Strasbourg, 3 October 2008 CDL-JD(2008)003* Study No. 494/2008 Engl. only EUROPEAN COMMISSION FOR DEMOCRACY THROUGH LAW (VENICE COMMISSION) CONSTITUTIONAL PROVISIONS ON THE PROSECUTION SERVICE IN COUNCIL OF EUROPE MEMBER STATES *This document has been classified restricted on the date of issue. Unless the Venice Commission decides otherwise, it will be declassified a year after its issue according to the rules set up in Resolution CM/Res(2001)6 on access to Council of Europe documents. This document will not be distributed at the meeting. Please bring this copy. www.venice.coe.int CDL-JD(2008)003 - 2 - Table of contents I. Introduction ................................................................................................................... 5 II. Overview according to ‘legal families’............................................................................ 5 III. Conclusions............................................................................................................... 6 IV. Common Law system................................................................................................ 7 A. Appointment, incompatibilities, transfers, detachements, promotion, retirement and dissmisal ........................................................................................................................... 7 1. Cyprus................................................................................................................... 7 2. Malta ..................................................................................................................... 7 B. Hierarchical structure; relation with other state bodies............................................... 7 1. Cyprus................................................................................................................... 7 2. Malta ..................................................................................................................... 7 C. Powers ...................................................................................................................... 7 1. Cyprus................................................................................................................... 7 D. Discipline, liability ...................................................................................................... 8 1. Malta ..................................................................................................................... 8 V. French legal family ........................................................................................................ 9 A. Appointment, incompatibilities, transfers, detachements, promotion, retirement and dissmisal ........................................................................................................................... 9 1. Andorra.................................................................................................................. 9 2. Croatia................................................................................................................... 9 3. France ................................................................................................................. 10 4. Greece ................................................................................................................ 11 5. Netherlands ......................................................................................................... 13 6. Spain ................................................................................................................... 13 7. Turkey ................................................................................................................. 13 B. Hierarchical structure; relation with other state bodies............................................. 16 1. Andorra................................................................................................................ 16 2. Greece ................................................................................................................ 16 3. Spain ................................................................................................................... 17 4. Turkey ................................................................................................................. 17 C. Powers .................................................................................................................... 17 1. Andorra................................................................................................................ 17 2. Croatia................................................................................................................. 17 3. France ................................................................................................................. 18 4. Greece ................................................................................................................ 18 5. Spain ................................................................................................................... 19 D. Discipline, liability .................................................................................................... 19 1. Croatia................................................................................................................. 19 2. France ................................................................................................................. 19 3. Greece ................................................................................................................ 19 4. Turkey ................................................................................................................. 20 VI. German legal family................................................................................................. 21 A. Appointment, incompatibilities, transfers, detachements, promotion, retirement and dissmisal ......................................................................................................................... 21 1. Albania ................................................................................................................ 21 2. Bulgaria ............................................................................................................... 21 3. Czech Republic ................................................................................................... 22 4. Finland ................................................................................................................ 22 5. Hungary............................................................................................................... 22 6. Lithuania.............................................................................................................. 23 7. Montenégro ......................................................................................................... 23 8. Poland ................................................................................................................. 24 9. Portugal............................................................................................................... 24 - 3 - CDL-JD(2008)003 10. Romania .......................................................................................................... 24 11. Serbia .............................................................................................................. 24 12. Slovenia........................................................................................................... 26 B. Hierarchical structure; relation with other state bodies............................................. 26 1. Albania ................................................................................................................ 26 2. Austria ................................................................................................................. 26 3. Bulgaria ............................................................................................................... 26 4. Estonia ................................................................................................................ 27 5. Finland ................................................................................................................ 28 6. Hungary............................................................................................................... 28 7. Italy...................................................................................................................... 28 8. Lithuania.............................................................................................................. 28 9. Montenegro ......................................................................................................... 28 10. Portugal ........................................................................................................... 29 11. Slovakia........................................................................................................... 29 12. Romania .......................................................................................................... 30 13. Serbia .............................................................................................................. 30 14. Sweden ........................................................................................................... 30 C. Powers ...................................................................................................................