Strengthening Disaster Preparedness of Agricultural Sector in China TCP/CPR 3105 Final Technical Report Report compilation by Liu Yonggong, Wang Xiaoli, Li Jian, Wang Li, Xiao Chuan CIAD, China Agricultural University with support of Dr. Stephan Baas, FAO, Rome December 2009 Beijing, P.R. China 1 The designations employed and the presentation of material in this information product do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) concerning the legal or development status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. The mention of specific companies or products of manufacturers, whether or not these have been patented, does not imply that these have been endorsed or recommended by FAO in preference to others of a similar nature that are not mentioned. The views expressed in this information product are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of FAO. 2 TABLE OF CONTENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY .................................................................................................................................. 7 1. INTRODUCTION ....................................................................................................................................... 10 1.1 BACKGROUND ............................................................................................................................................ 10 1.2 INTRODUCTION OF PROJECT AREA ............................................................................................................. 11 1.3 THE PROJECT ........................................................................................................................................... 12 2. PLANNING THE IMPLEMENTATION PROCESS ....................................................................................12 2.1 SITUATION AND VULNERABILITY ASSESSMENT FOR DRM IN JUYE COUNTY ................................................ 13 2.2 INSTITUTIONAL ASSESSMENT OF THE DRM AND EMERGENCY RESPONSE SYSTEM IN JUYE .......................... 22 2.3. CONCLUSIONS FROM THE SITUATION AND VULNERABILITY ASSESSMENT .................................................. 24 3. PROMOTING AN ENHANCED DRM SYSTEM IN JUYE .........................................................................25 3.1 SOIL IMPROVEMENT AND REHABILITATION MEASURES.............................................................................. 26 3.2 AGRONOMIC MEASURES ........................................................................................................................... 28 3.3 FLOOD DRAINAGE SYSTEM AND WATER ENGINEERING INFRASTRUCTURES ................................................ 32 3.4 EARLY WARNING SYSTEM ENHANCEMENT AND AGRICULTURE INFORMATION ........................................... 34 3.5 DRM ACTIVITIES IN THE FISHERY/AQUACULTURE SECTOR ....................................................................... 39 3.6 FARMER COOPERATIVES AS PARTNERS FOR COMMUNITY BASED DISASTER RISK MANAGEMENT ................ 42 3.7 MAINSTREAMING GENDER IN DISASTER RISK MANAGEMENT .................................................................... 46 3.8 INTEGRATED DRM PLANNING FRAMEWORK AT THE COUNTY LEVEL ......................................................... 50 4. LESSONS LEARNT AND RECOMMENDATIONS ....................................................................................61 4.1 LESSONS LEARNT ..................................................................................................................................... 61 4.2 RECOMMENDATIONS FOR FOLLOW UP........................................................................................................ 62 5. ANNEXES .......................................................................................................................................................64 5.1. GOOD PRACTICE SHEETS ........................................................................................................................... 64 3 Acknowledgement The Project “Strengthening the Preparedness of Agricultural Sector in China (TCP/CPR 3105)” was a Technical Cooperation Project supported by FAO and Ministry of Agriculture (MOA), China. The TCP project consultant team likes to express sincere thanks to Mr. Luo Ming, Division Chief of MOA, Mr. Qu Guoqing, National Project Director (NPD), Mr. Tang Guohua, Program Officer of Shandong Agricultural Department, Mr. Zhang Zhongjun, Deputy Representative of FAO Beijing, Ms. Jiang Han, Program Officer of FAO Beijing, for their technical and administrative supports. Our special thanks also go to the local counterparts in Juye County, Mr. Li Huabei, Vice Governor of Juye County, Mr. Niu Xiangyong, Director of Juye County Agricultural Bureau, Mr. Wang Yansen, Deputy Director of Juye Agricultural Bureau, Mr. Zhang Fangzheng, Vice Governor of Qilin Township of Juye, Mr. Song Yan, Water Engineer of Qilin Tonwship, Mr. Cao Chuanzeng, FC leader of Nancao Village, Yao Yuanchen, Village Leader of Qian Fengqiao, Mr. Zheng Youliang, Village Leader of Liuxi Village and Mr. Chang Haidong, fishery farmer in Caolou Village for their assistance to the team. The outputs of the TCP Project were achieved through very close cooperation between these colleagues and the consultant team. The Expert Team of TCP 3105 December, 2009 4 The TCP Expert Team 1. International expert Dr. Stephan Baas Lead Technical Officer FAO, Rome Dr. Gerd Manulla Fishery Expert, FAO, Rome Ms. Illaria Sisto Gender Specialist, FAO, Rome Dr. Chen Zhijun Program Officer, FAO, Asia and Pacific Dr. Cheng Fang Economist, FAO, Rome Mr. Hideki Kanamaru Disaster Assessment Specialist Mr. Jai Murugesan Disaster Management Specialist, ADPC Dr. Jiang Lingling Researcher of ADPC 2. National experts Prof. Liu Yonggong Rural Development Specialist, CIAD, China Agricultural University-CAU Dr. Zhang Xuemei Gender Specialist, CIAD , CAU Prof. Wang Yangui Water Engineering Specialist, China Academy of Water and Hydraulic Sciences Prof. Wang Yamin Fishery and Aquaculture Specialist, Shandong University Dr. Xiao Fengjin Meteorological Specialist, BCC Prof. Dong Hezhong Agronomist, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences 3. Research Assistants Ms. Wang Xiaoli CIAD, China Agricultural University Ms. Wang Li CIAD, China Agricultural University Mr. Li Jian CIAD, China Agricultural University Ms. Luo Peili CIAD, China Agricultural University Mr. Xiao Chuan CIAD, China Agricultural University Ms. Hong Yujie CIAD, China Agricultural University Mr. Xu Shaobo CIAD, China Agricultural University Ms. Gong Jun CIAD, China Agricultural University Ms. Huang Yannan CIAD, China Agricultural University 5 Major Abbreviations and Acronyms ADPC Asian Disaster Preparedness Center BCC Beijing Climate Center, National Meteorological Administration CIAD Center for Integrated Agricultural Development CDRLC County Disaster Reduction Leading Committee CDRM Community Disaster Risk Management DRM Disaster Risk Management EWS Early warning system FAO Food and Agriculture Organization, United Nations FC Farmers Cooperatives FO Farmers Organization GDP Gross Domestic Production IDNDR International Decade of National Disaster Reduction LOA Letter of Agreement LTO Leading Technical Officer, FAO MOA Ministry of Agriculture, China NPD National Project Director PECP Public Emergency Contingencies Plan PMO Project Management Office PSC Project Steering Committee RADAR Rapid Agricultural Disaster Assessment Routine RMB Renminbi Yuan SDPAS Strengthening Disaster Preparedness in Agricultural Sector SDRC State Disaster Reduction Commission TCP Technical Cooperation Project TOR Terms of Reference 1 ha=15 Chinese mu 1 USD=6.8 Chinese Yuan 6 Executive Summary Agriculture is among China’s most vulnerable sectors to the impacts of natural and meteorological hazards. According to national statistics, the annual average economic loss caused by natural disasters in the country reached 176.2 billion Yuan/year, which is about 2.0-6.0% of the annual GDP; and 380million people/year on average are affected by disasters. The Project “Strengthening Disaster Preparedness of Agricultural Sector in China (TCP/CPR 3105)” was implemented from August 2007 to December 2009 in Juye County Shandong Province. The Chinese government counterpart institutions included: (i) Ministry of Agriculture (MOA) as the lead national counterpart; (ii) the Shandong Provincial Department of Agriculture; (iii) the Juye County Government of Shandong Province. The project supported the implementation of China’s new policy framework and priorities set in the new government legislation on natural disaster prevention (2005). The overall project objective was to assist the MOA, on a pilot basis in Juye, in testing and operationalizing the shift from an emergency response oriented approach towards the new policy framework, which gives equal importance to disaster risk prevention and preparedness. The agricultural sector at county level was used as entry point to lead the project’s pilot implementation process in collaboration with other sectors and partners. The county level government agencies who participated in the project were: Agricultural Bureau; Water Resource Bureau; Meteorological Bureau; Fishery Bureau; Land Administration Bureau; Bureau of Civil Affaires; County All China Women’s Federation; Livestock Bureau. A variety of sector and sub-sector specific field activities were implemented