Han Ruihui.; Sch. J. Arts. Humanit. Soc. Sci., January 2016; 4(1B):98-104 Scholars Journal of Arts, Humanities and Social Sciences ISSN 2347-5374 (Online) Sch. J. Arts Humanit. Soc. Sci. 2016; 4(1B):98-104 ISSN 2347-9493 (Print) ©Scholars Academic and Scientific Publishers (SAS Publishers) (An International Publisher for Academic and Scientific Resources) The Gambling Industry and Possibility for Macau to Develop the Diversified Industries Han Ruihui Humanities School, Jinan University, Zhuhai, Guangdong Province, China. *Corresponding Author: Han Ruihui Email: Abstract: The gambling industry has existed in Macau for more than 100 years. After 2002, when the gambling industry was opened to the foreign competition, the gambling industry developed with the speed faster than ever, and Macau has never depended on the gambling industry than now. The too much dependence on gambling industry causes some secret worries about Macau economy, social and economic problems. In 2014, the anti-corruption action became more violent. In such condition, the gambling industry of Macau was influenced greatly, and the economic situation deteriorated rapidly. Macau should develop other industries to eliminate the problems that has existed and keep the economic stability. Macau can develop the tourism as the important industry, because it has the foundation of tourism, besides, Las Vegas, which has also been a gambling city for a long time, provides the successful experience. Keywords: Macau; Gambling industry; Tourism industry; Las Vegas. INTRODUCTION casinos are Hong Kongese, Taiwanese and the people In 2014, on the 15th anniversary of the handover of come from the mainland. So the economy of China Macau, the president of China Xi Jinping delivered the mainland, Taiwan and Hong Kong influences Macau speech. “Reuters pointed out in the report that Xi profoundly. “From June of 2014， in five months, the Jinping expresses the message that Macau should not be rapid economic declination appeared. The range of confined to gambling industry explicitly. The central declination became wider by month. In October of government hopes we can develop the family 2014, the income of gambling industry would be entertainment industry, and suggests that Macau should expected to decrease by 20-23% compared to the adopt the new way of development, especially the income of the last October. That is the biggest industries of culture, sports and retail [1]. Macau has decreasing amplitude since the handover of Macau [2]. been the biggest gambling center, and the gambling industry has existed in Macau for more than 100 years. On the other side, the gambling industry caused After the handover of Macau in 1999, especially after some negative social problems in the spheres such as 2002, the gambling grew in the unprecedented speed, education. The income of working in the gambling and now it depends on the gambling industry industry is very high, and the students of the middle unprecedentedly. So the economy of Macau is very school would drop out and find the job in the gambling crisp, although the profit of the gambling industry is industry to enjoy the life earlier. The condition makes very huge. In 2014, the government of mainland began the human resource of Macau get much loss every year. the anti-corruption action; the economy of Macau was The rapid growth of gambling industry causes the crime influenced greatly. The GDP of Macau appeared the rate get higher, and most of them are involved in first decline since the gambling industry openness for economic crimes. Sometimes, the gambling has many the foreign competition in 2002. relations with the pornography and drug, and that caused the poverty, debt and turmoil. Macau is the important special administrative zone, which has great political and economic influence. Besides, gambling industry in Macau is also a After the handover, it became the important tourism place of black money laundry. Although Macau is the city, but of course, the main income of Macau is the biggest gambling center in the world and get a huge profit from gambling industry. Thousands of tourists go economic profit every year, it is also the place where is to Macau every day, and some of them would go to the the enabling environment for the Chinese foreign casinos. Most of the tourists are the people whose exchange flows out. The surroundings countries of mother language is Chinese. Most of the clients of the China began to legalize the gambling in recent years, Available Online: http://saspjournals.com/sjahss 98 Han Ruihui.; Sch. J. Arts. Humanit. Soc. Sci., January 2016; 4(1B):98-104 but they put many restrictions on gambling. Macau’s it also triggers many problems. Those implicit or gambling industry has got many restrictions, but it explicit social problems include the employment seems not enough because the negative effect of it still structure unbalance, the social conflict caused by the obvious to some extent. input of foreign workers, the impact on the youth education, the gambling community, the pathological That Macau became the gambling city is because gamblers and the environmental problems etc [6]. of many factors. One factor is the colonial history of Macau, when the Portugal-Macau government wanted There also some researchers believe that Macau to legalize the gambling. The mainly goal of the should develop other diversified industries. Macau can legalization of gambling is to enhance the income of the be developed as the world center of tourism and government, and the negative effect of it was ignored. entertainment, which could work as the commercial The economy frailty and negative effect urges Macau service platform of communication between European should eliminate the bad influence of gambling in the Union, Portuguese language countries, the mainland of future and develop other industries. China and the Zhujiang Delta Zone. At the same time, Hengqin can be a bond which connects Zhuhai, LITERATURE REVIEW Zhongshan ect. cities to compose the metropolitan area Searching in the CNKI with the key word “Macau that has the international competitiveness. Macau can Gambling”, one would find 312 papers. The first paper also develop the business and trade service, transport appeared in 1984, and the papers about Macau and financial industries. The development of Hengqing gambling increased by year until the papers about can provide Macau economic moderate diversity with Macau gambling amount to 26. That shows the interest new space [7]. about Macau gambling increased every year. But on the whole, there are still not enough papers about Macau The history and features of Macau gambling gambling in Chinese academic journals. industry The history of Macau gambling industry One research topic about Macau gambling is the The beginning of gambling industry in Macau had history about Macau gambling. “One country, two the relationship with the western countries economic systems” policy influenced Macau gambling very much, plunder in China before one hundred years ago. As the but Macau gambling exposed many problems that excellent port, Macau was the important treaty port, but cannot be ignored. To develop the diversified industries the situation changed after the Opium War. After the is necessary for Macau, and to keep the gambling Opium, China was forced to make Hong Kong as the industry of Macau function well is the vital task for treaty port. Macau as a treaty port declined because Macau economy [3]. The paper The history of Macau Hong Kong was more suitable as a port for its more Gambling Industry Liberation introduces the influence excellent natural environment. In order to attract the of liberation of gambling in 2002. There were three Chinese labors to work in the Europe and America, the companies, which were Sociedade de Jogos de Macao, Portuguese began to develop the gambling. After the WYNN and Galaxy Casino, get the right to open up the Opium War, many Chinese were bankrupted because of gambling casinos [4]. the opium consumption, so they want to change their fates on the gambling table. Derived by the economic Another research topic is the cultural trend of advantage, the Portugal-Macau government began to Macau gambling. The paper The New Trend of Macau legalize the gambling, and the measure accelerated the Gambling culture discusses the style of casios of gambling industry of Macau to a large extent. The Macau. The pursuit for the comfortable and healthful gambling was involved with the prostitution and the design and the diversity of the gambling patterns are drug etc., so at that time, the society of Macau was in also the new trend of Macau gambling industry. Such turmoil with the prostitution, drug and gangdom. trend is a way to the tourism industry [5]. In 1557, the Ming Dynasty approved the Another research topic is the negative effect and Portuguese set up the villages. At that time, many secret worry about Macau gambling industry. The western missionaries were active there, and then the typical papers is The Usury Crime of Macau Gambling, western merchants became more. Macau became the The Analysis of Macau Gambling Industry important fortified point. There were many groups in Development’s Social Problems, The Challenge and Macau, such as Japanese, Malaysia, Indian and Chinese. Countermeasures of Macau Human Resource Quality. The Portuguese lived on the hill and the other groups, Those papers believe that Macau economy is frail beside the hill. The groups conflicted with each other, because of the single big industry of gambling. The but most of the time, they coexisted harmoniously. young people do not care about the education because Until today, the groups of different nationalities have of the rapid progress of gambling industry. “The rapid good relationship and cooperation with each other, progress of Macau gambling industry brings about the which is the significant cultural spectacle in the world.