abuse and neglect at the same time. Who is Subject to Elder and Abuse Research indicates that older adults from all walks of life can be victims of abuse – men and women from all racial, ethnic, and economic groups. • Elders age 80 and older, and those with physical or mental impairments, are more likely to be