Advances in Economics, Business and Management Research, volume 113 Factors of Regional Extensive Development (FRED 2019) Improvement of the Mechanisms of Samara-Tolyatti Agglomeration as a Factor for the Development of Samara Region's Economy The Environmental Aspect E. V. Lebedeva E. V. Bulankina Samara State Agrarian University Samara State Agrarian University Kinel, Russia Kinel, Russia [email protected] R. S. Astashkina Samara State Agrarian University Kinel, Russia Abstract— The article considers the state regional direction is one of the most important areas to regulate the environmental policy as a mechanism for the development of development of modern agglomerations, which brings together Samara- Tolyatti agglomeration. Based on the analysis of the the efforts and finances of state and municipal levels and gain implementation of the environmental action plan for the significant synergy effect for the conservation of natural direction of development of Samara- Tolyatti agglomeration the resources [6]. Ease of Use authors make conclusion about the degree of the results’ importance for the conservation of Samara region's natural resources. At the same time, the authors indicate that the II. MATERIALS AND METHODS environmental aspect incorporated in the planning documents Samara-Tolyatti agglomeration is one of the largest urban for the development of the agglomeration is not of an agglomerations of the Russian Federation – in terms of agglomerative nature. population (about 2.7 million inhabitants; 85.5% of Samara region population), it ranks third in the country after Moscow Keywords—Samara; agglomeration; urban territory; ecological and St. Petersburg agglomerations. Agglomeration is located aspect; regional development in the central and western parts of Samara region mainly on the left bank of the Volga in the territory of 8 urban districts I. INTRODUCTION and 9 municipal districts [7]. In the modern structure of the In the modern world, the main forms of modern population Samara- Tolyatti agglomeration, it is customary to distinguish settlement are agglomerations – territorially united compact two main cores – Samara and Tolyatti, around which groups of settlements that have developed production, cultural agglomeration develops, and one more – Syzran. and recreational ties. The development of agglomerations is a The process of forming an agglomeration in the Samara natural process of unification of the periphery around large region entered an active phase at the beginning of the 20th cities and natural manifestation of the process of urbanization century, when enterprises and settlements with regular labor [1, 2, 3]. and sociocultural connections began to develop around This process, entailing dramatic change in the Samara. The development of the towns of the Samara region demographic, socio-economic moreover, cultural character, was influenced by the processes of urbanization and includes a pronounced environmental aspect; the rapid growth industrialization, which led to the rapid growth of both Samara of cities, increasing the number of populations, the and other towns of the region and the increase in their development of production and technologies leads to population. environmental problems, among of which growing importance In the second half of the 20th century, the region’s acquire pollution of water, land and air. settlement structure was supplemented by the location of a In modern conditions, the development of agglomerations large city of Togliatti between Samara and Syzran. Its rapid is a subject to careful regulation by the state and regional growth and the corresponding development of transport authorities to extract the greatest profits from this process, infrastructure led to the transition from a monocentric to a both economic and socio-cultural ones [4, 5]. Ecological polycentric structure of the agglomeration and the Copyright © 2020 The Authors. Published by Atlantis Press SARL. This is an open access article distributed under the CC BY-NC 4.0 license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) 459 Advances in Economics, Business and Management Research, volume 113 intensification of connections between towns over a space of responsible for the implementation of environmental policy in more than 150 km (from Syzran to Samara). the framework of the action plan for the development of Samara- Tolyatti agglomeration.. The result of the development of the Samara-Togliatti agglomeration by the beginning of the 21th century was the formation of three large centers with high economic and III. RESULTS demographic potential (Samara, Togliatti and Syzran), At the first, planning and organizational, stage of forming satellite zones around themselves (Novokuybyshevsk, development of the Samara-Togliatti agglomeration, Kinel, Chapaevsk, Zhigulevsk, Oktyabrsk) and the periphery considerable work was done in the region to develop strategic (municipal areas). At the same time, the planning structure of documents for the development of the agglomeration, which the agglomeration still includes a large number of rural was of great practical importance, since earlier the study of settlements of various degrees of population density. agglomerations had mainly town-territorial orientation. In The most important feature of the territorial structure of connection with the design of the state agglomeration policy, Samara-Tolyatti agglomeration is high concentration of the the task arose of developing a conceptual and strategic basis population in the core of agglomeration and the presence of for the development of Russian agglomerations. significant “non-urbanized” territories between cities; a Two documents were developed in the Samara Region that significant extent of agglomeration along the Volga , the determine the strategic prospects for the development of the presence in the geographic center specially protected natural Samara-Togliatti agglomeration. territories of federal significance (Zhiguli National Conservation Area and Samarskaya Luka National Park) and The first one – the draft concept of the program “Socio- specially protected territories of regional significance [8]. economic development of the Samara-Togliatti agglomeration for 2014-2018” – was developed by OOO “Strategic Partners Since 2013, in Samara region, agglomeration processes Group” under the instructions of the Government of the have been accepted into the system of state socio-economic Samara region as part of the preparation of the draft Strategy regulation development; Samara-Tolyatti agglomeration is for improving the competitiveness of the Samara region until included in the number of pilot regions to develop 2030 based on long-term development strategies of Samara mechanisms for managing Russian agglomerations [9]. To and Togliatti. A long-term (until 2035) vision of the conduct a comprehensive regional policy, a coordination development of the agglomeration was formed in the project, council has been created, which includes the heads of 17 its key growth points and development directions were municipalities, the heads of regional specialized ministries, identified. The project was based on the development of two representatives of the administration of the Governor of main cores of the agglomeration, the formation of linking Samara region and the Samara Provincial Duma. infrastructure and the development of production To improve the efficiency of the management of the infrastructure, the design of an effective management system development of the Samara-Tolyatti agglomeration in 2014, and coordination of the development of the agglomeration. A the interagency working groups and advisory councils were feature of this project is the reflection of the position, first of created at the Coordination Council: an advisory council in the all, of the government at the federal and regional levels, aimed field of urban planning of the territory, an interdepartmental at improving the competitiveness of the Samara region. working group on land policy in the agglomeration territory, Another project document that considers the prospects for and working groups on environmental policy and the the development of the agglomeration, “The development development of proposals for the renovation of industrial sites strategy of the Samara-Togliatti agglomeration,” was and the removal of industrial facilities from the central parts of developed by a group of international and Russian experts on urban districts within the agglomeration. territorial and city planning on the initiative of representatives Currently, the development of Samara-Tolyatti of the region’s business community. The “Development agglomeration is carried out in accordance with the action plan Strategy of the Samara-Togliatti Agglomeration” was (“road map”) for the development of Samara- Tolyatti distinguished by its special attention to those aspects that were agglomeration, which includes 7 directions: 1. Development hardly reflected in the regional level project: environment, of the agglomeration management system; 2. Strategic and landscape, urban structure. The strategy included the creation territorial planning of agglomeration development; regulation of an ecologically oriented industrial center of the of land relations on its territory; 3. Development of the agglomeration, landscape improvement of the agglomeration transport and logistics complex; 4. Development of production territory, the development of a population mobility system infrastructure; 5. Tourism development;