Livestock Management Insect Pests Sept. 2003, LM-10.4 Stable Fly Michael W. DuPonte1 and Linda Burnham Larish2 1CTAHR Department of Human Nutrition, Food and Animal Sciences, 2Hawaii Department of Health Stomoxys calcitrans Linnaeus Origin The stable fly was first recorded in Hawaii in 1901. Now it is widespread over all of the Hawaiian islands Hosts Male and female adults ingest the blood of domestic animals, poultry, and man. Larvae feed on fecal material mixed with straw, organic matter, or spoiled hay. Public health concern The stable fly can irritate people by its vicious attacks and they cause a painful bite. Livestock concern The stable fly in large numbers can cause weight gain reductions in cattle because they cluster together and won’t feed when being attacked. Bite wounds in horses can lead to secondary infections and transmit pathogens. They tend to bite livestock on the legs and belly. Description 3 3 Medium size fly ⁄16– ⁄8 inches long with four black stripes down its gray back. Consult your pesticide supplier for recommended fly Unlike the house fly, it has a checkerboard of dark spots control products and always follow label directions. on the dorsum of its abdomen. Parasitic wasps are used for biological control. Can be recognized by its stout black proboscis used to pierce the skin and suck blood. References Hardy, D. Elmo. 1981. Insects of Hawaii, v. 14. Diptera: Cyclop­ Life cycle phapha IV. Univ. Hawaii Press, Honolulu. pp. 274–277. Growth stages: egg, larva, pupa, and adult Pereira, Marcelo de Campos. The Veterinary Parasitology Images Entire cycle from egg to adult takes from 20–25 days. Gallery. University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil. Photos on Eggs are laid in irregular masses of up to 90 on suitable this page ©MCP; used with permission. Williams, Ralph E., et al. (eds.). 1985. Livestock entomology. John organic substrate. Wiley & Sons. pp. 59–60, 209–210, 284. Control Kettle, D.S. Editor. 1995. Medical and veterinary entomolgy, 2nd ed. CAB International. pp. 260–261. Livestock operations should remove accumulated ma- Powell, Peggy G., and S. Berringer. Oct. 1995. Stable fly biology nure and wet or soiled feed. and management. <www.caf.wvu.edu/-forage/10627.htm>. Published by the College of Tropical Agriculture and Human Resources (CTAHR) and issued in furtherance of Cooperative Extension work, Acts of May 8 and June 30, 1914, in cooperation with the U.S. Department of Agriculture. Andrew G. Hashimoto, Director/Dean, Cooperative Extension Service/CTAHR, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822. An Equal Opportunity / Affirmative Action Institution providing programs and services to the people of Hawaii without regard to race, sex, age, religion, color, national origin, ancestry, disability, marital status, arrest and court record, sexual orientation, or veteran status. CTAHR publications can be found on the Web site <http://www.ctahr.hawaii.edu> or ordered by calling 808-956-7046 or sending e-mail to [email protected]. .