V850 IAR Assembler Reference Guide for NEC Electronics’ V850 Microcontroller Family AV850-2:3 COPYRIGHT NOTICE © Copyright 1998–2000 IAR Systems. All rights reserved. No part of this document may be reproduced without the prior written consent of IAR Systems. The software described in this document is furnished under a license and may only be used or copied in accordance with the terms of such a license. DISCLAIMER The information in this document is subject to change without notice and does not represent a commitment on any part of IAR Systems. While the information contained herein is assumed to be accurate, IAR Systems assumes no responsibility for any errors or omissions. In no event shall IAR Systems, its employees, its contractors, or the authors of this document be liable for special, direct, indirect, or consequential damage, losses, costs, charges, claims, demands, claim for lost profits, fees, or expenses of any nature or kind. TRADEMARKS IAR and C-SPY are registered trademarks of IAR Systems. IAR Embedded Workbench, IAR XLINK Linker, and IAR XLIB Librarian are trademarks of IAR Systems. V850 is a registered trademark of NEC Electronics Europe GmbH. NEC is a registered trademark of NEC Electronics Corporation. Microsoft is a registered trademark, and Windows is a trademark of Microsoft Corporation. All other product names are trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective owners. EDITION NOTICE Second edition: December 2000 Part number: AV850-2 This guide replaces the V850 Assembler, Linker and Librarian Programming Guide, AV850-1. Reference information about the IAR XLINK Linker and the IAR XLIB Librarian can now be found in the IAR XLINK Linker™ and IAR XLIB Librarian™ Reference Guide, available from theV850 IAR Embedded Workbench™ IDE Help menu. V850 IAR Assembler ii Reference Guide AV850-2:3 Contents Tables ..................................................................................................................................... vii Preface .................................................................................................................................. ix Who should read this guide ..........................................................................ix How to use this guide ........................................................................................ix What this guide contains ................................................................................ix Other documentation ........................................................................................x Document conventions .....................................................................................x Introduction to the V850 IAR Assembler .................................. 1 Source format ..........................................................................................................1 Assembler expressions ......................................................................................2 TRUE and FALSE ...........................................................................................2 Using symbols in relocatable expressions ..................................................2 Symbols ..............................................................................................................3 Labels ..................................................................................................................3 Integer constants ...............................................................................................3 ASCII character constants ..............................................................................4 Real number constants ....................................................................................4 Predefined symbols ..........................................................................................5 Programming hints ..............................................................................................6 Accessing special function registers ............................................................6 Using C-style preprocessor directives .........................................................7 List file format .........................................................................................................7 Header .............................................................................................................. 10 Body ................................................................................................................. 10 CRC .................................................................................................................. 11 List fields ........................................................................................................ 11 Symbol and cross-reference table ...................................................... 12 iii AV850-2:3 Output formats .................................................................................................... 13 Assembler options ................................................................................................ 15 Setting assembler options ............................................................................ 15 Extended command line file ....................................................................... 15 Assembler environment variables ............................................................. 16 Options summary .............................................................................................. 17 Descriptions of assembler options ......................................................... 18 Assembler operators ......................................................................................... 29 Precedence of operators ............................................................................... 29 Summary of assembler operators .......................................................... 29 Unary operators – 1 ...................................................................................... 29 Multiplicative arithmetic operators – 2 .................................................... 30 Additive arithmetic operators – 3 .............................................................. 30 Shift operators – 4 ......................................................................................... 30 AND operators – 5 ........................................................................................ 30 OR operators – 6 ........................................................................................... 31 Comparison operators – 7 ........................................................................... 31 Descriptions of assembler operators ................................................... 31 Assembler directives .......................................................................................... 43 Summary of directives .................................................................................... 43 Syntax conventions ........................................................................................... 47 Labels and comments ................................................................................... 47 Parameters ...................................................................................................... 48 Module control directives ............................................................................. 48 Syntax .............................................................................................................. 48 Parameters ...................................................................................................... 49 Description ..................................................................................................... 49 Examples ......................................................................................................... 50 Symbol control directives ............................................................................ 51 Syntax .............................................................................................................. 51 Parameters ...................................................................................................... 51 Description ..................................................................................................... 51 Example ........................................................................................................... 52 V850 IAR Assembler iv Reference Guide AV850-2:3 Contents Segment control directives ......................................................................... 52 Syntax .............................................................................................................. 53 Parameters ...................................................................................................... 53 Description ..................................................................................................... 53 Examples ......................................................................................................... 55 Value assignment directives ....................................................................... 57 Syntax .............................................................................................................. 57 Parameters ...................................................................................................... 58 Description 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