- United Nations Decade on Biodiversity Volume 11 (Part 3) Year 2011 s t e al urv y 0 o a of Zoo ogy z g ca vey a CIT. no Editor- Dinxtor. 20 II. Rec. =001. Sun: India. II (Part -2 ) : I ~ 97 (Published by the Dircchlr, /.00/ .\'un', india, Kolkala) Published - January. 2012 (Aprj)-June. 20 II Issu,c) © Governn1en( o.f India, 20 II ,AL RIGHTS RESERVED • No part of 'this pubUcatiion may be repr,oduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted, in any form or by ,any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying" recording or otherwise without the prior permission of the publisher. This book is sold subject to the condition that it shalll not, by way of trade, be lent, re·sold hired out or otherwise disposed of without the publisher's consent, lin any form of binding or covler other than that lin which it is published, • The correct price of this pubtication 's the price print-ed on this p,age. 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Sci,entistslNaturaHsts interested for any int:ormation on type sp des pres'ent in Zoological Survey of lndiamaycontact the Di,recto.r, Zoological Survey of India, 'M' Block New Alipore. Kolkata-700 053. Dr. K. V ENKATARAMAN Director Zoologic.al Survey of India A ' APPEAL In order to endch the "National Zoological Collection" (NZC) and to up date mfonnatlon on the occurrence and distribution of animal species in India Scientists/ Natura'lists and re~ , t:archers working on animal taxonomy/systemati,cs are r,equested to de'posit the,r Identified specimens to the Zoological Survey of Indi,aat the foHowing address; Officer-i'D-Charge, Identific.ation and Advisory Section, Zoological Surv,ey of India, 'M'-Block, New Alipore, Kolkata-700 053. These specimens will be fegistered and their data wiU be computerised. They , w ~e further requested t.o deposit their type collecti.on positively to ZSI ,and use the R,egistralion number ill their publication .of the new taxon. Dr.K. VENKATARJ\MAN Director Zoological Survey of India Rt!(, ::.(}ol. Sun'. India: 111(Part-3): 1-7,2012 DESCI~IPTION OF A NEW SPECIES OF THE LEECH FAMILY SALIFIDAE (ODONTOBDELLA KRISHNA SP. NOV.) FROM TIlE RIVER GANGA AT PATNA , BIHAR (INDIA) HASKO NESEMANN AND GOPAL SHARMA* Centre of Environmental Sciences, Central University of Bihar, BIT Campus, Patna-8000i4, Bihar, India E-mail: [email protected] *Zoological Survey of india, Gangetic Plains Regional Centre Patna-800016, Bihar, India E-mail: [email protected] INTRODUCfION them are insufficiently known only from the type locality The first discovery of large-sized erpobdellifonn or a few records (Moore 1927, Chandra 1983). At present leeches in the River Ganga in May 2010 has filled a gap seven genera with 31 described species and one w'ithin the South-Asian diversity and lead to the subspecies (Tab. 1) are worldwide regarded as members following description of a species new to science. of Salifidae (506s 1966, Sawyer 1986). The uncertain Leeches of the Family SaJifidae are benthic predators systematic position of two genera Scaptobde/la and in freshwaters of Africa, Asia and Australia in tropical, Dineta still awaits clarification, since no sty lets have "iubtropical to warm-temperate zones. Salifidae are been reported by their discovery (Blanchard 1897, forming together with the Holarctic family Erpobdellidae Goddard 1908, Oka 1926). Salifidae of the Oriental Region are listed by Sket & Trontelj (2008) with three genera the suborder ErpobdeHifonnes, having asymmetrically and nine species. so-ca lied "strepsilaemat" pharynx without true jaws; three pseudognatha are present as small fleshy folds. The anatomy of the pharynx and the arrangement Salifidae are fonnally characterized by the presence of of stylets is an important character to distinguish three pairs of needle shaped stylets, which distinguish different genera, which have similar external them from their sister group Erpobdellidae (Johansson, morphology (Hussein, Kinzelbach & EI-Shimy 1988). The pharynx, external annulation and genital system of It) 18). Both families are generally occupying similar ecological niches. The larger species usually reach a East and South Asian Salifidae were studied (Nesemann bndy length of> 10-15 cm or more with full extension 1995, Nesemann, Sharma & Sinha 2004, Nesemann et and they feed on other earthworm-like annelids, insect al., 2007). revealing higher diversity than previously larvae and even other leeches. Recent works of the known. Illdian Hirudinologists are including all hitherto known Thorough fieldwork was conducted in Nepal, Japan aquatic and terrestrial species (Chandra 1983, Mandai and India to discover and investigate living leeches 200-la-d, 2009, Bandyopadhyay & MandaI 2004). Till yet and to characterize their habitat specification. Thus <.111)' large Erpobdelliformes were unknown from India, Salifidae appear to be as highly diversified as Palearctic but already described from Eastern China (Yang, 1996). Erpobdellidae. Numerous regional species within the large territory of the family still await their discovery Brief Review of the Fam ily Salifidae and scientific description. The family Salifidae is comparatively poorly known, generic subdivision appears to be provisional as in MATERIAL AND METHODS Erpobdellidae (Sket & Trontelj, 2008). Although the The leech fauna of the River Ganga was investigated numerous taxa have been fornlally described, many of frequently along the right bank in the city of Patna. Keywords: Odontobdella, Salifidae, Hirudinea, India, first description, morphology, taxonomy. 2 Samples were collected qualitatively by hand or using Etymology : Krishna for occurrence from a hand net. Stones, bricks, shells of living molluscs Krishnaghat which is famous place h)r bathing and and valves of empty freshwater mussels were other religious activities. It refers to the name of Lord investigated; especially the subsurface near the bottom. Krishna. During lean season many predatory leeches were found Diagnosis: Large. n1uch elongate Salifidae with very in shallow water in aquatic habitats or amphibious in firm body consistence. Leech cylindrical interiorly: blunt the littoral zone of riverbank directly above the water's lateral fringes located in posterior region. Eyes are edge. Three specimens were usually relaxed in 150/0 lacking. The pharynx is strepsilaemat and triangular in ethanol and then transferred into 70% ethanol for cross-section, bearing three small ('.) prnhahly reduced) preservation. One specimen was directly preserved into stylets-pockets with each one pair of rudimentary styli 96% ethanol for biochemical analysis. present in pharynx, arranged in tandem. Body length of holotype : 77 ml1l length and 6 mm STUDY AREA width; diameter of caudal sucker 5 mm. Three Paratypes : The study area is the right (erosion-) bank of River 76 mm length, 7 mm width~ diameter of the caudal sucker Ganga along the city of Patna. It is located from 4.5 mm, 67 mm length, 7 mm width; diameter of the Mahendrughat in the West (25° 37' 19"N, 85° 09' 18" caudal sucker 5 mm, 53.0 mm length. 9.0 111m width; E) downstream to the Ruins of the Old Royal palace in diameter of the caudal sucker 5.0 mm. Annulation of the East (25° 3 7' 07" N, 85° 11 18 ": E. The research the mid-body somites is heteronomous with six annuli. was conducted from May 30th to 22nd August 2011 five of similar width, one ring is narrower than others: including frequent field observations. bi H" b2 H" a2 = b5 = cil > c12. Thus there are five wide rings, followed by one narrow ring on the anterior SYSTEMATIC ACCOUNTS part of the body. The total number of annuli per Phylum ANNELIDA segment increases by subdivision of all wider rings in Class HIRUDINEA the posterior region of the body. There are eleven annuli present on the dorsal side: [c 1 H" c2] = [c3 H" c4] = Order ARHYNCHOBDELLIDA [b3 H" b4] = [c9 H" cIO] = [d21 H" d22] > c12. The Suborder ERPOBDELLIFORMES clitellum's is not well marked in mature specimens, Family SALIFIDAE extending from x b5 - XIII a2. The male genital pore is Genus Odontobdella Oka, 1926 very large and prominently swollen, situated median on the first annulus of XII b 1; female pore in XII c 121 Species krishna sp. nov. XIII b 1. The distance between the genital pores is five Results: and one half annuli (112 b 1, b2, a2, b5, c 11, c 12). Odontobdella krishna sp. nov. The body surface is rough by numerous small (Figs. 1-13) papillae arranged in one row per annulus. Colour of Material Examined: Holotype (Figs. 9, 11) : India, dorsum yellow-brown, with numerous irregular dark Bihar, Patna, River Ganga, between Krishnaghat and brown spots on the anterior body. Colour of ventral Gandhighat, I-vi-2010, leg. Gopal Sharma and Hasko surface. Nesemann (Reg. no. ZSI, GPRC IV-30 18, 1 ex.). Habitat and distribution : The adults of Paratypes (Fig. 10) : India, Bihar, Patna, River Ganga, Odontobdella krishna sp.n.