DRIVE THE FUTURE: BATTERY ELECTRIC VEHICLE PROJECT South Bay Cities Council of Governments Walter Siembab Mohja Rhoads, PhD Aaron Baum June 2015 Table of Contents 1. INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................................................. 1 Purpose ................................................................................................................................................................. 1 South Bay Context ................................................................................................................................................. 2 SUSTAINABLE SOUTH BAY STRATEGY .................................................................................................................................. 2 SSBS Summary....................................................................................................................................................... 3 Battery Electric Vehicle Demonstration Project .................................................................................................... 4 2. PROJECT DESIGN AND OPERATIONS .................................................................................................................. 6 OVERVIEW .................................................................................................................................................................... 6 RESEARCH DESIGN: VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY ......................................................................................................................... 6 BEV and ICE Vehicle GPS Monitoring .................................................................................................................... 6 Sample Size ........................................................................................................................................................... 7 Data Collection: Challenges and Variations in Collecting ICE and BEV GPS Data ................................................ 7 RESEARCH DESIGN: PARTICIPANT SELECTION ...................................................................................................................... 8 Participant Recruitment ........................................................................................................................................ 8 Target Goals .......................................................................................................................................................... 9 General Characteristics of Participants by Geography, Income and Housing Stock ............................................. 9 Variations in Target Household Characteristic Goals .......................................................................................... 10 3. PREVIOUS RESEARCH ...................................................................................................................................... 12 4. TRANSPORTATION ANALYSIS .......................................................................................................................... 14 BASELINE HOUSEHOLD DRIVING ...................................................................................................................................... 14 HOUSEHOLD DRIVING WITH BEV IN THE FLEET .................................................................................................................. 15 HOUSEHOLD BEV DRIVING ............................................................................................................................................ 16 INTERPRETATION .......................................................................................................................................................... 17 Low Extreme Households .................................................................................................................................... 18 Average Use Households ..................................................................................................................................... 19 High Extreme Households ................................................................................................................................... 20 VMT REDUCTION POSSIBILITY ........................................................................................................................................ 20 FINDINGS .................................................................................................................................................................... 21 Equivocating ....................................................................................................................................................... 22 Engaging ............................................................................................................................................................. 22 Embracing ........................................................................................................................................................... 22 DESTINATIONS ............................................................................................................................................................. 23 FINDINGS .................................................................................................................................................................... 29 HOT SPOTS ................................................................................................................................................................. 29 Introduction ........................................................................................................................................................ 29 Methodology ....................................................................................................................................................... 30 Hot Spot Statistics ............................................................................................................................................... 31 Peninsula 1 through 4 ...................................................................................................................................................... 34 FINDINGS .................................................................................................................................................................... 35 NEV VS. BEV .............................................................................................................................................................. 36 Overview ............................................................................................................................................................. 36 i Emissions Reductions .......................................................................................................................................... 36 Destinations and VMT Comparison ..................................................................................................................... 37 Destination by distance for the group ................................................................................................................. 39 Destination Frequency ........................................................................................................................................ 39 BEV and ICE Routes ............................................................................................................................................. 40 FINDINGS .................................................................................................................................................................... 41 SPEED ANALYSIS ........................................................................................................................................................... 41 Introduction ........................................................................................................................................................ 41 Methodology ....................................................................................................................................................... 41 Analysis ............................................................................................................................................................... 41 FINDINGS .................................................................................................................................................................... 43 5. CHARGING ...................................................................................................................................................... 44 INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................................................................ 44 CHARGING BEHAVIOR (ANALYSIS AND DATA COLLECTION) ................................................................................................... 44 CHARGING QUANTITY AND TYPE ..................................................................................................................................... 44 MECHANICS OF CHARGING ............................................................................................................................................. 45 Household Instructions ......................................................................................................................................