CLICKERS - We would not expect a vertical motion, or lifting, along frontal boundaries - all of the following are re uired for severe thunderstorm development - vertical wind shear - a source of moisture - a mechanism to trigger an updraft - a conditionally unstable atmosphere - solar heating of the surface is the primary mechanism that triggers the updraft of an airmass thunderstorm - airmass thunderstorms would be most li"ely to form far from any frontal bound- aries at 4:00PM - airmass thunderstorms tend to occur in environments where the winds do not in- crease substantially with height - wind shear is a "e! environmental condition for severe thunderstorm formation because strong winds cause the updraft to tilt and separate from the downdraft, allow# ing the inflow of warm, moist air to continue to feed the storm - cold pool% the accumulation of rain-cooled air near the surface under a thunder# storm - a thunderstorm’s anvil cloud is composed of ice crystals - a gust front develops when cool air generated by evaporation of rain within the downdrafts spreads outward away from the thunderstorm after reaching the surface - !ou are outdoors in spring in the central plains. a supercell thunderstorm is travel# ing from southwest to northeast and passes directl! over !ou' this is the order !ou would observe the di(erent precipitation types: - virga, light rain, moderate rain, heavy rain, hail - a mechanism to trigger the thunderstorm updraft is re uired for a sever thun# derstorm to form but is not re uired for a non-severe thunderstorm to form - supercell rotation develops as a result of tilting and stretching - the rear flank gust front moves around the low-pressure center associate with su# percell thunderstorms analogously to a cold front in an extratropical c!clone - mesocyclone refers to the rotating region of a supercell thunderstorm - a supercell thunderstorm develops along a dry line associated with a cyclone' an EF* tornado emerges from the supercell' a severe storm spotter observes suction vor# tices. a suction vortex has the strongest winds within this weather system - on a radar radial velocity !ou would be able to identif! the mesocyclone signa# ture associated with a tornadic supercell - an EF+ tornado would be weak whereas an EF, tornado would be devastating - these statements about tornadoes are all true.