MVA~TER COPY MHI A G, Copy 3 / DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY FIELD MANUAL DVISION ARLERY , QUARTERMAST LIBARY QUA R1tEAS3U SCHOOL TER TWNTI CO"Z1 "',RTSCtI G BNEDE FOR t!TORCAtt YS Be HEADQUARTERS, DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY FEBRUARY 1960 AGO 4307B-Feb *FM 6-21 FIELD MANUAL HEADQUARTERS, DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY No. 6-21 WASHINGTON 25, D. C., 24 February 1960 DIVISION ARTILLERY Paragraphs Page CHAPTER 1. INTRODUCTION ------------------------ 1-4 3 2. ORGANIZATION Section I. General _________________________________. 5, 6 6 II. Airborne division artillery ----------------- 7-9 6 III. Armored division artillery ----------------- 10-15 9 IV. Infantry division artillery ----------------. 16-18 13 V. Combat support other than division artillery__ 19-23 15 CHAPTER 3. TACTICAL EMPLOYMENT Section I. General . ... .............................24, 25 17 II. Organization for combat ------------------ 26-30 18 III. M issions --------------------------- ------ 31-34 24 IV. Army aviation ___________________________. 35-37 29 V. Air defense -----------------------------. 38, 39 30 CHAPTER 4. COMMAND, CONTROL, AND COORDINA- TION. Section I. Command responsibilities and relationships __ 40-43 31 II. Division artillery staffs ... .................44-46 34 III. Battalion staffs --------------------- ______ 47-59 37 IV. Command posts -------------------- …----- 60-62 50 V. Plans and orders ------------------------ . 63-65 52 CHAPTER 5. INTELLIGENCE Section I. General ---------------------------------. 66-70 54 II. Target acquisition ------------------------ 71-77 56 III. Reconnaissance --------------------------- 78-81 66 IV. Meteorology ------------------------------- 82-83 67 V. Survey ---------------------------------- 84-86 67 CHAPTER 6. FIRE SUPPORT COORDINATION Section I. General ---------------------------------. 87-89 74 II. Command and staff procedures for nuclear 90, 91 79 weapons employment. * This manual supersedes FM 6-21, 13 August 1957, and FM 6-101, 29 January 1952, including C1, 5 August 1952. AGO 4307B 1 Paragraphs Page CHAPTER 7. FIRE PLANNING Section I. General _________________________________. 92, 93 82 II. Target analysis __________________________. 94-97 83 III. Responsibilities for fire planning ----------- 98-103 84 IV. Division artillery fire planning ------------- 104-109 90 V. Fire plans for supporting agencies -_________ 110-115 97 VI. Countermortar and counterbattery activities_. 116, 117 101 VII. Air defense artillery support -______________ 118, 119 103 VIII. Battlefield illumination -------------- ------120, 121 10,4 CHAPTER 8. CONDUCT OF BATTALION OPERATIONS Section I. Positioning of artillery units --------- ------122-124 105 II. Reconnaissance, selection, and occupation of 125-139 111 position. III. Displacements -___________________________ 140-143 122 IV. Airborne artillery reconnaissance, selection, 144-153 126 and occupation of position. V. Security --------------------------------- 154-160 130 VI. Artillery marches and bivouacs ------- ------161-173 137 VII. Offensive combat ------------------------- 174-177 145 VIII. Defensive combat ------------------- ------178-185 150 IX. Relief and reinforcement in combat --------- 186-188 157 CHAPTER 9. FIRE DIRECTION ----------------------- 189-195 162 10. SIGNAL COMMUNICATIONS Section I. General -________________________________. 196-200 167 II. Wire communication ---------------------- 201-204 170 III. Radio communication . .....................205-210 179 IV. Fire direction center and fire support coordi- 211-213 193 nation center. APPENDIX I. REFERENCES --------------------------- --- 196 II. A GUIDE AND CHECKLIST FOR THE ------- 200 PREPARATION OF AN ARTILLERY BATTALION STANDING OPERATING PROCEDURE. III. COMMON NUMBERING SYSTEM FOR ------- 215 CONCENTRATIONS. IV. ARTILLERY FIRE PLAN --------------- ------ 218 V. RECORDS AND REPORTS ---------------- . ..... 221 2 AGO 4307B CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION 1. Purpose This manual is a guide for artillery officers and commanders and staffs of all combat arms. It is concerned with the employ- ment of divisional artillery units in the combat zone. It covers organization, command, and tactical control of division artillery. It is principally designed for the use of division artillery officers in preparation for, and execution of, operations in the field. Basic principles and techniques of operation for battalion size units covered in this manual are applicable to all artillery units. Artil- lery tactics and techniques are discussed in detail in FM 6-20; additional references are listed in appendix I. 2. Scope a. The material presented herein is applicable without modifica- tion to both nuclear and nonnuclear warfare. b. The manual is concerned with the organization of the air- borne, the armored, and the infantry division artilleries and the tactical doctrine for the employment of divisional artillery units. c. Additional information concerning those aspects of the air- borne division artillery organization and methods of employment that are peculiar to airborne operations are contained in FM 57-30 and FM 57-100. 3. Capabilities a. When supported by the organic personnel and equipment of the division artillery and the division area communications system, the division artillery headquarters is capable of- (1) Providing direct, reinforcing, and general support fires to combat elements of the division. This includes the provision of nuclear fire support. (2) Planning, supervising, coordinating, and controlling the operations of the division artillery and attached units. (3) Supervising the training of division artillery units. (4) Coordinating the fires of corps and army artillery sup- porting the division and air defense artillery, when em- AGO 4307B 3 ployed in the surface-to-surface role in support of the division. (5) Acquiring target information utilizing air and ground observers, radar and related electronic equipment, and attached target acquisition units. (6) Providing intelligence from artillery sources for other artillery headquarters and the division G2. (7) Providing staff advice to the division commander on the use of all fire support available. (8) Acting as an emergency successor headquarters for the division in the event of destruction of the division head- quarters. (9) Supervising logistical activities of the division artillery units, to include recommendations with respect to the required supply rate of artillery ammunition, announce- ment of the available supply rate to subordinate units, and the processing of requests for supplies and equip- ment which are required to be submitted through artillery command channels. (10) Providing extension of survey control throughout the zone of operations for all firing elements and for target acquisition units of the division and any other non- divisional installation designated in the coordinated survey plan of the corps. (11) Installing and maintaining internal communications. (12) Defending itself and its installations against hostile ground attack. (13) Providing limited evacuation and minimum combat medi- cal care. (14) Providing meteorological data, on a time schedule, to all organic or attached units of the division. b. The airborne division artillery headquarters and headquarters battery has the additional capability to perform those duties which are normally responsibilities of a battalion headquarters. These include maintaining personnel and supply records, assisting in the distribution of supplies and ammunition as well as obtaining second- and third-echelon maintenance support from the division support group. 4 AGO 43071B 4. Mobility a. The armored and infantry division artilleries are 100 percent mobile in organic vehicles. The airborne division artillery is 70 percent mobile in organic vehicles. b. All personnel and all material except the current self-propelled Honest John rocket launcher, the 155-mm howitzer (SP), the 8- inch howitzer (SP), and the tank transporter can be transported tactically by the C-119 and C-123 aircraft. All personnel and material can be transported by the C-124, C-130, or C-133 aircraft. AGO 4307B 5 CHAPTER 2 ORGANIZATION Section I. GENERAL 5. General The division artilleries of the airborne, armored, and infantry divisions are organized and equipped to accomplish their assigned missions. Organization of each, to include their major components, are shown herein. Certain other combat support elements in the division are also shown. No attempt is made to examine each ele- ment in detail or to repeat unnecessarily doctrine contained in other manuals. 6. Mission The division artillery supports the division by fire, neutralizing or destroying, in priority, those targets furnishing the most imme- diate threat to the accomplishment of the supported unit's mission. Division artillery gives depth to and isolates the battlefield by counterfire, by fire on hostile reserves, by restricting movement in rear areas, and by disrupting hostile command facilities and other installations. Section II. AIRBORNE DIVISION ARTILLERY 7. Division Artillery The airborne division artillery (fig. 1) is organized as a tactical and administrative unit and is self-sustaining. It consists of a Abn div arty l Hq and Hqbtry FA how btry F| bry 105-mm 76mm rkt I I Figure 1. Division artillery, airbornedivision. 6 AGO 4307B C-) C E E-J E~~~~~~~~~~~~ X X LA) AGO 4307B C 7~~~~~~~~~~i w 0) RS~~~~~~U -o tw~U o E ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~.C. U-~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ U C') 04 0~~~~~~~c -C ~~ ~~~c 8 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~AGOAGO 4307B headquarters and headquarters battery; 5 field artillery howitzer batteries,