llllllllllllllllillllllllllllllllllilllllllllllllllllllllllllilllllllllllll , US005294437A United States Patent [19] [11] Patent Number: 5,294,437 Shah et al. [45] Date of Patent: Mar. 15, 1994 [54] HAIR SPRAY ‘ [56] References Cited U.S. PATENT DOCUMENTS [75] Inventors: Snehal M. Shah, Artesia; Candelario 4,543,249 9/1985 Netson . , . .. 424/70 é?femndez, Jr., Torrance, both of 4,983,377 1/1991 Murphy et a1. .. ....... .. 424/47 Primary Examiner-Thurman K. Page [73] Assignee; Neutmgena Corporation, Los Assistant Examiner-:Jyothsna Venkat Angeles, Cal“: Attorney, Agent, or Firm-Richard R. Mybeck [57] ABSTRACT [211 App]. No.: 975,787 A hair spray composition exhibiting high curl retention, fast drying time, high rinse-out with low ?aking and [22] Filedi - NOV- 13, 1992 high shine characteristics comprised of ?xative resins, silicone plasticizers and neutralizers in a crystal clear [51] Int. Cl,5 . _ . _ _, A61K 7/09; A61K 7/11 formulation which meets or exceeds the currently man [52] US. Cl. ...................................... .. 424/71; 424/41; dated alcohol requirements in a hand pump spray appli 424/70; 424/DIG. l; 424/DIG. 2 cation. [58] Field of Search ............. .. 424/47, 70, 71, DIG. l, 424/DIG. 2 1 Claim, N0 Drawings 5,294,437 1 2 the degree of neutralization of the resin, and the use of HAIR SPRAY various types of plasticizers and surfactants. The blend ing of these ingredients is important in order to obtain INTRODUCTION and maximize desired properties in the consumer prod The present invention relates generally to personal uct. care products and grooming aids and more particularly Three types of hair sprays are on the market today; to a new and novel pumpable hair spray composition pump hair sprays, hydrocarbon aerosols and carbon containing preselected resins, neutralizers and silicone dioxide aerosols. Pump hair sprays and hydrocarbon blends in a mixture with an water/alcohol solvent vehi aerosols comprise the majority of the market sales. The cle and which, when applied as a spray mist to human predominant solvent system in all three types of hair hair provides a surprisingly effective hair control prod sprays is alcohol. New regulations require the alcohol not while substantially reducing the ecological detri level to be limited to a maximum content of 80% in ment of prior art products. current and new products in an effort to reduce volatile BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION organic compounds (VOC’s) at ground level which form ozone through a photochemical reaction with In the preparation of prior art aerosol and pump nitrogen oxides in the presence of sunlight. spray hair care formulations, pure (100%) alcohol has, In response to consumer and environmental needs, heretofore, been the primary solvent of choice utilized we have developed three pump hair sprays that ful?ll in consumer “pump” hair sprays to deliver the product consumers high expectations in performance while onto human hair for hair control and cosmetic appear meeting strict standards for reduced air pollution. ance. Discussions of such products appear in Cosmetics: Active ingredients found in the prior art hair spray Science and Technology, Balsam and Sagarin, 2nd Ed., Vol. 2, 352-358, and Hair and Hair Products, Society of formulations include: a ?xative resin such as octyl Cosmetic Chemists Continuing Education Program acrylamide/acrylates copolymer octylacrylamide/ak (held in Los Angeles, Calif, Feb. 3-4, 1992) which are crylates/butylaminoethyl methacrylate copolyrner and incorporated herein by this reference hereto. the like; neutralizing agents, especially desirable when Hair spray is a styling and beautifying aid used by the ?xative resin is an acrylic acid, such as sodium hy 65% of women over thirteen. Seventy percent of these droxide, aminomethylpropanol (AMP), triethanolamine women use hair spray daily. Consumers require hair and the like; solvents including water and alcohols; sprays to perform in holding their hairstyle and also to propellants such as hydrocarbons and the like for aero contribute to beautifying the appearance of their hair. sol products; plasticizers such as dirnethyl silicone, tri People who perm and color their hair are also con ethyl citrate and lanolin derivatives; and other optional cerned that the hair spray will not dull the color of their ingredients such as perfumes, coloring agents and pH hair or weigh down their curls. Consumers are also adjusters depending on the properties desired in a ?nal conscious of environmental issues and expect their formulation. products to comply with regulations without sacri?cing Given that silicones in a synergistic combination with performance. other specially preselected ingredients is a salient fea Good holding power is perhaps the primary attribute ture of the present invention, and that silicones have a consumer looks for in a hair spray. Curl retention been employed in prior art hair sprays, it is essential to under conditions of changing humidity, especially 40 understand the diverse roles such compounds may play changes to a higher humidity, is critical to the perfor in the hair spray art. A key review of this aspect of the mance of a hair spray. Good curl retention in chemi art is found in Hair Fixatives-bene?t from the physical cally damaged hair is important since the hair ?ber is and chemical properties of silicones. Christine M. Handt, weakened by the chemical process and will be less Soap/Cosmetics Soecialties. October 1987 wherein is likely to maintain the curl. In addition, the hair spray 45 reported that different silicones, in diverse concentra must be capable of being washed out of the hair with tions can provide a variety of bene?ts to hair ?xative shampoo and it must not build up on the hair over suc I systems, including softer feel, shine and better curl re cessive use. The consumer also requires the hair spray tention. to perform as a beautifying agent. It is expected to con The “pump” hair spray products of the prior art tribute positively to the appearance of the hair. Im contain 100% alcohol as the solvent/carrier. However, proved shine and luster are some properties a consumer expects. Therefore, a careful equilibrium between ingre this can no longer be. standards require that the alcohol dients must exist to provide superior hold, be rinsable content of such products cannot exceed 80% beginning without buildup, non-?aking, and yet provide shine and Jan. 1, 1993 (See: Product Standards for Hair Sprays, manageability. 55 California Clean Air Act). Hair sprays are similar in their basic ingredient con Many researchers are engaged in the hunt for a re tent. They contain solvents, a synthetic polymeric resin, placement formulations of pump hair sprays which will a base to neutralize the resin (especially when the resin be environmentally safe and yet functionally acceptable is a carboxylic acid containing resin), plasticizers and in to the consuming public. However, problems arise some cases a surfactant and a fragrance. The resin is the 60 when water is used to either replace alcohol or to re primary ingredient responsible for the curl retention duce the alcohol to the mandated content of less than characteristics. The neutralizer contributes to the resin’s 80%. Because the products created thus far leave hair ?lm properties and also to the resin’s solubility or wash ?at and dull, require excessive drying time, promote out property. Surfactants improve the spreadability of increased tackiness and exhibit substantially weaker the resin on the hair surface. Plasticizers are added to 65 holding power for curls. provide less brittle ?lms, minimize ?aking and to maxi Obviously, the problems involved in adding rela mize shine and curl retention. Hair sprays differ from tively small amounts of water, approximately 15% of each other by the type of resin(s) and neutralizer used, the solvent system, to a pump hair spray are very signif 5,294,437 3 4 icant. The reason is that water greatly affects the physi One motivating factor leading to the present inven~ cal properties of the ?xatives. tion is the mandate requiring such products to contain The ultimate product, heretofore unattainable, should 80% or less alcohol and the determination that there provide: a hair control spray which can be delivered by was a lot more to this project than simply pouring more a pumpspray which will contain less than 80% alcohol water into the bottle. solvent; which will provide cosmetically acceptable In a preferred embodiment, the present invention curl retention; low tack and drying time; better rinse comprises, by weight percent; water in the range of 8 to out and little or no ?aking; high shine (luster); and a 23 percent, alcohol in the range of 75 to 80 percent, crystal clear formulation which yields a clear dried ?lm. ?xative resins in the range of 1.5-2 percent, potassium 10 hydroxide (KOH) neutralizer in the range of 0.2-1.72 BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION percent, and silicone plasticizers in the range of 0.2-0.7 The present invention relates to a composition for a percent. pumpable hair spray which meets standards of alcohol The only resin found to be satisfactory was octyla content and still meets the demanding cosmetic require crylarnide/acrylates/butylaminoethyl methacrylate co ments for such a product. More particularly, the present 15 polymer (herein “OABM"). This material may be used invention is based on the remarkable discovery of a hair either alone or in combination with one other secondary spray formulation comprising a novel combination of resin, octylacrylamide/acrylates copolymer (herein water and alcohol solvent base, essential ?xative resins, “0AA"). neutralizing agents, silicone plasticizers and non-essen Potassium hydroxide (KOH) was the only neutraliz tial fragrance and coloring ingredients. 20 ing agent found to be effective to neutralize the acid Accordingly, a principal object of the present inven effects of the resins, provided it was blended with the tion is to provide a novel and unique hair spray product other essential ingredients of this invention.