CEN CWA 15778 WORKSHOP February 2008 AGREEMENT ICS 35.240.30 English version Document Processing for Accessibility This CEN Workshop Agreement has been drafted and approved by a Workshop of representatives of interested parties, the constitution of which is indicated in the foreword of this Workshop Agreement. The formal process followed by the Workshop in the development of this Workshop Agreement has been endorsed by the National Members of CEN but neither the National Members of CEN nor the CEN Management Centre can be held accountable for the technical content of this CEN Workshop Agreement or possible conflicts with standards or legislation. This CEN Workshop Agreement can in no way be held as being an official standard developed by CEN and its Members. This CEN Workshop Agreement is publicly available as a reference document from the CEN Members National Standard Bodies. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels © 2008 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No.:CWA 15778:2008 D/E/F CWA 15778:2008 (E) Contents Page Foreword .............................................................................................................................................................4 1 Introduction ............................................................................................................................................5 1.1 Scope ......................................................................................................................................................5 1.2 Purpose ..................................................................................................................................................5 1.3 Formal liaisons ......................................................................................................................................6 1.4 Target audience .....................................................................................................................................6 1.5 Opening new markets ...........................................................................................................................7 2 Standards for document processing for accessibility ......................................................................8 2.1 Problem Statement ................................................................................................................................8 2.2 Standards and structures .....................................................................................................................9 2.3 Current situation..................................................................................................................................10 2.4 Current state of the art ........................................................................................................................11 2.5 Current problems.................................................................................................................................14 2.6 Influencing factors in Document Processing for Accessibility ......................................................15 3 Formats for document processing ....................................................................................................18 3.1 Printed paper........................................................................................................................................18 3.2 Printed Braille ......................................................................................................................................19 3.3 Audio.....................................................................................................................................................20 3.4 ASCII Text .............................................................................................................................................21 3.5 HTML documents.................................................................................................................................21 3.6 XML .......................................................................................................................................................22 3.7 Multi-type composite formats ............................................................................................................24 4 Considerations for structuring documents ......................................................................................27 4.1 Define and use document style guidelines.......................................................................................27 4.2 Define and use structure guidelines..................................................................................................27 4.3 Edit / add structure where needed .....................................................................................................28 4.4 Edit DRM settings ................................................................................................................................28 4.5 Adaptation ............................................................................................................................................28 5 Conversion processes ........................................................................................................................29 5.1 Convert Multimedia Material to structured Multimedia Material.....................................................29 5.2 Convert structured Multimedia Material to XML...............................................................................30 5.3 Convert Multimedia Material to XML..................................................................................................30 5.4 Convert traditional print to XML.........................................................................................................30 5.5 Convert DTP to XML ............................................................................................................................31 5.6 Convert XML to Print ...........................................................................................................................31 5.7 Convert XML to Braille ........................................................................................................................31 5.8 Convert XML to Large Print ................................................................................................................32 5.9 Convert XML to HTML .........................................................................................................................32 5.10 Convert XML to structured Multimedia Material...............................................................................32 5.11 Convert DTP to Multimedia Material ..................................................................................................33 5.12 Convert Audio to structured Audio ...................................................................................................33 5.13 Convert XML to XML............................................................................................................................33 6 Scenarios introducing accessibility within publishing workflows.................................................35 6.1 Scenario 1 - Delivering XML files .......................................................................................................36 6.2 Scenario 2 - Accessibility enhancement in general.........................................................................38 6.3 Scenario 3 - Increasing web accessibility.........................................................................................40 6.4 Scenario 4 - Accessibility policy........................................................................................................42 6.5 Scenario 5 - Spoken documents for everyone .................................................................................43 6.6 Scenario 6 - Accessible and protected PDFs ...................................................................................45 2 CWA 15778:2008 (E) 6.7 Scenario 7 - Working hand in hand ...................................................................................................47 6.8 Scenario 8 - Accessible design..........................................................................................................49 6.9 Scenario 9 - Accessibility on a large scale .......................................................................................51 6.10 Scenario 10 - What authors can do....................................................................................................52 6.11 Scenario 11 - Repair and adaptation .................................................................................................54 6.12 Common scenario requirements .......................................................................................................56 6.13 Specific scenario requirements .........................................................................................................56