Environmental Impact Assessment Addendum 1 Update of Environmental Impact Assessment Section 2: Kobuleti Bypass Road (km 12–31) Loans 2560 and 2843-GEO September 2014 GEO: Road Corridor Investment Program Prepared by Roads Department, Ministry of Regional Development and Infrastructure of Georgia for the Asian Development Bank. This is an updated version posted in August 2009 available on http://www.adb.org/projects/documents/subregional-road-corridors-development- program. This environmental impact assessment is a document of the borrower. The views expressed herein do not necessarily represent those of ADB's Board of Directors, Management, or staff, and may be preliminary in nature. Your attention is directed to the “terms of use” section of this website. In preparing any country program or strategy, financing any project, or by making any designation of or reference to a particular territory or geographic area in this document, the Asian Development Bank does not intend to make any judgments as to the legal or other status of any territory or area. MINISTRY OF REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT AND INFRASTRUCTURE OF GEORGIA ROADS DEPARTMENT Road Corridor Investment Program Kobuleti Bypass Road, Kobuleti-Batumi Section and Batumi Bypass Road Design Project Adendum 1 UPDATE OF ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT Section 2 : Kobuleti Bypass Road (km 12-311) 2014 1 Realignment made in Section 2 for the road section km 16-18 Table of Contents LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS V 1 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 1 1.1 Introduction 1 1.2 Project Description 2 1.3 Baseline Environment 4 1.4 Anticipated Environmental Impacts and Mitigation Measures 6 1.5 Alternatives 7 1.6 Public Consultation and Information Disclosure 7 1.6.1 Consultations to Date 7 1.6.2 Disclosure of Documents 7 1.7 Environmental Management Plan 8 1.8 Conclusions and Recommendations 9 2 LEGISLATION and ENVIRONMENTALPOLICY of GEORGIAa 11 2.1 Environmental requirements of Asian Development Bank (ADB) 12 2.1.1. Harmonization of requirements of ADB and Government 12 3 DESCRIPTION OF THE PROJECT 15 3.1 Overview 15 3.2 Purpose of the Study 15 3.3 Location 17 3.4 Key Project Components 17 3.5 Description of Road Alignment 18 3.6 Project Designs 18 3.6.1 Traffic Volume 18 3.6.2 Road Design 20 3.6.3 Bridges and Overpasses 22 3.6.4 Interchanges 23 3.6.5 Culverts 23 3.7 Volume of Civil Works 24 3.8 Quarries and Borrow Sites 24 3.9 Construction Camps 26 3.10 Construction Process 26 3.11 Project Costs 27 3.12 Implementation Schedule 27 4 DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT 28 4.1 Physical Resources 29 4.1.1 Climate 29 4.1.2 Topography and Landscape 31 4.1.3 Geomorphology 32 4.1.4 Geodynamic process 35 4.1.5 Geological Hazards of the Project Area 36 4.1.6 Hydrology 39 4.2 Biological Resources 41 4.2.1 Flora 42 4.2.2 Fauna 43 4.2.3 Bird migration routes across project area 47 4.2.4 Protected Areas 49 4.3 Environmental Quality 49 i 4.3.1 Surface Water Quality 50 4.3.2 Groundwater Quality 51 4.3.3 Noise Quality 52 4.3.4 Air Quality 55 4.3.5 Soil Quality 56 4.4 Social, Economic and Cultural Resources 57 4.4.1 Population and Communities 57 4.4.2 Industries and Infrastructure 57 4.4.3 Transportation 60 4.4.4 Cultural Resources and Archaeological Sites 62 4.4.5 Land Use 62 4.4.6 Socioeconomic Conditions 63 5 ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES 67 5.1 Approach to Screening of Environmental Impacts 67 5.2 Project Related Significant Impacts 69 5.2.1 Pre-construction Stage 69 5.2.1.1 Impact on Land 69 5.2.1.2 Impact on the Households 70 5.2.1.3 Impact on the Trees 71 5.2.1.4 Impact on Crops 73 5.2.1.5 Impact on Buildings and Structures 73 5.2.1.6 Impact on Business and Employment 74 5.2.1.7 Comparison of Resettlement Framework 74 5.2.2 Construction Stage 77 5.2.2.1 Geo-hazards 77 5.2.2.2 Soils and Materials 79 5.2.2.3 Spoils and Wastes 81 5.2.2.4 Fuel and Hazardous Materials Storage Sites 82 5.2.2.5 Water 83 5.2.2.6 Air Quality 83 5.2.2.7 Noise and Vibration 84 5.2.2.8 Impact associated with Tunnel Construction 84 5.2.2.9 Construction Camps 84 5.2.2.10 Community Impacts 85 5.2.2.11 Health, Safety and Hygiene 85 5.2.2.12 Cultural Resources and Archeological Sites 86 5.2.2.13 Utilities 86 5.2.2.14 Ecological Environment 87 5.2.3 Operation Stage 89 5.2.3.1 Water 89 5.2.3.2 Air Quality 89 5.2.3.3 Noise and Vibration 90 5.2.3.4 Impacts on Ecological Environment 90 5.2.3.5 Impacts on Community 90 5.3 Spill Contingency Plan 91 5.4 Road Safety Measures 91 5.5 Preliminary assessment of Impact of Climate Change 91 5.6 Cumulative Impacts 94 6 ALTERNATIVES 95 6.1 Overview 95 ii 6.2 ‘Without Project’ Alternative 95 6.3 Alternate Analysis in Feasibility Study 95 6.4 A 6.4.1 Improvement of Project Route of Feasibility Study Stage 95 6.4.2 Study of Alternative Alignment 96 6.5 Selection of Design and Construction Standards 97 7 INFORMATION DISCLOSURE, CONSULTATION AND PARTICIPATION 98 7.1 Consultations during Feasibility Study 98 7.2 Consultations during Detailed Design Stage – Kobuleti Bypass Road 101 7.3 Proposed Consultation and Disclosure Plan 105 7.3.1 Disclosure of documents 105 8 GRIEVANCE REDRESS MECHANISM 106 8.1 Objective 106 8.2 Grievance Mechanism for Environmental Issues 106 8.2.1 Type of Grievance 106 8.2.2 Composition of GRC 106 8.2.3 Procedures for Filing GRC Cases 107 8.2.4 Grievance Review Process 108 8.3 Grievance Mechanism for Social Issues 109 9 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN 112 9.1 Guiding Principles of EMP 112 9.1.1 Methodology 112 9.2 Mitigating/Protecting/Compensating Measures 113 9.3 Monitoring Mechanism 113 9.3.1 Monitoring Schedule and Performance Indicator 114 9.4 Budget Estimates 115 9.5 Institutional Framework for Implementation of EMP 116 9.6 Mechanism of reporting and Considering of Direction 116 9.7 Environmental Code 117 9.8 Resettlement Action Plan 135 9.9 Outline of Territory Restoration Plan 135 9.10 Safety and Emergency Response 135 9.11 Reports of Implementation of EMP 136 9.12 Adaptation of EMP during Implementation 137 9.13 Institutional Strengthening and Capacity Building 137 10 CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS 139 iii Annexes : Annex 3.5 Detail layout of the road alignment Annex 3.6 Bill of Quantities of Civil works Annex 4-1 Represents Environmental Study Area Annex 4.2 Geological hazards Map Annex 4.4 Integrated Ecological Report Annex 4.5 Ichtyofauna Report Annex 9.1 Environmental Code of Practices (ECP) Annex 9-2 Roles and Responsibilities - EMMP iv 1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 1.1 Introduction The 121 km existing Senaki-Poti–Sarpi road (S-2) along the western coast of Georgia is a key highway and international transit route in Georgia. It is connected to the major Black Sea ports of Georgia, viz. Batumi and Poti, and a number of holiday resorts, particularly, Kobuleti and Batumi. The road runs through heavily built up tourist and residential areas and provides poor road and travel conditions, especially for international transit traffic which has to mix with the dense urban traffic passing through narrow streets. At present a significant volume of international transportation is carried on the Batumi-Poti section of the road amounting to 1.0 million tons annually (2005), with 0.5 million tons on the Batumi-Sarpi section. This mix of heavy traffic on the existing road combined with poor road conditions leads to traffic congestion, dangerous driving situations and frequent traffic accidents, particularly in Batumi and Kobuleti and especially during the tourist season in summer. Hence the government is planning to construct bypass roads to Kobuleti and Batumi (the Project) with finance of Asian Development Bank (ADB). Ministry of Regional Development and Infrastructure (MORDI) is the executing agency of the Project and Roads Department (RD) under the ministry is the implementing agency. A pre-feasibility and feasibility study were carried out for the Project in 2005 and 2009. The proposed bypass roads will reduce the traffic congestion and accidents, increase the generated traffic in the existing road, and reduce travel time and vehicle operating costs. Demand for variation of the subject section has been arisen due to the advantage of the change in the urban development plan of the local municipality regarding location of the landfill site. During development of the original detail design, the route followed the one recommended and approved by the project Feasibility Study. Though, having regarded the newly introduced municipal development plan, the design route in this section forcefully bypassed the site of the planned landfill area, thus entailing increased length of the section. Taking advantage of the new conditions (landfill construction project in this area is cancelled), this design variation aims for significant savings in the road construction investment and improved geometry of the design road within the section of km16,5-km18,86(end of the Kobuleti bypass road, lot 2). The designer has surveyed all the feasible options of the variation in order to undertake comparison analysis and recommend the most preferable route.