Proceedings Contents ASSAM WATER CONFERENCE - 2013 n Preface MANAGEMENT OF WATER RESOURCES IN NORTH EAST n Foreword 1. Sizing of Kulsi Reservoir System Using Non-Linear Optimization and Simulation REGION WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO FLOOD AND Dr. Bibhash Sarma, Krishna Kamal Das, N.N. Patwari 1 EROSION MANAGEMENT 2. Land & Water Management in the Flood Affected Areas of Assam: A Case Study in Dharmtul — Nelli Area under Morigaon District, Assam Jiten Malakar 14 3. Management of Water Resources of the North East Region with Special Reference to Assam Er. Ramesh Ch. Borah 30 4. River Bank Erosion Management in Assam Sri Uma Baruah, Dr. Rajib Kumar Goswami 41 5. GEO Tube Embankments-Challenges Before the Engineers-A Case Study Er. Nayanjyoti Goswami 57 Proceedings of the 6. Operational Flood Early Warning System (FLEWS) - A geospatial and hydro-met approach as developed by NESAC for Government of Assam Assam Water Conference - 2013 Diganta Barman, S.S Kundu, Jonali Goswami, Ranjit Das, NGR Singh, Arup Borgohain, 21-22 February, 2013 Rekha Bharali Gogoi, Victor Saikhom, Suranjana B Bora, S. Sudhakar 61 7. The Study of Water Uses Based on Water Quality of the River Brahmaputra, Assam Dhwajendra Nath Das 67 8. Infiltration Studies in Kulsi Pilot Basin (Assam/Meghalaya) Under Different Landuse and Soil Types for Efficient Management of Groundwater for Irrigation Purpose S.R. Kumar, S. Chakma 78 9. Water Quality Indices to Ensure the Suitability of Groundwater for Irrigation S.R. Kumar 85 Editors Haren Kakati 10. Hydro Electric Power Generation in Irrigation Canals Kamal Ch. Saikia 93 Pradipta Pran Changkakati 11. Some Aspects of the Institutional Strengthening Component : AIFRERMIP Ranjit Galappatti 102 12. Model Deflector as Safety Measure to Embankment system of Flashy River Er. Utpal Majumdar 110 13. Basin level integrated water resources management (IWRM) and eco-system management-A strategy to respond to climate change S. C. Patra 120 Organised by 14. A Study on the Change Detection of Land Use/Land Cover of the Majuli Island of Assam Water Resources Department Swapnali Barman, M.K.Dutta, S.P. Aggarwal 129 Government of Assam 15. Brahmaputra Basin: Some thoughts on Development and Management of its Water Resource Dispur, Guwahati-781006 Chandan Mahanta 139 16. Need of Integrated Approach for Mitigating Flood and Erosion Problem of Assam Arup Kumar Sarma 152 Proceedings Proceedings ASSAM WATER CONFERENCE - 2013 ASSAM WATER CONFERENCE - 2013 unique set of physical conditions to which it must conform, hence standard design leading to simple solutions applicable to all the projects are rarely available. The special conditions of Sizing of Kulsi Reservoir System Using each project must be met through an integrated application of the fundamental knowledge of the various disciplines. One of the areas of civil engineering which really pioneered the use of optimization techniques Non-Linear Optimization and Simulation in water resources systems planning, design, operation and management. Optimization tools Dr. Bibhash Sarma are utilized to facilitate optimal decision making in the planning, design and operation of especially Associate Professor large scale water resources systems. The use of optimization tools as the most important Assam Engineering College component of Decision Support Systems are not confined only to the quantity aspect of water. Designing of optimal strategies for reservoir releases for water quality augmentation, or Krishna Kamal Das N.N. Patwari maximizing hydropower generation, irrigation, water supply etc. are only a few examples of Lecturer, Bongaigaon Polytechnic Professor, Assam Engineering College using optimization tools for evolving economically efficient management strategies. Application of optimization techniques are most exciting, challenging and truly large scale ABSTRACT when it comes to the management of water resources systems both in terms of quality and Water has great contribution towards the development of human civilization. Rapid quantity. The economics involved with large scale water resources projects are indeed very development in human civilization raises the need for the immediate development of water complex as it influences the life and future of many sections of the society and different resources. The application of optimization techniques to reservoir operation has become a geographical regions in different ways. major focus of water resources planning and management. Water use involves a large number In real life, most of the water resources optimization problems involve con?icting objectives, of stakeholders with different objectives, and optimization techniques are expected to provide for which there is no efficient method for ?nding multiple trade-off optimal solutions. Most of the balanced solutions between often conflicting objectives. The paper proposes an avenue for reservoir systems serve multiple purposes and they are multi-objective in nature. To optimize changing traditional reservoir operation into optimized strategies, taking advantage of the such a complex reservoir system, the dynamic programming (DP), linear programming (LP) rapid development in computational techniques. The main contribution of the paper is the and non-linear programming (NLP) have been widely applied in the past (Yeh, 1985). development of a framework in which a simulation model is coupled with non linear optimization technique using MS Excel solver which is easily available and can be easily utilized by field Hydropower generation is one of the vital components of reservoir operation, especially for a large multi-purpose reservoir. Deriving optimal operational rules for such a large multi- engineers for reservoir planning in their practical field. Ecological, irrigation and hydropower purpose reservoir serving various purposes like irrigation, hydropower and flood control are demands are considered in this model. complex, because of the large dimension of the problem and the complexity is more if the Key words: Non-Linear Programming, Simulation, Reliability, Reservoir Planning hydropower production is not an incidental. Thus optimizing the operations of a reservoir 1. Introduction serving various purposes requires a systematic study. In a recent study, such a large multi- purpose reservoir, namely, Koyna reservoir operations (R.Arunkumar, V.Jothiprakash, 2012) Water is the most essential substance for survival of life on the earth. As demand for water are optimized for maximizing the hydropower production subject to the condition of satisfying is increasing day by day due to the increase in population, the engineers and planners have the irrigation demands using a non-linear programming model. The hydropower production been compelled to plan in more comprehensive and ambitious way to meet up the demand. from the reservoir is analyzed for three different dependable inflow conditions, representing Water has contributed greatly towards development of human civilization. Rapid development wet, normal and dry years. For each dependable inflow conditions, various scenarios have in human civilization raises the need for the immediate development of water resources. The been analyzed based on the constraints on the releases and the results are compared. The conservation and efficient use of water are the main elements in the planning. In India, the annual power production, combined monthly power production from all the powerhouses, rainfall normally comes during monsoon season and is unevenly distributed over space and end of month storage levels, evaporation losses and surplus are discussed. From different time. So it is very important to utilize the limited water resources in an efficient & sustainable scenarios, it is observed that more hydropower can be generated for various dependable manner. inflow conditions, if the restrictions on releases are slightly relaxed. The development of water resources involves the conception, planning, design, construction Aiming at the problem that traditional optimal operation of hydropower reservoir pays little and operation of facilities to control and utilize water. Water resources problems are attention to ecology, an optimal operation model of multi-objective hydropower reservoir with interdisciplinary in nature. Further each water resources development project encounter a ecology consideration is established which combines the ecology and power generation 1 2 Proceedings Proceedings ASSAM WATER CONFERENCE - 2013 ASSAM WATER CONFERENCE - 2013 (Xuewen Wu et al, 2011). The model takes the maximum annual power generation benefit, flow; quadratic programming; dynamic programming (DP); nonlinear programming (NLP); the maximum output of the minimal output stage in the year and the minimum shortage of mixed integer linear programming (MILP); interior point method; and simulation. During the ecological water demand as objectives, and water quantity balance of reservoir, reservoir past decade, major advances in the development of software tools (solvers) are witnessed storage, discharge flow, output and so on as constraints. for solving large-scale linear and nonlinear optimization problems. Most of the solvers are Optimization methods have been proved of much importance when used with simulation available commercially and are user friendly. Accompanied by the drastic increase in modeling and the two approaches when combined give the best results. (Deepti Rani et.al, computational power it is now possible to solve large-scale optimization problems on a desktop 2010)