Memoirs of the Queensland Museum | Nature 60 © The State of Queensland, Queensland Museum 2018 PO Box 3300, South Brisbane 4101, Australia Phone 06 7 3840 7555 Fax 06 7 3846 1226 Email [email protected] Website www.qm.qld.gov.au National Library of Australia card number ISSN 0079-8835 Print ISSN 2204-1478 Online NOTE Papers published in this volume and in all previous volumes of the Memoirs of the Queensland Museum may be reproduced for scientific research, individual study or other educational purposes. Properly acknowledged quotations may be made but queries regarding the republication of any papers should be addressed to the Editor in Chief. Copies of the journal can be purchased from the Queensland Museum Shop. A Guide to Authors is displayed at the Queensland Museum web site www.qm.qld.gov.au A Queensland Government Project Typeset at the Queensland Museum A review of the Water spider family Pisauridae in Australia and New Caledonia with descriptions of four new genera and 23 new species Robert J. RAVEN & Wendy HEBRON Queensland Museum, PO Box 3300, South Brisbane, Queensland 4101. Citation: Raven, R.J. & Hebron, W. 2018: A review of the Water spider family Pisauridae in Australia and New Caledonia with descriptions of four new genera and 23 new species. Memoirs of the Queensland Museum – Nature 60: 233–381. Brisbane. ISSN 0079-8835 (Online), ISSN 2204-1478 (Print). Accepted: 3 January 2018. First published online: 20 March 2018 https://doi.org/10.17082/j.2204-1478.60.2018.2017-06 LSID urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:77E36144-DDA9-4F1F-86F2-923B7E8C5F28 ABSTRACT The family Pisauridae for Australia and the western Pacific is revised. The Australian fauna includes Dolomedes, Megadolomedes, Hygropoda, Perenethis, Dendrolycosa and Inola along with 3 new genera, Tasmomedes, gen. nov., Ornodolomedes, gen. nov., and Mangromedes, gen. nov. Dolomedes in the region includes 16 species. four of which are known – Dolomedes facetus L. Koch, 1876, Dolomedes albicomus L. Koch, 1867, Dolomedes instabilis L. Koch, 1876 and Dolomedes flaminius L. Koch, 1867– plus 9 that are new: Dolomedes vicque sp. nov. from Victoria to Queensland, Dolomedes briangreenei sp. nov. and Dolomedes venmani sp. nov. in New South Wales and Queensland, Dolomedes alexandri sp. nov., from the Australian Capital Territory, Dolomedes pedder sp. nov. and Dolomedes lizturnerae sp. nov. from Tasmania, Dolomedes wollemi sp. nov. from New South Wales, Dolomedes mankorlod sp. nov. from the Northern Territory, Dolomedes karijini sp. nov. from Western Australia. Of those, Dolomedes flaminius remains the most perplexing as no further material has been located from the Brisbane area from which it putatively came prior to 1867; the locality is presumed wrong. Dolomedes stilatus Karsch, 1878 is a synonym of Perenethis venusta L. Koch, 1878. Dolomedes habilis Hogg, 1906 is a junior synonym of Dolomedes instabilis. Dolomedes chroesus Strand, 1911 is removed from the fauna of Australia because of misidentifications. The newly rediscovered Dolomedes eberhardarum Strand, 1913 from Tasmania and Victoria is transferred to the new genus, Tasmomedes. A new species of Megadolomedes, Megadolomedes johndouglasi is described from Tasmania and Victoria; Megadolomedes trux Lamb, 1911 is restored as the northern relative of Megadolomedes australianus (L. Koch, 1865); Megadolomedes nord sp. nov. is described from Cape York. Nilus kochi Roewer, 1951 is rediscovered in mangroves in Queensland and with a new species from the Northern Territory (Mangromedes porusus sp. nov.), is transferred to Mangromedes, gen. nov. A new genus, Ornodolomedes, is described in which the spiders hunt freely at night on leaves on rainforest and closed eucalypt forest; the spiders have bold carapace and abdominal patterns. The genus includes 10 new species. from Queensland, Ornodolomedes mickfanningi sp. nov., Ornodolomedes benrevelli sp. nov., Ornodolomedes gorenpul sp. nov., Ornodolomedes yalangi sp. nov., Ornodolomedes nebulosus sp. nov., Ornodolomedes xypee sp. nov. and Ornodolomedes marshi sp. nov.; Ornodolomedes staricki sp. nov. from Victoria; from Western Australia, Ornodolomedes nicholsoni sp. nov., and Ornodolomedes southcotti sp. nov. from South Australia. In Dendrolycosa, the male of Dendrolycosa icadia (L. Koch, 1878) is described for the first time and one new species, Dendrolycosa kakadu sp. nov. is described from the Northern Territory. Dendrolycosa yuka Jäger, 2011 is considered African, not Australian. The male of Hygropoda lineata (Thorell, 1881) is described for the first time. The widespread species Perenethis venusta L. Koch, 1878 is described and figured and a diagnosis of Inola is provided. The New Caledonian fauna includes 3 species of Dolomedes (Dolomedes titan Berland, 1924, Dolomedes neocaledonicus Berland, 1924, Dolomedes lafoensis Berland, 1924), Dendrolycosa icadia, Bradystichus Simon, 1880 and a new genus, Caledomedes, gen. nov. Males and females of Dolomedes titan and Dolomedes neocaledonicus are redescribed and figured; Dolomedes lafoensis is reviewed. The New Hebrides Do. naja Berland, 1938 is is probably a sysnonym of Do. facetus. The misplaced lycosid Anoteropsis flavovittata is transferred to a new genus Caledomedes. The enigmatic Bradystichus is reviewed. All 11 genera and 39 species are diagnosed and mapped; all genera are keyed and keys to species of genera with more than two species are provided. Taxonomy, Morphology, Distribution, New Species, Pisauridae. Memoirs of the Queensland Museum | Nature 2018 60 www.qm.qld.gov.au 233 Raven & Hebron TABLE OF CONTENTS Megadolomedes johndouglasi sp . nov . 268 Megadolomedes nord sp . nov . 269 Material & methods . 236 Ornodolomedes, gen . nov . 270 Morphology . 237 Key to Ornodolomedes . 270 Family Pisauridae Simon, 1890 . 238 Ornodolomedes benrevelli sp . nov . 270 Key to the general of the Western Pacific . 239 Ornodolomedes gorenpul sp . nov . 271 Thalassiinae Simon, 1898 . 240 Ornodolomedes mickfanningi sp . nov . 273 History of Dolomedes . 240 Ornodolomedes nebulosus sp . nov . 274 Dolomedes Latreille, 1804 . 241 Ornodolomedes yalangi sp . nov . 275 Key to male Dolomedes and Tasmomedes in Australia Ornodolomedes staricki sp . nov . 275 and New Caledonia . 242 Ornodolomedes southcotti sp . nov . 276 Dolomedes facetus L . Koch, 1876 . 243 Ornodolomedes nicholsoni sp . nov . 276 Dolomedes albicomus L . Koch, 1867 . 245 Ornodolomedes xypee sp . nov . 277 Dolomedes instabilis L . Koch, 1876 . 247 Ornodolomedes marshi sp . nov . 278 Dolomedes vicque sp . nov . 250 Mangromedes, gen . nov . 278 Dolomedes briangreenei sp . nov . 251 Mangromedes kochi (Roewer, 1951) . 279 Dolomedes venmani sp . nov . 253 Mangromedes porosus sp . nov . 280 Dolomedes flaminius L . Koch, 1867 . 254 Caledomedes, gen . nov . 281 Dolomedes wollemi sp . nov . 256 Caledomedes flavovittatus (Simon, 1880) . 282 Dolomedes mankorlod sp . nov . 257 Bradystichus Simon, 1884 . 283 Dolomedes karijini sp . nov . 257 Bradystichus calligaster Simon, 1884 . 283 Dolomedes alexandri sp . nov . 258 Pisaurinae . 283 Dolomedes lizturnerae sp . nov . 259 Dendrolycosa Doleschall, 1859 . 283 Dolomedes pedder sp . nov . 260 Dendrolycosa icadia (L . Koch, 1876) . 284 Dolomedes titan Berland, 1924 . 260 Dendrolycosa kakadu sp . nov . 285 Dolomedes neocaledonicus Berland, 1924 . 261 Dendrolycosa yuka (Jüger, 2011) . 286 Dolomedes lafoensis Berland, 1924 . 262 Perenethis L . Koch, 1878 . 286 Dolomedes naja Berland, 1938 . 262 Perenethis venusta L . Koch, 1878 . 287 INDONESIA Hygropoda Thorell, 1895 . 288 Dolomedes chroesus Strand, 1911 . 262 Hygropoda lineata (Thorell, 1881) . 289 Tasmomedes Raven gen . nov . 262 Inola Davies, 1982 . 290 Tasmomedes eberhardarum (Strand, 1913) . 263 Inola amicabilis Davies, 1982 . 290 Megadolomedes Davies & Raven, 1980 . 264 Acknowledgements . 290 Key to Species . 265 Cited Literature . 291 Megadolomedes australianus (L . Koch, 1865) . 265 Illustrations . 294 Megadolomedes trux (Lamb, 1911) . 266 Maps . 376 234 Memoirs of the Queensland Museum | Nature 2018 60 Water Spider Pisauridae Spiders of a number of families are strongly name, Water Spiders, they can also be found associated with water, from the intertidal long distances (kilometres) from standing water . mygalomorph Idioctis (see Raven 1988), However, the term “Nursery web spiders” is through intertidal araneomorphs of the family unchecked in a number of these genera; the only Desidae (Desis, Paratheuma), Anyphaenidae behaviour that remains true to all seems to be (Amaurobioides, see Ceccarelli et al ,. 2016) to the that of holding the egg sac in the chelicerae . Diving spiders (Agryoneta aquatica (Clerck 1757)) Nevertheless, this usage of the term “Water of the Cybaeidae . spiders” is common in Australia and appears in the Atlas of Living Australia (www .ala .org .au) Many araneomorphs build webs on or near which derives its taxonomy from the Australian water or even bind to the water’s meniscus, Faunal Directory (www environment. gov. au/. e .g . Tetragnatha and Nanometa, Tetragnathidae online-resources/fauna) . Pisaurids, notably (pers . obs, RJR) . Some lycosids (e g. Lycosa Dolomedes and Megadolomedes, are well known lapidosa (pers . obs )). and sparassids (Heteropoda for their predation of fish and frogs (see spp ). range readily off rocks onto the water detailed review by Nyffeler & Pusey 2014) . surface (pers . obs, RJR) and both have taken, as prey, the Cane Toad (Rhinella marina) as This is not a comprehensive revision, as it does well as native Australian frogs . In Tasmania, a not