FEWS NET Mali Enhanced Market Analysis 2019 MALI ENHANCED MARKET ANALYSIS JUNE 2019 This publication was produced for review by the United States Agency for International Development. It was prepared by Chemonics International Inc. for the Famine Early Warning Systems Network (FEWS NET), contract number AID-OAA-I-12-00006. The authors’Famine views Early expressed Warning inSystem this publications Network do not necessarily reflect the views of the 1 United States Agency for International Development or the United States government. FEWS NET Mali Enhanced Market Analysis 2019 About FEWS NET Created in response to the 1984 famines in East and West Africa, the Famine Early Warning Systems Network (FEWS NET) provides early warning and integrated, forward-looking analysis of the many factors that contribute to food insecurity. FEWS NET aims to inform decision makers and contribute to their emergency response planning; support partners in conducting early warning analysis and forecasting; and provide technical assistance to partner-led initiatives. To learn more about the FEWS NET project, please visit www.fews.net. Disclaimer This publication was prepared under the United States Agency for International Development Famine Early Warning Systems Network (FEWS NET) Indefinite Quantity Contract, AID-OAA-I-12-00006. The authors’ views expressed in this publication do not necessarily reflect the views of the United States Agency for International Development or the United States government. Acknowledgments FEWS NET gratefully acknowledges the network of partners in Mali who contributed their time, analysis, and data to make this report possible. Recommended Citation FEWS NET. 2019. Mali Enhanced Market Analysis. Washington, DC: FEWS NET. Cover photos by FEWS NET. Famine Early Warning Systems Network ii FEWS NET Mali Enhanced Market Analysis 2019 Table of Contents Preface ........................................................................................................................................................................................ ix Executive Summary ..................................................................................................................................................................... 1 1. Introduction to the Assessment .......................................................................................................................................... 3 2. General Context in the AOI .................................................................................................................................................. 4 2.1 Geography and agroclimatology ........................................................................................................................................ 4 2.2 Socioeconomic context ...................................................................................................................................................... 4 2.3 Bourgou in local livelihoods ............................................................................................................................................... 6 2.4 Infrastructure and supporting services .............................................................................................................................. 7 2.5 Operating context .............................................................................................................................................................. 8 3. Market Context in the AOI ................................................................................................................................................... 9 3.1 Market structure ................................................................................................................................................................ 9 3.2 Market conduct................................................................................................................................................................ 12 3.3 Market performance ........................................................................................................................................................ 12 4. Food Assistance Context in the AOI ................................................................................................................................... 16 4.1 Food security context ...................................................................................................................................................... 16 4.2 Policy and programming context ..................................................................................................................................... 16 4.3 Overview of food assistance activities ............................................................................................................................. 18 4.4 Targeting .......................................................................................................................................................................... 19 4.5 Experience with food assistance modalities .................................................................................................................... 20 5. Considerations for Program Design ................................................................................................................................... 23 5.1 Operational context ......................................................................................................................................................... 23 5.2 Agroecological factors...................................................................................................................................................... 24 5.3 Social factors .................................................................................................................................................................... 24 5.4 Availability of infrastructure and services ....................................................................................................................... 24 5.5 National and Regional dynamics ...................................................................................................................................... 25 5.6 Food assistance context ................................................................................................................................................... 25 Annex 1. Methodology .............................................................................................................................................................. 28 Annex 2. Assessment Areas Visited ........................................................................................................................................... 31 Annex 3. Mali Livelihoods .......................................................................................................................................................... 33 Annex 4. National Market Overview .......................................................................................................................................... 53 Annex 5. Volumes Traded on Selected Markets of Mali EMA AOI ............................................................................................ 60 Annex 6. Cercle Level Production and Balance in Mali EMA AOI .............................................................................................. 69 Annex 7. Production Systems Challenges and Risks in Mali EMA AOI ....................................................................................... 77 Annex 8. Mali EMA AOI Market Overview ................................................................................................................................. 80 Annex 9. Mali EMA AOI Marketing Basins ................................................................................................................................. 85 Annex 10. Price Trends, Mali EMA AOI Reference Markets ...................................................................................................... 92 Annex 11. Price Correlation, Mali EMA AOI Reference Markets ............................................................................................... 96 References ............................................................................................................................................................................... 101 Famine Early Warning Systems Network iii FEWS NET Mali Enhanced Market Analysis 2019 List of Figures Figure 1. FEWS NET reporting countries ..................................................................................................................................... ix Figure 2. EMA Area of Interest .................................................................................................................................................... 1 Figure 3. EMA AOI and locations visited during the assessment ................................................................................................. 3 Figure 4. Mali landcover and use ................................................................................................................................................. 4 Figure 5. Primary income sources among poor households in central and northern Mali ......................................................... 5 Figure 6. Market dependence among poor households in AOI ..................................................................................................