THE LIFE OF TERESA OF JESUS The Autobiography of Teresa of Ávila TRANSLATED & EDITED BY E. ALLISON PEERS FROM THE CRITICAL EDITION OF P. SILVERIO DE SANTA TERESA, C. D. Scanned by Harry Plantinga, [email protected], 1995 This electronic text is in the public domain 2 To the Gracious Memory of P. EDMUND GURDON Sometime Prior of the Carthusian Monastery of Miraflores A man of God 3 CONTENTS TRANSLATOR'S PREFACE PRINCIPAL ABBREVIATIONS AN OUTLINE OF THE LIFE OF ST. TERESA GENERAL INTRODUCTION TO THE WORKS OF ST. TERESA THE LIFE OF THE HOLY MOTHER TERESA OF JESUS INTRODUCTION CHAPTER I. -- Describes how the Lord began to awaken her soul in childhood to a love of virtue and what a help it is in this respect to have good parents CHAPTER II. -- Describes how these virtues were gradually lost and how important it is in childhood to associate with people of virtue CHAPTER III. -- Describes how good companionship helped to awaken desires in her and the way in which the Lord began to give her light concerning the delusion under which she had been suffering CHAPTER IV. -- Describes how the Lord helped her to force herself to take the habit and tells of the numerous infirmities which His Majesty began to send her CHAPTER V. -- Continues to tell of the grievous infirmities which she suffered and of the patience given her by the Lord, and of how He brings good out of evil, as will be seen from an incident which happened to her in the place where she went for treatment CHAPTER VI. -- Describes all that she owed to the Lord for granting her resignation in such great trials; and how she took the glorious Saint Joseph for her mediator and advocate; and the great profit that this brought her CHAPTER VII. -- Describes how she began to lose the favours which the Lord had granted her and how evil her life be came. Treats of the harm that comes to convents from laxity in the observance of the rule of enclosure CHAPTER VIII. -- Treats of the great benefit which she derived from not entirely giving up prayer lest she should ruin her soul. Describes the excellence of prayer as a help towards regaining what one has lost. Urges all to practise it. Says what great gain it brings and how great a benefit it is, even for those who may later give it up, to spend some time on a thing which is so good CHAPTER IX. -- Describes the means by which the Lord began to awaken her soul and to give her light amid such great darkness, and to strengthen the virtues in her so that she should not offend Him CHAPTER X. -- Begins to describe the favours which the Lord granted her in prayer. Explains what part we ourselves can play here, and how important it is that we should understand the favours which the Lord is granting us. Asks those to 4 whom she is sending this that the remainder of what she writes may be kept secret, since she has been commanded to describe in great detail the favours granted her by the Lord CHAPTER XI. -- Gives the reason why we do not learn to love God perfectly in a short time. Begins, by means of a comparison, to describe four degrees of prayer, concerning the first of which something is here said. This is most profitable for beginners and for those who are receiving no consolations in prayer CHAPTER XII. -- Continues to describe this first state. Tells how far, with the help of God, we can advance by ourselves and describes the harm that ensues when the spirit attempts to aspire to unusual and supernatural experiences before they are bestowed upon it by the Lord CHAPTER XIII. -- Continues to describe this first state and gives counsels for dealing with certain temptations which the devil is sometimes wont to prepare. This chapter is very profitable CHAPTER XIV. -- Begins to describe the second degree of prayer, in which the Lord grants the soul experience of more special consolations. This description is made in order to explain the supernatural character of these consolations. It should be most carefully noted CHAPTER XV. -- Continues speaking of the same subject and gives certain counsels as to how the soul must behave in this Prayer of Quiet. Tells how there are many souls who attain to this prayer and few who pass beyond it. The things touched herein are very necessary and profitable CHAPTER XVI. -- Treats of the third degree of prayer and continues to expound very lofty matters, describing what the soul that reaches this state is able to do and the effects produced by these great favours of the Lord. This chapter is well calculated to uplift the spirit in praises to God and to provide great consolation for those who reach this state CHAPTER XVII. -- Continues the same subject, the exposition of this third degree of prayer. Concludes her exposition of the effects produced by it. Describes the hindrances caused in this state by the imagination and the memory CHAPTER XVIII. -- Treats of the fourth degree of prayer. Begins to describe in an excellent way the great dignity conferred by the Lord upon the soul in this state. This chapter is meant for the great encouragement of those who practise prayer to the end that they may strive to reach this lofty state, which it is possible to attain on earth, though not through our merits but by the Lord's goodness. Let it be read with attention, for its exposition is most subtle and it contains most noteworthy things CHAPTER XIX. -- Continues the same subject. Begins to describe the effects produced in the soul by this degree of prayer. Exhorts souls earnestly not to turn back, even if after receiving this favour they should fall, and not to give up prayer. Describes the harm that will ensue if they do not follow this counsel. This chapter is to be read very carefully and will be of great comfort to the weak and to sinners CHAPTER XX. -- Treats of the difference between union and rapture. Describes the nature of rapture and says something of the blessing that comes to the soul 5 which the Lord, of His goodness, brings to it. Describes the effects which it produces. This chapter is particularly admirable CHAPTER XXI. -- Continues and ends the account of this last degree of prayer. Describes the feelings of the soul in this state on its return to life in the world and the light which the Lord sheds for it on the world's delusions. Contains good doctrine CHAPTER XXII. -- Describes how safe a practice it is for contemplatives not to uplift their spirits to lofty things if they are not so uplifted by the Lord, and how the path leading to the most exalted contemplation must be the Humanity of Christ. Tells of an occasion on which she was herself deceived. This chapter is very profitable CHAPTER XXIII. -- Resumes the description of the course of her life and tells how and by what means she began to aim at greater perfection. It is of advantage for persons who are concerned in the direction of souls that practise prayer to know how they must conduct themselves in the early stages. The profit that she herself gained thereby CHAPTER XXIV. -- Continues the subject already begun. Describes how her soul profited more and more after she began to obey, how little it availed her to resist the favours of God and how His Majesty went on giving them to her in increasing measure CHAPTER XXV. -- Discusses the method and manner in which these locutions bestowed by God on the soul are apprehended without being heard and also certain kinds of deception which may occur here and the way to recognize them. This chapter is most profitable for anyone who finds himself at this stage of prayer because the exposition is very good and contains much teaching CHAPTER XXVI. -- Continues the same subject. Goes on with the description and explanation of things which befell her and which rid her of her fears and assured her that it was the good spirit that was speaking to her CHAPTER XXVII. -- Treats of another way in which the Lord teaches the soul and in an admirable manner makes His will plain to it without the use of words. Describes a vision and a great favour, not imaginary, granted her by the Lord. This chapter should be carefully noted CHAPTER XXVIII. -- Treats of the great favours which the Lord bestowed upon her, and of His first appearance to her. Describes the nature of an imaginary vision. Enumerates the important effects and signs which this produces when it proceeds from God. This chapter is very profitable and should be carefully noted CHAPTER XXIX. -- Continues the subject already begun and describes certain great favours which the Lord showed her and the things which His Majesty said to her to reassure her and give her answers for those who opposed her CHAPTER XXX. -- Takes up the course of her life again and tells how the Lord granted her great relief from her trials by bringing her a visit from the holy man, Fray Peter of Alcántara, of the Order of the glorious Saint Francis. Discusses the severe temptations and interior trials which she sometimes suffered 6 CHAPTER XXXI. -- Treats of certain outward temptations and representations made to her by the devil and of tortures which he caused her. Discusses likewise several matters which are extremely useful for people to know if they are walking on the road to perfection CHAPTER XXXII.