Urban energy planning in Eskilstuna [PLEEC Report D4.2 / Eskilstuna] Groth, Niels Boje; Große, Juliane; Fertner, Christian Publication date: 2015 Document version Publisher's PDF, also known as Version of record Citation for published version (APA): Groth, N. B., Große, J., & Fertner, C. (2015). Urban energy planning in Eskilstuna: [PLEEC Report D4.2 / Eskilstuna]. EU-FP7 project PLEEC. http://pleecproject.eu/results/documents/viewdownload/131-work-package- 4/583-d4-2-urban-energy-planning-in-eskilstuna.html Download date: 24. Sep. 2021 Deliverable 4.2 / Eskilstuna Urban energy planning in Eskilstuna 14 September 2014 05 marts 2015 rev. Niels Boje Groth (UCPH) Juliane Grosse (UCPH) Christian Fertner (UCPH) Abstract Main aim of report The purpose of Deliverable 4.2 is to give an overview of urban energy planning in the 6 PLEEC partner cities. The 6 reports illustrate how cities deal with different challenges of the urban energy transformation from a structural perspective including issues of urban governance and spatial planning. The 6 reports will provide input for the following WP4 location in PLEEC project cross-thematic report (D4.3). Target group The main addressee is the WP4-team (universities and cities) who will work on the cross- thematic report (D4.3). The reports will also support a learning process between the cities. Further, they are relevant for a wider group of PLEEC partners to discuss the relationship between the three pillars (technology, structure, behaviour) in each of the cities. Main findings/conclusions Eskilstuna has introduced energy and climate policies in most sectors, enterprise and planning. It thus offers an excellent study field. Energy and climate policy is divided into two policy arenas: The arena of the municipality acting as a concern and the arena of the municipality acting as a stakeholder of energy initiatives towards the general public. The efficiency of the first is very high, due to an omnipresence of ‘sustainability thinking’. The total effect of the latter is, however, much larger, due to the size of the arena. Principles of urban development are generally acknowledged as an important instrument for sustainability. Urban densification and urban connectivity to transport routes facilitated by public transport are the two main principles. Policies of sustainability are of ‘second-order’ as compared to the economic driven changes of the urban system. A prime ‘first-order’ development is regional enlargement synonymous with increased transport. Second-order policies are modal split initiatives aiming at public rather than private transportation facilitated by infrastructure and infrastructure lead urban development. The largest amount of energy consumption is in the sectors of transport, households and industry. Potentials reduction of CO2 emissions vary: Transportation depends on fossil fuels, difficult to cope with, whereas energy consumption in households is composed by a number of energy sources, including an increasing amount of renewables operated by large district heating plants as well as by individual house owners’ initiatives. page 2 Thus, national measures are efficiently introduced in the conversion of district heating into renewables as well as conversion of the heating of single family dwellings using heat pumps and solar cells. Designing incentives to reduce fossil fuels in transport remains the key challenge. At municipal level the consumption of electricity is of special concern. Only about 25% of electricity it is possible to produce by local combined power and district heating plants. Some small additional power may be provided locally by e.g. solar cells. But for the remaining part consumers are dependent upon national grids, i.e. power produced by energy sources that are beyond the control of the municipality. Activities carried out including methodology used The 6 reports are based on workshops (Stoke-on-Trent, Turku), field work (interviews with stakeholders) in the cities, the analysis of local reports as well as close contact with our city partners. This is more described in the methodology chapter. The PLEEC project Energy efficiency is high on the European agenda. One of the goals of the European Union's 20-20-20 plan is to improve energy efficiency by 20% in 2020. However, holistic knowledge about energy efficiency potentials in cities is far from complete. Currently, a variety of individual strategies and approaches by different stakeholders tackling separate key aspects hinders strategic energy efficiency planning. For this reason, the PLEEC project – "Planning for Energy Efficient Cities" – funded by the EU Seventh Framework Programme uses an integrative approach to achieve the sustainable, energy–efficient, smart city. By coordinating strategies and combining best practices, PLEEC will develop a general model for energy efficiency and sustainable city planning. By connecting scientific excellence and innovative enterprises in the energy sector with ambitious and well-organized cities, the project aims to reduce energy use in Europe in the near future and will therefore be an important tool contributing to the EU's 20-20-20 targets. page 3 Content 1 Introduction ..................................................................................................................................... 6 2 Methods .......................................................................................................................................... 6 3 The regional setting ......................................................................................................................... 7 3.1 The Stockholm-Mälar Region .................................................................................................. 7 3.2 The county Södermanland ...................................................................................................... 8 3.3 The regional Council Sörmland ............................................................................................... 9 3.4 Municipal cooperations ........................................................................................................... 9 3.5 Eskilstuna - a brief overview .................................................................................................... 9 4 Historical Urban development ...................................................................................................... 12 5 National and municipal energy planning ...................................................................................... 21 5.1 National and municipal goals ................................................................................................ 21 5.2 National policy measures ...................................................................................................... 22 5.3 Municipal initiatives .............................................................................................................. 22 5.4 Top-down and bottom-up ..................................................................................................... 23 6 Management of urban planning and energy today ...................................................................... 23 6.1 Comprehensive spatial planning 1990 - 2013 ....................................................................... 23 6.2 Eskilstuna traffic plan ............................................................................................................ 27 6.3 Public projects and building control ...................................................................................... 31 6.4 The climate plan .................................................................................................................... 31 6.5 Eskilstuna Energy & Environment ......................................................................................... 39 7 Regional initiatives ........................................................................................................................ 44 7.1 Sörmland Region on commuting ........................................................................................... 44 7.2 The regional county on climate ............................................................................................. 45 8 Pilot projects.................................................................................................................................. 47 8.1 Väster – transforming an industrial area .............................................................................. 47 8.2 Lagersberg – transforming a ‘million program area’ ............................................................. 49 8.3 Sustainable transport: “Take the bus when you can, take the car when you have to” ....... 51 9 Summary of urban energy planning in the city ............................................................................. 53 10 Perspectives for thematic report .................................................................................................. 54 10.1 Planning and monitoring ....................................................................................................... 54 10.2 Urban structure and morphology ......................................................................................... 55 10.3 Energy .................................................................................................................................... 56 11 Lessons and links to other PLEEC work packages .........................................................................