Local Public Markets: the empirical evidence on their quantity and quality in Arusha, Tanzania By Furaha Germain Abwe March 2020 Table of Contents 1.Introduction ................................................................................................................................ 7 2. Purpose of the Study and Methodology .................................................................................. 10 2.1. Purpose of the study ............................................................................................................... 10 2.2. Methodology ............................................................................................................................. 10 3. Research Findings .................................................................................................................. 12 3.1. Review of Tanzania Urban Policies that impact on local public markets ........................ 12 3.1.1. The Local Government (Urban Authorities) Act No.8 of 1982 .................................. 13 3.1.2. The Human Settlements Policy of 2000 ....................................................................... 13 3.1.3. The Land Use Planning Act No 10 of 2007 ................................................................. 14 3.1.4. The Urban Planning Act No 8 of 2007 ......................................................................... 15 3.1.5. The Public Health Act No.1 of 2009 ............................................................................. 16 3.1.6. By-laws for environmental protection of the city of Arusha ....................................... 17 3.2. Market Availability ................................................................................................................... 17 3.2.1. Location of identified local public markets in Arusha ................................................. 17 3.2.2. Formal covered markets ................................................................................................. 22 3.2.3. Formal uncovered markets ............................................................................................ 24 3.2.4. Informal Uncovered markets .......................................................................................... 25 3.2.5. Temporary or evening market ....................................................................................... 25 3.3. Market Quality .......................................................................................................................... 26 3.3.1. Types of markets ............................................................................................................. 27 3.3.2. Market Structures and Access ...................................................................................... 27 3.3.3. Investment in improving markets .................................................................................. 28 3.3.4. Cycle ways, Sidewalks to and inside the markets ...................................................... 28 3.3.5. Bus stop ............................................................................................................................ 28 3.3.6. Delivery of goods to markets and parking spaces ...................................................... 28 3.3.7. Accessibility: Entrance to the market ........................................................................... 29 3.3.8. Comfort ............................................................................................................................. 29 3.3.9. Garbage disposal ............................................................................................................ 30 3.3.10. Public toilets and Water taps ..................................................................................... 30 3.3.11. Seating facilities and Signage ................................................................................... 30 2 3.3.12. Products ........................................................................................................................ 30 3.3.13. Produce ......................................................................................................................... 30 3.3.14. Safety: general safety and lighting in the markets .................................................. 31 3.3.15. Drainage ....................................................................................................................... 31 3.3.16. Fire or emergency exists and Security personnel .................................................. 32 3.3.17. Market users ................................................................................................................ 32 3.4. Market Users’ Perceptions ..................................................................................................... 32 3.4.1. Age and gender of market users ................................................................................... 32 3.4.2. Market closeness to users’ residences ........................................................................ 33 3.4.3. Means of transport to the market .................................................................................. 34 3.4.4. Motivation for visiting market ......................................................................................... 34 3.4.5. Frequency of visiting market .......................................................................................... 35 3.4.6. Products bought .............................................................................................................. 35 3.4.7. Desired improvements .................................................................................................... 36 3.5. Market Vendors’ Survey ......................................................................................................... 36 3.5.1. Items or products sold .................................................................................................... 36 3.5.2. Where items are purchased ........................................................................................... 37 3.5.3. Distance travelled with products ................................................................................... 38 3.5.4. Rental fees for stalls ....................................................................................................... 39 3.5.5. Types of customers ......................................................................................................... 39 3.5.6. Capital, expenses and sales .......................................................................................... 40 3.5.7. Household income .......................................................................................................... 40 3.5.8. Children spaces in the market ....................................................................................... 42 3.6. Market Managers’ Survey ...................................................................................................... 42 3.6.1. Market opening hours, ownership, and management ................................................ 42 3.6.2. Number of vendors and Stalls ....................................................................................... 42 3.6.3. Waste management and Utilities .................................................................................. 42 3.6.4. Security and other Services to Vendors ....................................................................... 43 3.6.5. Activities within the market ............................................................................................. 43 3.6.6. Rates for Stalls ................................................................................................................ 43 3 4.Discussions of Key Findings, Recommendations and Concluding Remarks .......................... 44 4.1. Discussions of Key Findings and Recommendations ........................................................ 44 4.1.1. Urban Policy Review: Is there a missing ingredient? ........................................................ 44 4.1.2. Market Availability ............................................................................................................. 45 4.1.3. Market Quality ................................................................................................................... 46 Physical Structures ..................................................................................................................... 46 Transportation and Deliveries ..................................................................................................... 47 Health and Safety ....................................................................................................................... 48 4.1.4. Market Operations ............................................................................................................ 49 4.1.5 Supports for Vendors ......................................................................................................... 50 4.1.6. Markets as public spaces ................................................................................................. 51 4.2. Recommendations ............................................................................................................... 51 4.2.1. Policy ................................................................................................................................ 51 Address the