Annual Report WEATHERHEAD CENTER FOR INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS HARVARD UNIVERSITY 2000•2001 T ABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION 3 People 4 Research Activities 5 Individual Grants 5 Faculty Research Leaves 5 Weatherhead Initiative in International Affairs 6 Library 6 Finances 6 RESEARCH AND SEMINAR PROGRAMS 9 Canada and U.S.-Canada Relations 9 Director’s Seminar 11 Ethics and International Affairs 12 Europe 12 Fellows Program 14 International and Area Studies 19 International Conflict Analysis and Resolution 26 International Economics 28 Japan and U.S.-Japan Relations 30 Project on Justice in Times of Transition 34 Middle East 39 Nonviolent Sanctions and Cultural Survival 40 Performance of Democracy 42 Political Economy 45 South Asia 50 Strategic Studies 51 Student Programs 56 Transnational Security 62 U.S. Foreign Policy 64 SPECIAL CONFERENCES, LECTURES, AND SEMINARS 65 PUBLICATIONS 71 ADMINISTRATION 85 Visiting Committee 85 Executive Committee 85 International Advisory Committee 87 Staff 87 CONTENTS 2000/2001 1 WEATHERHEAD CENTER FOR INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS 2000-01 THE CENTER FOR INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS WAS FOUNDED IN 1958. In the spring of 1998 it was renamed the Weatherhead Center for International Affairs in gratitude for the magnificent endowment established by Albert and Celia Weatherhead and the Weatherhead Foundation. The Center is the largest international research center in the social sciences within Harvard University’s Faculty of Arts and Sciences. The core interests of the Weatherhead Center are broadly defined to encompass research on international, transnational, and comparative topics (both contemporary and historical) and include rigorous policy analysis as well as the study of specific countries and regions besides the United States. The Center is structured to encourage the highest practical level of personal and intellectual interaction among a diverse community of scholars and practitioners. It is distinctive in its recognition that knowledge is a product not only of individual academic research, but also of vigorous, sustained intellectual dialogue among scholars and nonacademic experts. To stimulate this dialogue, the Center sponsors a wide array of seminars, research programs, workshops, and conferences. These activities encourage interaction among resident affiliates and involve a wide variety of scholars, government and military officials, corporate executives, and practitioners from around the world. The Center houses over a dozen professors, several dozen graduate students and postdoctoral fellows, nearly two dozen Fellows, as well as many other visiting scholars, associates, and staff. The Weatherhead Center is composed of diverse research communities, including faculty from all ranks, graduate and undergraduate students principally at the dissertation or senior thesis stages, visiting scholars, and nonacademic Fellows. A lively undergraduate student council organizes many activities to support undergraduate interests. The faculty and students come from all the social science departments, and nearly all schools of the University. It is part of the Center’s mission to support and connect work conducted throughout the University on the affairs of other countries and cultures. Faculty research defines the fundamental activities of the Center and orients its priorities. The specific research activities and programs of the Center respond to faculty initiative, and they change as faculty and research priorities shift. The Center is organized, therefore, to maximize a capacity for responding flexibly and swiftly to scholarly initiative. The Weatherhead Center supports the research of dozens of graduate students from various schools of the University every year. The Center also awards many grants to undergraduates for conducting field research in various countries for their senior theses. The results of Center research are made available to the public policy community through books, working papers, articles, reports, seminars and lectures, as well as through the personal participation of Center members in policy planning in governments and institutions outside the University. The Center is headed by a faculty director who is assisted by an executive director. An executive committee, primarily composed of senior Harvard faculty involved in Center- sponsored programs, provides guidance on matters of substance and policy. Professor Jorge I. Domínguez, Clarence Dillon Professor of International Affairs, is the Center director. James A. Cooney is the executive director. During the 2000-01 academic year, the Center’s offices were located in Coolidge Hall, 1737 Cambridge Street, on the Harvard University campus in Cambridge, Massachusetts. ANNUAL REPORT 2000/2001 3 PEOPLE Postdoctoral Fellows The most important resource at the Center is The Center provides research affiliations for the diverse group of people affiliated with it. In recent doctoral degree recipients pursuing addition to the permanent staff, 170 faculty research in areas relevant to Weatherhead members, visiting scholars, practitioners, and Center programs. For the 2000-01 academic students, representing approximately 30 year, postdoctoral fellowships were awarded to nationalities, were associated with the Center scholars conducting research in the following for the 2000-01 academic year. areas: strategic and national security studies; international and area studies; transnational Faculty security; welfare reform in Japan; foreign Senior and junior members of the Harvard workers, NGOs, and associative activism in faculty form the intellectual core of the Center. Japan; politics of public foreign direct In addition to its fifteen resident faculty investment finance; and social networking members, the Center has a broad network of among Japanese firms. faculty from many disciplines and schools within Harvard who regularly contribute to the Associates development and administration of research Center associates include individuals from programs and activities. The Center also is the outside Harvard who are active in WCFIA locus of endowed professorships in research programs and seminars. international affairs, international economics, national security and military affairs, and Graduate Students Canadian studies. The Center’s faculty The Center annually supports selected doctoral associates, numbering 103 for 2000-01, may candidates writing research dissertations by apply for Center research funds and fellowships. providing them with office space, computer support, modest funding for travel, and access Fellows to the Center’s programs and activities. Harvard Each year, the Center’s Fellows Program invites students participate through the Graduate approximately twenty senior diplomats, military Student Associate Program. In 2000-01, the officers, journalists, politicians, and other Center supported graduate student associates nonacademic professionals active in the field of from the Departments of Sociology, international affairs to spend a year at the Government, History, Economics, Center to engage in advanced study, research, Anthropology, East Asian Languages, Middle and writing. This group, which is typically Eastern Studies, and the Law School. Students drawn from some fifteen countries, constitutes from other institutions also received an important and direct link with the Weatherhead Center-sponsored research contemporary realities of global politics and fellowships for work in strategic and national provides the Center unique perspectives of security studies, international and area studies, nonacademic practitioners. and transnational security. In addition, the Center received grants from the Mellon and Visiting Scholars MacArthur foundations to support the work of The Center provides research affiliations for several doctoral candidates. academics on leave from institutions outside of Harvard, enabling them to pursue research Undergraduate Students interests with the benefits of interaction with The Center supports the activities of the other Center members, and to access the Weatherhead Center Student Council, which extensive library system and other resources of works to bridge the Center and the Harvard Harvard University. undergraduate community. The Center also offers travel grants to undergraduates doing Project on Justice in Times of Transition research for their senior honors theses. In 2000- —Philip Heymann 01, fifteen undergraduates received this support. Reform of the Welfare State Staff —Janos Kornai In 2000-01, the Weatherhead Center staff Political Violence and Peacekeeping Workshop included 39 individuals. A core administrative staff oversees financial matters, publications, —Robert Bates conference organization, personnel, and other Positive Political Economy management tasks. In addition, professional —Kenneth Shepsle and support staff manage the administrative affairs of each Weatherhead Center program. Visions of European Governance —Steven Bloomfield RESEARCH ACTIVITIES Canada Seminar INDIVIDUAL GRANTS —Jeffrey Reitz Fourteen faculty members received Weatherhead FACULTY RESEARCH LEAVES Center grants for the following seminars and study groups: Robert Bates, faculty associate and Eaton Professor of the Science of Government, received a one-semester Faculty Research International Economics Seminar Fellowship for the academic year 2000-01 with —Kenneth Rogoff which he co-authored several papers and a book on the economic and political development of Director’s Seminar 46 African states over the period 1970-1995. He —Jorge I. Domínguez