Indi genous Peoples Development Planning Document Vulnerable Community Development Plan Document Stage: Draft Project Number: 40919 November 2008 NEP: WEST SETI HYDROELECTRIC PROJECT Prepared by West Seti Hydro Limited for the Asian Development Bank (ADB). The Vulnerable Community Development Plan is a document of the borrower. The views expressed herein do not necessarily represent those of ADB’s Board of Directors, Management, or staff, and may be preliminary in nature. WEST SETI HYDROELECTRIC PROJECT VULNERABLE COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT PLAN (Rev-1) TABLE OF CONTENTS LIST OF TABLES ................................................................................................................................................... IV LIST OF FIGURES ................................................................................................................................................... V LIST OF PHOTOGRAPHS .................................................................................................................................... V ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS ............................................................................................................ VI EXECUTIVE SUMMARY .................................................................................................................................. VIII 1. INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................................................................... 1 1.1 Background ............................................................................................................................................. 1 1.2 Vulnerable Communities in the Project Area ..................................................................................... 2 1.3 Purpose of the VCDP ............................................................................................................................. 3 1.4 Report Outline ......................................................................................................................................... 3 2. PROJECT DESCRIPTION ............................................................................................................................. 4 2.1 Project Components ............................................................................................................................... 4 2.2 Land Areas Required by the Project .................................................................................................... 6 2.3 Social Impacts .......................................................................................................................................... 7 3. METHODOLOGY......................................................................................................................................... 10 3.1 Literature Review ................................................................................................................................. 10 3.2 Field Research ....................................................................................................................................... 10 3.2.1 Initial Community Meetings .............................................................................................................. 10 3.2.2 Household Questionnaire Survey ....................................................................................................... 11 3.2.3 Group Discussions.............................................................................................................................. 12 3.2.4 Key Informant Interviews and Checklists ........................................................................................... 13 3.2.5 Field Observations .............................................................................................................................. 14 4. LEGAL AND POLICY FRAMEWORK ..................................................................................................... 15 4.1 International Context ........................................................................................................................... 15 4.1.1 World Bank Policy .............................................................................................................................. 15 4.1.2 ADB Policy ......................................................................................................................................... 15 4.2 National Context ................................................................................................................................... 17 4.2.1 Constitutional Guarantees ................................................................................................................. 17 4.2.2 Land Acquisition Act 2034 (1977) ..................................................................................................... 17 4.2.3 Other Local Legislation ....................................................................................................................... 18 4.2.4 National Policy on Land Acquisition, Compensation and Resettlement in Development Projects in Nepal 18 4.2.5 National Policy Relating to the Internally Displaced 2062 (2006) .................................................... 20 4.2.6 Vulnerable Groups .............................................................................................................................. 21 4.3 Involuntary Resettlement Practices in Nepal ................................................................................... 22 4.4 WSHEP Approach ................................................................................................................................ 24 5. BASELINE DATA ......................................................................................................................................... 27 5.1 Overview of Vulnerable Communities in Nepal.............................................................................. 27 5.1.1 Female-headed Households ................................................................................................................. 27 5.1.2 Households Headed by Physically Disabled ....................................................................................... 27 5.1.3 Adivasi /Janajati ................................................................................................................................. 27 5.1.4 Dalit .................................................................................................................................................... 28 5.2 Vulnerable Communities in the Project Area ................................................................................... 31 WEST SETI HYDRO LTD. OCTOBER 2008 I WEST SETI HYDROELECTRIC PROJECT VULNERABLE COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT PLAN (Rev-1) 5.3 Population and Demographic Features ............................................................................................. 31 5.3.1 Households and Population ................................................................................................................ 31 5.3.2 Age Structure ..................................................................................................................................... 32 5.3.3 Residential Status and Migration ...................................................................................................... 33 5.4 Settlement and Housing Patterns ....................................................................................................... 33 5.4.1 House Ownership ............................................................................................................................... 34 5.5 Cultural Aspects ................................................................................................................................... 35 5.5.1 Language ............................................................................................................................................ 35 5.5.2 Religion ............................................................................................................................................... 36 5.6 Education and Literacy ........................................................................................................................ 36 5.7 Health and Sanitation........................................................................................................................... 38 5.7.1 Sources of Water ................................................................................................................................. 38 5.7.2 Common Diseases and Methods of Treatment ................................................................................... 39 5.8 Land Use, Tenure and Holdings......................................................................................................... 39 5.9 Livelihoods ............................................................................................................................................ 40 5.9.1 Occupational Status and Skills........................................................................................................... 40 5.9.2 Agriculture ......................................................................................................................................... 42 5.9.3 Animal Husbandry ............................................................................................................................