Support to the development of geographical indications in the Bursa region, Turkey and the promotion of local exchange of lessons learned TECHNICAL AND SCIENTIFIC REPORT OF BURSA PEACH BURSA – 2018 1 Support to the development of geographical indications in the Bursa region, Turkey and the promotion of local exchange of lessons learned Table of content 1. Historical Background of Bursa Peach ................................................................................................. 6 2. Sensory, physical and chemical properties of Bursa Peach ............................................................... 12 2.1. Identification of the sample....................................................................................................... 12 2.2. Frequency and Collection Conditions ........................................................................................ 13 2.3. Analysis Results ......................................................................................................................... 13 2.3.1. Sensorial Analysis ............................................................................................................... 13 2.3.2. Physical and Chemical Analysis .......................................................................................... 20 3. LINK with the AREA ........................................................................................................................... 28 3.1. Reputation of the Bursa Peach .................................................................................................. 28 3.2. Natural factors ........................................................................................................................... 29 4. DELIMITATION of the AREA ............................................................................................................... 32 5. PRODUCER’S SURVEY RESULTS .............................................................................................................. 35 ANNEXES ................................................................................................................................................... 58 Annex 1 Codes of Bursa Peach Samples ................................................................................................ 58 Annex 2. Statistical Results .................................................................................................................... 60 Annex 3. Maps ....................................................................................................................................... 63 TABLES Table 1. Some Publications on the History of Bursa Peach ................................................................................ 6 Table 2. Sensorial Analysis Criteria ..................................................................................................................... 15 Table 3. Minimum Required Sensorial Points ................................................................................................... 19 Table 4. Analysis Equipment ............................................................................................................................... 21 Table 5. Averages and Value Interval of Physical Analysis Results .................................................................. 27 Table 6. Averages and Value Interval of Chemical Analysis Results ................................................................ 27 Table 7. Soil and Climate Comparison between Regions ................................................................................. 30 Table 8. Wind Speed According to Provinces .................................................................................................... 30 Table 9. Meteorological Stations and Data Set Interval ................................................................................... 32 Table 10. Coordinates and Values ...................................................................................................................... 33 Table 11. Villages in the Geographical Limits of Bursa Peach .......................................................................... 34 Table 12. Villages, Average Orchard Size and Number of Trees ...................................................................... 35 Table 13. Number of Varieties in One Orchard ................................................................................................. 35 Table 14. Name of the Varieties of Peach and Nectarines ............................................................................... 36 Table 15. Reason of Variety Choice .................................................................................................................... 37 Table 16. Peach Orchard Groups (da) ................................................................................................................ 38 Table 17. Yield Groups (kg/tree) ......................................................................................................................... 38 2 Support to the development of geographical indications in the Bursa region, Turkey and the promotion of local exchange of lessons learned Table 18. Mineral Fertilizer Application Rate, Interval and Amount ................................................................ 39 Table 19. Fertilizer Implementation Months ..................................................................................................... 40 Table 20. Foliar Fertilizer Application Rate, Interval and Amount ................................................................... 41 Table 21. Content of Mineral Fertilizer .............................................................................................................. 42 Table 22. Application Month of Manure ............................................................................................................ 42 Table 23. Apllication Interval of Manure ........................................................................................................... 43 Table 24. Type of Manure ................................................................................................................................... 43 Table 25. Reason of Performing Soil and Foliar Analysis .................................................................................. 44 Table 26. Different Fertilizing Methods ............................................................................................................. 45 Table 27. Peach Diseases, Symptoms and Effect on the Yield .......................................................................... 45 Table 28. Chemical Usage for Plant Protection ................................................................................................. 46 Table 29. Active Substance of the Chemical ...................................................................................................... 46 Table 30. Chemical Application Interval ............................................................................................................ 47 Table 31. Chemical Application Month .............................................................................................................. 47 Table 32. Commercial Name and Active substance of the Herbicides............................................................. 48 Table 33. Application Interval of Herbicides ...................................................................................................... 48 Table 34. Application Month of the Herbicides ................................................................................................. 49 Table 35. Self-evaluation of Peach Producers ................................................................................................... 51 Table 36. Quality Perception of Producers; ....................................................................................................... 51 Table 37. Reasons of Specific Quality ................................................................................................................. 52 Table 38. Natural Factors that Effects Product Quality .................................................................................... 53 Table 39. Source of traditional knowledge ........................................................................................................ 54 Table 40. Orchard History ................................................................................................................................... 54 Table 41. Peach Harvest Period and Yield According to Varieties.................................................................... 55 Table 42. Post Harvest Activities ........................................................................................................................ 55 Table 43. Irrigation Efficiency Scale ................................................................................................................... 57 Table 44. Composition of Peach Orchards ........................................................................................................ 57 PHOTOS Photo 1. Letter of Ahmed Cevdet Pasha ............................................................................................................. 8 Photo 2. Record of 3 box of peach has been send from Bursa to Istanbul....................................................... 9 Photo 3. Some Pictures from peach producers ...............................................................................................