Psychoanalytic Knowledge Edited by Man Cheung Chung and Colin Feltham 0333_973917_01_pre.qxd 9/15/2003 1:18 PM Page i Psychoanalytic Knowledge 0333_973917_01_pre.qxd 9/15/2003 1:18 PM Page ii 0333_973917_01_pre.qxd 9/15/2003 1:18 PM Page iii Psychoanalytic Knowledge Edited by Man Cheung Chung Principal Lecturer in Psychology, The University of Plymouth, UK and Colin Feltham Reader in Counselling, Sheffield Hallam University, UK 0333_973917_01_pre.qxd 9/15/2003 1:18 PM Page iv © Editorial Matter & Selection © Man Cheung Chung & Colin Feltham 2003 Chapter 1 © Man Cheung Chung 2003 Chapter 10 © Suzanne Kirschner Remaining Chapters © Palgrave 2003 All rights reserved. No reproduction, copy or transmission of this publication may be made without written permission. No paragraph of this publication may be reproduced, copied or transmitted save with written permission or in accordance with the provisions of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988, or under the terms of any licence permitting limited copying issued by the Copyright Licensing Agency, 90 Tottenham Court Road, London W1T 4LP. Any person who does any unauthorised act in relation to this publication may be liable to criminal prosecution and civil claims for damages. The authors have asserted their rights to be identified as the authors of this work in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988. First published 2003 by PALGRAVE MACMILLAN Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire RG21 6XS and 175 Fifth Avenue, New York, N.Y. 10010 Companies and representatives throughout the world PALGRAVE MACMILLAN is the global academic imprint of the Palgrave Macmillan division of St. Martin’s Press, LLC and of Palgrave Macmillan Ltd. Macmillan® is a registered trademark in the United States, United Kingdom and other countries. Palgrave is a registered trademark in the European Union and other countries. ISBN 0–333–97391–7 hardback This book is printed on paper suitable for recycling and made from fully managed and sustained forest sources. A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Psychoanalytic knowledge / edited by Man Cheung Chung & Colin Feltham. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 0–333–97391–7 1. Psychoanalysis. 2. Freud, Sigmund, 1856–1939 I. Chung, Man Cheung, 1962– II. Feltham, Colin, 1950– BF173.P7763 2003 150.19¢6—dc21 2003051969 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 12 11 10 09 08 07 06 05 04 03 Printed and bound in Great Britain by Antony Rowe Ltd, Chippenham and Eastbourne 0333_973917_01_pre.qxd 9/15/2003 1:18 PM Page v On behalf of .the contributors, the editors would like to pay tribute to Professor I lham Dilman, who sadly passed away in January 2003, during the compilation of this book. His important contri- bution to this book, and indeed to the academic community as a whole, has been invaluable and will be remembered for years to come. 0333_973917_01_pre.qxd 9/15/2003 1:18 PM Page vi 0333_973917_01_pre.qxd 9/15/2003 1:18 PM Page vii Contents Acknowledgements ix Notes on the Contributors x 1. Examining the Nature of Psychoanalytic Knowledge 1 Man Cheung Chung 2. Kant and Freud 20 Andrew Brook 3. Psychoanalysis as Philosophy, Psychoanalysis as Worldview 40 C. Fred Alford 4. ‘Some Unimaginable Substratum’: A Contemporary Introduction to Freud’s Philosophy of Mind 54 David Livingstone Smith 5. Freud and the Neurological Unconscious 76 Grant Gillett 6. The Etiology of Emotion and Ossification of Self: You Can’t Change People because People Don’t Change 96 Michael P. Levine 7. The Illusion of a Future 120 W. D. Hart 8. Emotion, Evolution and Conflict 132 James Hopkins 9. Freud, Object Relations, Agency and the Self 157 Tamas Pataki 10. Autonomy and the Problem of Suffering: Tragedy and Transcendence in Psychoanalytic Discourse 181 Suzanne R. Kirschner 11. The Self in Psychoanalysis: Heinz Kohut and Narcissism –. a Critique 199 Ilham Dilman 12. Challenges to Psychoanalytic Methodology 219 Malcolm Macmillan Name Index 239 Subject Index 244 vii 0333_973917_01_pre.qxd 9/15/2003 1:18 PM Page viii 0333_973917_01_pre.qxd 9/15/2003 1:18 PM Page ix Acknowledgements We are grateful to Wilhelm Fink Verlag for granting us permission to reprint in this book Suzanne R. Kirschner’s chapter ‘Autonomy and the Problem of Suffering: Tragedy and Transcendence in Psychoanalytic Discourse’, which was previously published in a book titled Die Autonome Person: Eine Euro- paische Erfindung?, eds. Klaus Peter Kopping, Michael Welker and Reiner Wiehl (Wilhelm Fink, 2002). ix 0333_973917_01_pre.qxd 9/15/2003 1:18 PM Page x Notes on the Contributors C. Fred Alford is Professor of Government and Distinguished Scholar- Teacher at the University of Maryland, College Park. He is author of a dozen books on moral psychology, including Melanie Klein and Critical Social Theory (Yale, 1989). His most recent book is Levinas, the Frankfurt School, and Psy- choanalysis (Wesleyan University Press and Continuum Books, 2002). Andrew Brook is Professor of Philosophy and Director of the Institute of Interdisciplinary Studies at Carleton University, Ottawa. He is past-president of the Canadian Philosophical Association. He is author, co-author or editor of six books and has about 60 publications in all. He is a licensed psycho- analyst, one expression of a very long-standing interest in making philo- sophical ideas and methods relevant in practice life. Man Cheung Chung is a Principal Lecturer in the Department of Psychol- ogy at the University of Plymouth. His research interests include history and philosophy of psychology and health/clinical psychology. He has published some 100 articles and chapters in the foregoing areas as well as on other diverse topics. In addition to the present book, he is also editing volumes pertaining to phenomenology, schizophrenia and reasoning. Ilham Dilman was, until recently, a Professor Emeritus of Philosophy at the University of Wales, Swansea. He published 19 books and over 70 papers and articles on a wide range of philosophical topics, including psycho- analysis. His works on Freud include Freud and Human Nature (1983), Freud and the Mind (1984) and Freud, Insight and Change (1988). Shortly after the completion of his chapter for the present book, Professor Dilman passed away unexpectedly in January 2003. Grant Gillett is a Professor of Medical Ethics at the University of Otago in Dunedin, New Zealand. He is also a practising neurosurgeon. His main philo- sophical work is in the philosophy of mind and psychiatry, though he also writes on topics in bioethics. His most recent books are The Mind and Its Dis- contents (1999) and he has co-authored Medical Ethics (2001) and Conscious- ness and Intentionality (2001). He is interested in postmodern and traditional analytic approaches to bioethics, mind and language, and psychiatry. W. D. Hart took his PhD from Harvard University in philosophy in 1969. He has taught at the University of Michigan, University College London, the University of New Mexico and the University of Illinois at Chicago, where he has been chair of the philosophy department since 1994. He began his work in logic and philosophy of mathematics, but this spread into meta- x 0333_973917_01_pre.qxd 9/15/2003 1:18 PM Page xi Notes on the Contributors xi physics and epistemology, and since about 1970 has included an interest in Freud and psychoanalysis. He published The Engines of the Soul in 1988, edited an anthology on philosophy of mathematics that came out in 1996, and has published about 40 papers. James Hopkins is Reader in Philosophy at King’s College London. He has published a number of articles on the epistemology of psychoanalysis and edited two collections of essays: Philosophical Essays on Freud, with Richard Wollheim (Cambridge University Press, 1982) and Psychoanalysis, Mind and Art, with Anthony Savile (Blackwell, 1992). Suzanne R. Kirschner is Associate Professor of Psychology at the College of the Holy Cross in Worcester, Massachusetts. She has published a number of articles on the philosophy, history and anthropology of psychology and psy- choanalysis, as well as a book, The Religious and Romantic Origins of Psycho- analysis: Individuation and Integration in Post-Freudian Theory (Cambridge University Press, 1996). Recent publications include an ethnographic study of clinicians’ reactions to managed mental health care (‘Managing Managed Care: Habitus, Hysteresis and the End(s) of Psychotherapy’, with W. Lachicotte), and the entry on ‘Post-Modern Psychology’ in the Oxford Ency- clopedia of Psychology. She is currently working on a project in which she contrasts psychoanalytic and biobehavioural understandings of personality and ‘normality’, and explores the social and cultural implications of the rise of contemporary temperament theory in psychology. Michael P. Levine is Professor of Philosophy at the University of Western Australia and Weismann Distinguished Professor at Baruch College, City University of New York. Recent publications include Pantheism (1994); The Analytic Freud: Philosophy and Psychoanalysis (ed., 2000); Integrity and Fragile Self (with Damian Cox and Marguerite La Caze, 2003); Racism in Mind (ed. with Tamas Pataki, 2003). Malcolm Macmillan has worked in the University of Melbourne and Monash University. He is now an Adjunct-Professor in the School of Psy- chology at Deakin University. His Freud Evaluated: The Completed Arc earned him a Monash DSc in 1992. He is a Fellow of the Australian and American Psychological Societies and has been president of the former. In addition to his work on Freud, he has also published widely in areas such as brain local- isation and injury and intellectual disability. Tamas Pataki is Honorary Senior Fellow in the Department of Philosophy, University of Melbourne, where he also currently lectures, and Honorary Fellow, Deakin University. He has taught in universities in Australia and Hungary and has published articles on the philosophy of mind, psycho- analysis, moral philosophy and aesthetics as well as many popular pieces and reviews.