Guide to Species of Management Concern British Columbia Timber Sales Skeena Business Area Prepared by Crispin S. Guppy, RPBio. [email protected] March 2008 Updated by McElhanney Consulting Services Ltd. [email protected] Prepared for BC Timber Sales Skeena Business Area Ministry of Forests and Range 200 – 5220 Keith Avenue Terrace, BC V8G 1L1 Canada Updated March 2017 1 TABLE OF CONTENTS 1.0 INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................................... 6 2.0 METHODS ....................................................................................................................................... 14 3.0 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION ........................................................................................................ 22 4.0 REFERENCES ................................................................................................................................ 24 INVERTEBRATES ...................................................................................................................................... 37 1. AFRANIUS DUSKYWING....................................................................................................................... 38 2. NORTHERN ABALONE ......................................................................................................................... 40 3. OLYMPIA OYSTER ................................................................................................................................ 43 4. PLAINS FORKTAIL ................................................................................................................................ 45 AMPHIBIANS .............................................................................................................................................. 47 5. COASTAL TAILED FROG ...................................................................................................................... 48 6. WESTERN TOAD ................................................................................................................................... 52 FISH ............................................................................................................................................................. 56 7. BULL TROUT .......................................................................................................................................... 57 8. EULACHON ............................................................................................................................................ 61 9. GREEN STURGEON .............................................................................................................................. 63 MAMMALS .................................................................................................................................................. 67 10. AMERICAN MARTEN ........................................................................................................................... 68 11. PACIFIC MARTEN ................................................................................................................................ 68 12. BLACK BEAR ....................................................................................................................................... 70 13. KERMODE BLACK BEAR ................................................................................................................... 70 14. CARIBOU (NORTHERN MOUNTAIN POPULATION) ......................................................................... 73 15. FISHER ................................................................................................................................................. 77 16. GREY WHALE ...................................................................................................................................... 80 17. GRIZZLY BEAR .................................................................................................................................... 83 18. HARBOUR PORPOISE ........................................................................................................................ 89 19. HUMPBACK WHALE ........................................................................................................................... 92 20. KILLER WHALE (NORTHEAST PACIFIC OFFSHORE POPULATION) ............................................ 94 21. KILLER WHALE (NORTHEAST PACIFIC NORTHERN RESIDENT POPULATION) ........................ 94 22. KILLER WHALE (WEST COAST TRANSIENT POPULATION) ......................................................... 94 23. LITTLE BROWN MYOTIS .................................................................................................................... 98 24. MOOSE ............................................................................................................................................... 101 25. MOUNTAIN GOAT .............................................................................................................................. 105 2 26. MULE DEER ....................................................................................................................................... 109 27. SITKA BLACK-TAILED DEER ........................................................................................................... 109 28. WHITE TAIL DEER ............................................................................................................................. 109 29. SEA OTTER ........................................................................................................................................ 113 30. STELLER SEA LION .......................................................................................................................... 118 31. WOLVERINE, LUSCUS SUBSPECIES .............................................................................................. 121 BIRDS ........................................................................................................................................................ 124 32. ANCIENT MURRELET ........................................................................................................................ 125 33. BALD EAGLE ..................................................................................................................................... 127 34. BAND-TAILED PIGEON ..................................................................................................................... 130 35. CANADA GOOSE, OCCIDENTALIS SUBSPECIES ......................................................................... 132 36. COMMON MURRE .............................................................................................................................. 134 37. COMMON NIGHTHAWK .................................................................................................................... 136 38. GREAT BLUE HERON, FANNINI SUBSPECIES .............................................................................. 140 39. MARBLED MURRELET...................................................................................................................... 143 40. NORTHERN GOSHAWK, ATRICAPILLUS SUBSPECIES ............................................................... 149 41. NORTHERN GOSHAWK, LAINGI SUBSPECIES ............................................................................. 153 42. OLIVE-SIDED FLYCATCHER ............................................................................................................ 157 43. PELAGIC CORMORANT, PELAGICUS SUBSPECIES .................................................................... 159 44. PEREGRINE FALCON, PEALEI SUBSPECIES ................................................................................ 161 45. RUSTY BLACKBIRD .......................................................................................................................... 164 46. SHORT-EARED OWL ......................................................................................................................... 167 47. SWAINSON'S HAWK ......................................................................................................................... 170 48. TRUMPETER SWAN .......................................................................................................................... 172 49. WESTERN GREBE ............................................................................................................................. 174 50. WESTERN SCREECH-OWL, KENNICOTTII SUBSPECIES ............................................................. 176 PLANTS .................................................................................................................................................... 179 51. DIDYMODON LESKEOIDES .............................................................................................................. 180 52. AMERICAN SWEET-FLAG ................................................................................................................ 182 53. ARCTIC DAISY ................................................................................................................................... 184 54. CRYPTIC PAW ................................................................................................................................... 187 55. EMINENT BLUEGRASS ....................................................................................................................