--APM-- Early Proceedings of Te Association of Professors of Mission Volume I Biennial Meetings from 1956 to 1958 First Fruits Press Wilmore, Ky 2015 Early Proceedings of the Association of Professors of Mission. First Fruits Press, © 2018 ISBN: 9781621715610 (vol. 1 print), 9781621715627 (vol. 1 digital), 9781621715634 (vol. 1 kindle) 9781621713265 (vol. 2 print), 9781621713272 (vol. 2 digital), 9781621713289 (vol. 2 kindle) Digital versions at (vol. 1) http://place.asburyseminary.edu/academicbooks/26/ (vol. 2) http://place.asburyseminary.edu/academicbooks/27/ First Fruits Press is a digital imprint of the Asbury Theological Seminary, B.L. Fisher Library. Asbury Theological Seminary is the legal owner of the material previously published by the Pentecostal Publishing Co. and reserves the right to release new editions of this material as well as new material produced by Asbury Theological Seminary. Its publications are available for noncommercial and educational uses, such as research, teaching and private study. First Fruits Press has licensed the digital version of this work under the Creative Commons Attribution Noncommercial 3.0 United States License. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/us/. For all other uses, contact: First Fruits Press B.L. Fisher Library Asbury Theological Seminary 204 N. Lexington Ave. Wilmore, KY 40390 http://place.asburyseminary.edu/firstfruits Early proceedings of the Association of Professors of Mission. Wilmore, KY : First Fruits Press, ©2018. 2 volumes ; cm. Reprint. Previously published: [Place of Publication not identified] : Association of Professors of Mission, 1956-1974. Volume 1. 1956 to 1958 – volume 2. 1962 to 1974. ISBN: 9781621715627 (vol. 1 : electronic) ISBN: 9781621712862 (vol. 2 : electronic) 1.Missions--Study and teaching- -Congresses. 2. Missions--Theory--Congresses. 3. Religion and social problems--Congresses. 4. Association of Professors of Mission. I. Association of Professors of Mission. II. Proceedings of the Association of Professors of Mission. BV2020.A875eb Cover design by Jon Ramsay asburyseminary.edu 800 .2ASBURY 204 North Lexington Avenue Wilmore, Kentucky 40390 First Fruits Press Te Academic Open Press of Asbury Teological Seminary 204 N. Lexington Ave., Wilmore, KY 40390 859-858-2236 [email protected] asbury.to/frstfruits About the Association of Professors of Mission The Association of Professors of Mission (APM) was officially organized in June of 1952 at a meeting held at Southern Baptist Seminary in Louisville, Kentucky. This meeting was the result of a desire to bring together mission teachers from seminaries, colleges, and Bible schools to share papers and discuss issues related to Christian missions and especially the teaching of missions.1 From 1952 to 1972, the APM met biennially, usually in conjunction with the American Association of Theological Schools (AATS) meetings. Papers and research were shared and discussed at these meetings, and this work was often mimeographed and bound, along with minutes and other reports, to be distributed to members and sold to a few institutions or other interested parties. By the 1960s it became standard to present papers from the three traditions of the APM- conciliar Protestant, Roman Catholic, and conservative-evangelical Protestant. Horner notes, “The APM was thus in some important respects the most widely ecumenical body in North America at that time.”2 Today these papers are hard to find and rather rare, often located within institutional archives. In the interest of preserving this heritage and the unique perspectives of missionary professionals over such an important time period in mission history, the APM decided to reprint these papers and make them available digitally as well. Proceedings were not made or preserved for the 1952 or 1954 meetings, so they are not included in this collection. In addition the papers presented at the fifth biennial meeting in 1 For a thorough discussion of the development of the Association of Professors of Mission see Norman A. Horner’s excellent article “The Association of Professors of Mission: The First Thirty- five Years, 1952- 1987” in the International Bulletin of Missionary Research 11(3): 120 – 124, July 1987. 2 Ibid., page 121. i 1960 were published as a separate book,3 so they are likewise not included here. The remaining nine proceedings from 1956 to 1974 are presented here in their entirety, with minutes and additional reports being placed in appendices for those interested in these documents from an historical perspective. In 1972, members of the APM worked to found a more inclusive organization focused on Christian Missions, and so the American Society of Missiology (ASM) was born, and in 1974 began the tradition of having the APM meet jointly with the larger ASM at their annual meeting, with future papers to be published through the ASM journal, Missiology: An International Review. As the APM/ASM has continued to grow, both parts have continued to thrive, with the APM continuing to focus on the teaching and educational side of mission. Many professors of mission are the only professors in this field in their institutions, so the APM continues to offer a place for these professors to find fellowship as well as pedagogical ideas to further their course design and content. Beginning in 2013 the APM once again began producing its proceedings in a digital online format, with print copies available through a print-on-demand source at a low cost in order to promote the teaching of missions to a wider global audience.4 Of the APM, R. Pierce Beaver once wrote, Our Association of Professors of Missions came into existence... not as an expression of the old missionary triumphalism but as an attempt to build a lifeboat for floundering brothers and sisters. It really marks the beginning of a new era rather than a climax of the older development. The biennial reports of the Association reveal the wrestling we have done over our reason for 3 Wilber C. Harr, editor, Frontiers of the Christian World Mission since 1938: Essays in Honor of Kenneth Scott Latourette, New York: Harper & Brothers, 1962. 4 The 2013 proceedings is entitled Social Engagement: The Challenge of the Social in Missiological Education (http://place.asburyseminary.edu/ academicbooks/3/), and the 2014 proceedings is entitled Transforming Teaching for Mission: Educational Theory and Practice (http://place. asburyseminary.edu/academicbooks/10/). ii being, curriculum, and teaching methods during the past twenty-odd years.5 It is the earnest hope of the APM that these historic documents can continue to add to our growing knowledge of mission history by being made more accessible for both members of the APM and scholars in the field of Christian missions all over the world. It is also our hope to allow professors and teachers of mission all over the globe the ability to access material that can help make them more effective educators for the kingdom of God. Robert Danielson Advisory Committee Member 5 R. Pierce Beaver, “The American Theological Seminary and Missions: An Historical Survey,” in APM, Proceedings, Twelfth Biennial Meeting (Wheaton, IL, June 9-10, 1974), pgs. 7-14. iii iv Table of Contents About the Association of Professors of Mission ...................................i 1 Christianity and the non-christian religions: historical review of thought and literature 3rd Biennial Meeting; Evangelical Theological Seminary; Naperville, Illinois; June 7 - 9, 1956 Preface ......................................................................................... 3 Introduction ................................................................................5 Early Protestant Views of Hinduism 1600 - 1825 ............................29 Norvin Hein, Yale Divinity School Te Meeting of Muslim And Christian ..........................................61 Kenneth Cragg Te Christian Faith And Other Religions: Te Present Phase .........75 R. Pierce Beaver, University of Chicago African Religious Beliefs And Te Christian Faith ..........................94 Edurado C. Mondlane Te Expression Of Christianity In Te Arts And Customs Of Asain Cultures ......................................................................................102 Malcolm Pitt, Apologia, By Way of Preface v Issues Arising In Te International Missionary Council Study On Te Christian Enterprise In China......................................................120 M. Searle Bates Missions In Te Curriculum ........................................................136 Creighton Lacy, Duke University Two Years Of Te Literature Of Missions ....................................148 Frank W. Price, A Review of the Period from the Spring of 1954 to the Spring of 1956, The World Situation 161 Missionary Vocation 4th Biennial Meeting; Boston University School Of Theology; June 16 - 17, 1958 Introduction ............................................................................163 R. Pierce Beaver, President, University of Chicago Te Missionary Calling Of Te Church .......................................165 James A. Scherer, Lutheran School of Missions Discipleship And Mission ............................................................186 James W. Pyke, Wesley Theological Seminary A Critique Of “Discipleship And Mission” ...................................202 William J. Danker, Concordia Theological Seminary Te Vocation Of Te Missionary .................................................209 E. Theodore Bachmann, Pacific