CENSUS, 1951 RAJASTHAN -AND AJMER DISTRICT CENSUS HANDBOOK TONK PART I-GENERAL DESCRIPTION AND CEISUS TABLES By Pt. YAMUNA LAL DASHORA, B.A.., LL.B., Superintendent of Census Operations, Rajasthan and Ajnler. JODHPUR: 1.8 PREFACE The Census Reports in olden times were printed one for the whole Province of Itaj­ putana and another for Ajmer-Merwara. Some of the Principal t-:tates now merged in :Bajaatla.n published their own reports. This time the State Census Reports have been published in the following volumes:- 1. Part I. A .. Report. 2. Part I--B Subsidiary Tables and District Index of N on-Agricultural Occupations. :l. Part I-C A ppendic"es. 4. Part Il-A .. Ceneral Population Tables, Household and Age Sample .Tables, Social and Cultural Tables, Table E Summary Figures by Administrative: Units, and Local' KA' Infirmities. 5. Part 11-11 .. Economic Tables. They contain statistics down to the district level. The idea of preparing the District Census Handbook separately for' each district was put forward by Shri R. A. Gopalaswami. 1. O. S., Registrar General, India, and &&·offtcio Census {'ommissioner of India, as part of a plan intended to secure an effective method of preserving the census records prepared for areas below the district level. He proposed that all the district census tables and census abstracts prepared during the process of sorting and compilation should be bound together in a single manuscript volume, called the District Census Handbook, and suggested to the State Governments that the Handbook (with or without the addition of other useful information relating to the district) should be printed and pub­ lished at their own cost in the same manner as the village statistics in the past. In accept­ ing. this suggestion, the Government of Rajasthan decided to print and publish the more important portion of statistical data relating to the district and to preserve the rest of the records in a manuBcript volume for any future use, to which they may be put. This Handbook contains five General Population Tables of A Series, three Economic Tables of B Series fi e Household and Age Tables of C Series, seven Social and Cultural Tables of D Series, one table [1~ g-:iving summary for the district and tehsils, a local table 'KA' showing infirmities by a e groups and an Index of ,~on-agdcultural Occupations. Each table contains an explanatory note necessary for the proper understanding of the figures. The numbers given to the table3 in this Handboo correspond to those given in State Census Reports.. Yillage ! )irectories were published for the first time in 1!)31 by a few States of Raj­ ]lutana. The example was followed by all the States in : 941. They contained for each village the population figures by religion and also ~ orne other useful information. They were bound in a volume one for each ~tate. This tim.c the Village I Jirectories are also incorporeted in this Handbook under the name of "Primary ("ensus Abstract and Village Directory" which sho"\", the basic population figures separately for ("\ach vilJage or town-ward classified by livelihood claRses instead of religion and also some information of general nature. Opportunity has been taken to put in a short introductory note detailing the s~lient 'points connected with the distric-t, such as the physical features, climate, rainfall. irrigation and drainage facilities, roads and other communications, agriculture education, induRtries Bnd other matters of general interest. The information contained in the introductory note if; haRed on the mat,erial fnenished by ('lo11ectors of districts and Departments of Government. In addition to the above, some figures of general interest and arreview of populAtion fi,gnrf'-'; hnyC' alRo h€'f'n i rtcorporatC'(l. The scheduled date for the publication of the Handbooks as prescribed by the Regis­ trar General, India was, "Not later than March 1952" but practical experience ,¥tOW_ it. publication by that time an impracticability. Even the compilation of the t~bles ~er with its final touch could not be completed by that time. Then came the question of ptint4lc which proved to be a huge task. There 25 districts in Rajasthan and 1 in Ajmer. The t.otal num hp.r of printerl pa,ges t,urned out to he nearly 9.000. The Government Presses _were already over-burdened with the printing work of other departnlelltt5 aud ill the printing of Census Publications priority was given to Central Government Publications i. e. the State Census Reports. The rebult was that till March, 1954, for 14 out of 26 districts the P.:C. A. and Villa.ge Directory could not be printed especially because the press had no stock of mnall type which was essential for their printmg. I t was, therefore. decided to publish cthH 'Handbooks in two volumes Part I, consists of! ntroduction, h brief review of population figures and; 1. General Population Tables (A:-l to A--- V), 2. Economic Tables (B-1 to B-1II):o 3. Household and Age (Sample) Tables (0-1 to C-V), 4. Booml and Cultural Tables (D-I to D-Vll), 5. E-Summary figures by Administrative Cnits. 6. Local Table 'I{A' Infirmities, and 7. District Index of Non-Agricultural Occupations. Part II contains only Prill.ary Census Abstract and Village I'irectory. The Handbooks of the Ajlrer. Sirohi and Jhalawar Dis~ricts are however being published in one volume, because they have been completed hy this time. While every care has heen taken to ensure the correctness of figures and yillage names, certain mista.,,"es Ildght have crept in. I shaH be grateful if they are bro' ght to my notice, Y. L. Dashora LIST OF CONTENTS S. :"T O. Particulars Pages 1. Introduction .. I-XIII -) H.eview of Population ll'igures 1-7 ...) . Seheme of Census Tct.bles 8 L Definitions and Key to Symbols 9-10 . >. District Cen<.;11::; Da.ta. <1, t a Glance, 1951 II-IS f' ) . A-General Populaaon Tables-- A -- [. Area, Houses and Population 16 A- II. Varh,tion in Population dnring Fifty Years Hi A--III. Towns anrl Villages Ola:-isified by Population 16-17 A- IV. Towns Classified by Population with nlriation ~incc 1901 .. 18-19 A - V. '!'own"! arranged TerritoriaHy with populati(_ln hy Livelihood Clasf'Cs .. 20 7. B - Eco nomic Tabl e8- Explanatcry Notes 21-23 B-1. Livdihood CIn.sse,') and Sub-Classes 24-25 B- II. S(~condar'y rnea,ns of Livelihood 26-35 B -Ill. Employers, Empluyees H.l1d Indep_md{'ut 'Vorkerl-i in Intlu:-d ries and Sm:yjees 1,,)' Division::; aild Sub-divisions 36-53 R C' --lIousehold and. Age (Sample) Tables- c- r. Household (Size and Composition) 55 c- II. Livelihood Classes by Age Groups .. 56-57 (:--111. Age and Civil Condition 58-59 C - IV. Age and Literacy 60--61 C -- Y. Single Year Age ReturnR 62-65 U. D-Social and Oultu7'al Tables- D- L (i) Moth~r Tongue 66 (ii) Bilingualism 67 D- II. Religion 68 D -III. Soheduled Castes and Fk·hednled Trihes 68 D - IV. Migrants 69 D- V. (ii) Displaced person"! by Livelihood ClasseA 70 D-VI. Non-Indian Nationals 71 D-VII. Educational Standards 72-73 10. E -Summ'lry Figures by Administrative units 74-76 Ii. Loca'i (<!f)) Infirmities 77-79 12. Didrict Index of Non-Ag .... ioultural Oocupations 81-90 TONK: ])ISTRICT. INTRODUCTION. I PhYsical aspects. 1. The Tonk District is situated in the north-east of Rajasthan between' 25°-75' and 26°-50' north latitude and between 75° and 76°-25' east longitude. ( a) Position, Area and It has an area of 3,581'6 square miles according to the record Boundaries. of the Surveyor General for India. It is bounded on the north by Jaipur district (n the south by Bundi district, on the east by Sawaimadhopur district and on the ,ve'-t by Ajmer State. 2. The district is flat at a general elevation of about 900 feet from the sea level with outcrops of rocky hills ('overed ,vith scrub jungle, and traversed by (b) Configuration. the Banas rivf'r. The soil is some what sa,ndv but fertile and sub- soil ,vate-r is limited. Th.0re are ranges of hills scattered here and there in the district. A range of weH-,vooded hills passE's through the south-eastern corner of Aligarh tehsil. 3. The principal rivers of the district arE the Banas (hope of the forest), the Sadare and the Mashi. Tho Banas enters the district at RajmahaI, where (C) ltivers. there is a picturesque scenery, for enjoyjng which. a number of to~rists visit that place every year. Important villages situated on its bank.;;; are Rajmahal. Chhan, Mahawa, Arnia, Madwas, Galod and Kekraj ap 'well as the town of Tonk. Its bed is used for cultivation in some place8 ano. irrig::-tion is d.one by means of DahkIies. The Sa-dare has been dammed anCI. its flo,,' is checked to form. the Tor-di Sagar tank. 4. TorcH Sagar in Malpura tehsil, a fmv miles to the south of Malp'Ura town is an excellent in igation ,York, cOIllpleted in 1887 at a (d) Lakes. cos't of 5 Iakhs; this tank, ,vhell fnll, covers an area of over 6 square miles and ean irrigate about 27 square n1.iles. 5. The rocks of tbis, district consist for the most pal t of schists belonging to the Aravalli system. The next stra ta of the plain area is Jhajhra kankar (e) Geology. throughout the district. Mica is fouIJd every where 'in the district. Good building stone is found at Toda Raisingh.