Protistology Klaus Hausmann Norbert Hiilsmann Renate Radek with contributions by Hans Machemer Maria Mulisch Giinther Steinbriick with 384 figures and 22 tables 3rd completely revised edition E. Schweizerbart'sche Verlagsbuchhandlung Berlin • Stuttgart • 2003 Contents From the Preface to the Second Edition VIII Morphogenesis and Reproduction 256 Preface to the Third Edition IX Facultative Changes in Cellular Morphology 256 Cyclical Changes in Morphology 259 Part I Introduction and Overview 1 Cell Division 262 Definitions and History of Nomenclature 1 Pattern Formation in Ciliates 266 Historical Overview of Protistological Research 4 Molecular Biology 272 Cellular Organization of Protists 13 Variant Surface Glycoproteins (VSGs) of Membranes and Compartments 13 Trypanosomes 272 Microfilaments and Microtubules 22 Kinetoplast DNA Networks and RNA Shape and Size of Protists 27 Editing 274 Molecular Peculiarities of Ciliates 276 Molecular Immune Escape of Malaria Part II Evolution and Taxonomy 30 Parasites 281 Evolution of Unicellular Eukaryotes 30 Genome Projects in Protists: from Genomics Development of Classification Systems 36 to Proteomics 282 System of Protists 44 (for details see pages VI + VII) Behavior of Protists 284 Definition of Terms 285 Habituation and Related Time-dependent Part III Selected Topics of General Phenomena 286 Protistology 180 Behavioral Responses 286 Comparative Morphology and Physiology of Protists 180 Ecology of Protists 296 Skeletal Elements 180 Factors Influencing Holdfast Organelles 185 Distribution 296 Extrusomes 187 Aquatic Biocoenoses and Habitats 307 Penetration Apparatuses 198 Terrestrial Biocoenoses and Habitats 312 Contractile Vacuoles 199 Symbiosis and Parasitism, 313 Motility 205 Biodiversity and Biogeography of Ingestion, Digestion, and Defecation 222 Protists 323 Nuclei and Sexual Reproduction 241 Structure and Function of Nuclei 241 Glossary 330 Roles of Micronucleus and Macronucleus in the Life Cycle of Ciliates 243 Bibliography 342 The Nucleus during the Cell Cycle 243 Index 355.