Above: artist rendering of Russia’s PTK NP (PPTS) 6-person successor to the venerable Soyuz Capsule Article Sections This Issue Welcome to Moon Miners’ Manifesto Indian Space News India Quarterly Edition #8 6 articles, 3 writers pp. 3-12 This issue completes the first two years! How fast Is There a Space Race or Not? time goes by when we are having fun! For us this has been 3 articles, 3 writers pp. 3-4, 27-30 a rewarding endeavor. The growing number of articles by Indian writers, Student Projects & Chapters and the high quality of their contributions bodes well for the 4 reports, 4 writers pp. 14-18 future. In the coming year (#3!), we foresee a continuing Analog Station Research shift in contributions and a gradual “reinvention” of the 3 articles, 2 writers pp. 21-26 MMM-India Quarterly – M3IQ – which may well include a new name and a new look as well as some shift in content. The Bernal Sphere Space Settlement pp. 30-31 That is as it should be. Speaking for the original Using Aircraft to Explore Mars page 32 editors, Dave Dunlop, Madhu Thangavelu, and myself, our The “Farm:” An Inflatable Centrifuge Biology job definition includes turning over the ownership – that is, Research Module on ISS “working ourselves out of a job.” M. Thangavelu, L. Simurda p. 33-39 The process is working well. Most of all, we are Complete article & feature index on the last page gratified to see the rise of enthusiasm within India about space and for India’s future in space! Peter Kokh. 1 About The Moon Society About MMM-India Quarterly http://www,moonsociety.org http://india.moonsociety.org/india/mmm-india/ Our Vision says Who We Are This publication was launched with the Fall 2008 We envision a future in which the free enterprise issue. This issue completes our 2nd year. The Moon human economy has expanded to include settlements Society was founded as an International organization, on the Moon and elsewhere, contributing products and but in fact has few members outside the United States, services that will foster a better life for all humanity on and these are for the most part solitary and unorganized. Earth and beyond, inspiring our youth, and fostering hope in an open-ended positive future for humankind. Background The Moon Society and The Planetary Society of Moon Society Mission Youth (TPSY) in India, http://www.youthplanetary.org/ Our Mission is to inspire and involve people in December 2003, put together a "Design a Mission to everywhere, and from all walks of life, in the effort to the Moon" category in TPSY's student design contest -- create an expanded Earth-Moon economy that will "A Mission to the Moon and Beyond." contribute solutions to the major problems that The contest was designed to help students learn continue to challenge our home world. about various objects in the solar system as they Moon Society Strategy compete in the design of a mission. We seek to address these goals through education, www.youthplanetary.org/moon_mission_contest.html outreach to young people and to people in general, Why an MMM-India Quarterly? contests & competitions, workshops, ground level research and technology experiments, private India is a very populous country, and one in entrepreneurial ventures, moonbase simulation which, through the heritage of the British Raj, English is exercises, tourist centers, and other legitimate means. the almost universal medium of higher education. It is likely that English-fluent Indians outnumber English About Moon Miners’ Manifesto speakers in the United States. More books are published http://www.MoonMinersManifesto.com in English than in any other country. MMM is published 10 times a year (except January and And – India has now gone to the Moon! July. The December 2009 issue began its 24th year of In short, we want to share with space-interested continuous publication. and space-enthused people in India, our vision of the Most issues deal with the opening of the Lunar possibilities for Exploration and Utilization of the frontier, suggesting how pioneers can make best use Moon, development of lunar resources, not just to of local resources and learn to make themselves at support a permanent population on the Moon, but to home. This will involve psychological, social, and help better address chronic clean energy supply physiological adjustment. problems on Earth and to help slow and reverse our Some of the points made will relate specifically to home planet’s environ-mental degradation in the pioneer life in the lunar environment. But much of process. In short, we would like to share our glimpse of what will hold for the Moon, will also hold true for an emerging greater Earth-Moon Economy. Mars and for space in general. We have one Mars This vision was well-expressed by the former theme issue each year, and occasionally other space President of India, Dr. A. P. J. Abdul Kalam in a speech destinations are discussed: the asteroids, Europa at The Symposium on “The Future of Space Explora- (Jupiter), Titan (Saturn), even the cloud tops of Venus. tion: Solutions to Earthly Problems” to mark the Issues #145 (May 2001) forward through current are as occasion of the 50th Anniversary of the dawn of Space pdf file downloads with a Moon Society username and Age, Boston University, Boston, MA, April 12, 2007. password. Moon Society International memberships are $35 US; $20 students, seniors – join online at: In this speech, Dr. Kalam made the point that to http://www.moonsociety.org/register/ fully industrialize and become an equal partner in the future of our planet, India needs to access the unlimited MMM Classics: All the “non-time-sensitive editorials clean undiluted solar energy available in space. We and articles from past issues of MMM have been re- agree with his assertions and want to share that bold edited and republished in pdf files, one per publication vision with the forward-looking people of India. year. A 3-year plus lag is kept between the MMM Classic volumes and the current issue. These issues are Free Access: freely accessible, no username or password needed, at: MMM-India Quarterly issues are available as a www.moonsocietyorg/publications/mmm_classics/ free access pdf file, downloadable from this address: Editors of MMM-India Quarterly: http://www.moonsociety.org/india/mmm-india Peter Kokh [email protected] We encourage readers to share these files with others freely, and to use this publication to grow and cultivate Madhu Thangavelu [email protected] wide-spread interest in the open-ended possibilities of David A. Dunlop [email protected] space among the people of India, and to encourage the Pradeep Mohandas [email protected] rise of additional citizen support space organizations Srivinas Laxman [email protected] within the country. 2 jump into conclusions too hastily either. Let us wait for the final announcement expected a few months later. Do not be India surprised if at the last moment ISRO decids to accept Space Front foreign payloads. Principal investigator of M3 Carle Pieters told Updates MMMIQ during the Chandrayaan-1 scientific conference at Ahmedabad in February 2010 that ``she would be willing to participate in Chandrayaan-2, but her opinion was not the official standpoint of NASA. A lot still needs to be done on Chandrayaan-2 Report the Moon,’’ she said. Chandrayaan-2 is a joint Indo-Russian mission and By Srinivas Laxman only the lander is the Russian contribution. But, ISRO has India’s second mission to the moon, ”Chandrayaan-2,” not ruled out the possibility of adding more payloads at a has taken a definite shape, but certainly not before it has later stage depending on the mission profile. The Indo- delivered a subtle message to countries which were looking Russian agreement for this mission was signed in Moscow forward to participating in the much-awaited Rs 425-crore on November 12, 2007 and approved by the Union Cabinet lunar flight slated for launch in 2013. on September 18, 2008. The original pact envisaged a What is this message? While announcing the initial Russian lander and a 50 kg Russian rover. The primary seven payloads, which will fly in the India-built orbiter and mission objective of Chandrayaan-2 is to hunt deeper for the rover, there is undoubtedly a hidden message---India water and carry out a survey of minerals on the lunar would rather go back to the Moon with Indian passengers surface and do a 3-D map of the Moon than with foreigners to avoid any controversy at a later Of the five payloads in the Chandrayaan-2 orbiter, stage. three are new and two are improved versions of the This preliminary plan needs to be viewed in the instruments which operated on Chandrayaan-1. context of the unfortunate development in Chandrayaan-1 in which India’s role in first discovering lunar water on New Payloads November 14,2008, by Chace-1 (Chandra’s Altitudunal • Large Area Soft X-ray Spectrometer (CLASS) from the Composition Explorer)—one of the three payloads which ISRO Satellite Centre, Bangalore and Solar X-ray Monitor flew on the Moon Impact Probe--which crash landed on the (XSM) from the Physical Research Laboratory, south pole region of the Moon was completely sidelined. Ahmedabad. Their role is to map the major elements present on the lunar surface. The sensational find by India failed to attract any recognition both abroad and surprisingly even in this • L and S band Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) from country understandably causing a lot of demoralization the Space Applications Centre, Ahmedabad. It will probe among scientists, some of whom never failed to vent their the first few tens of meters of the lunar surface for the feelings, plucking courage to break the official code of presence of different constituents including water ice.