International Journal of Applied Linguistics, Volume 2, Issue 1. Literature and Translation March 30, 2021 __________________________________________________________ Dramatic Effects of the Most Important Instruments and Figure of Rhetoric in Shakespeare’s “Twelfth Night” Dr. S.M. Khan Lecturer Department of Languages and Translation, Najran University, KSA. Abstract: This research paper examines the dramatic effect of the most important instruments and figure of rhetoric in Shakespeare’s one of the major comedy “Twelfth Night”. William Shakespeare’s Twelfth Night is one of his most popular comedy in English history. Twelfth Night has naturally pulled in basic consideration regarding its strict references and themes. This research sheds lights on the use of figurative language as Shakespeare speaks with metaphors, personification, and similes. The present study also shows the dramatic techniques such as dialogue, soliloquy and irony to depict human desire, ambition, and relationships. To recognize the rhetoric devices, we have to recall the characters who speak figuratively throughout the play to understand the it. Keywords: Comedy, figure of rhetoric, tools, Dramatic Effects and Twelfth Night. Introduction: The play, Twelfth Night, additionally named What You Will composed by William Shakespeare is a rom-com. It was composed around in 1601 or 1602 to be arranged on the Christmas day. The play is about the twins, Sebastian and Viola, isolated during a tempest when their boat is destroyed. Viola, camouflaging as Cesario, loves Duke Orsino. Duke, then again, loves Olivia. The storyline is expressed to have been gotten from the narrative of Matteo Bandello. In any case, its distribution is expressed to have been delay until the main folio in 1623. The play opens with Orsino frantically enamored with Lady Olivia, who doesn't adore him back. Duke Orsino persuades himself that he adores Olivia and that is sufficient. Consequently, he resends a proposition communicating his undying energy for Olivia. As she is grieving after her dad and sibling's demise, she dismisses him, saying she won't wed for the following seven years. In the meantime, Viola, alongside her commander, Antonio, and team endure a wreck on the coastline of Illyria. The commander assists her with arriving at the shore. Nonetheless, she doesn't track down her twin sibling, Sebastian, and expects he probably been suffocated. The skipper, at that point, assists her with camouflaging a youngster, Cesario. Viola accepts the position of the associate of Duke Orsino. Duke Orsino is as yet fixated on Olivia and requests that Cesario visit Olivia and let her think about his unselfish, energetic love. In an amazing turn of occasion, Olivia falls head over heels for Cesario, who conveys Orsino's message to persuade her to wed the duke. Nonetheless, Olivia rejects Orsino again leaving him shattered. Viola, simultaneously, begins adoring the duke. This makes such an affection triangle. www.ijallt.com International Journal of Applied Linguistics, Literature and Translation -15- International Journal of Applied Linguistics, Volume 2, Issue 1. Literature and Translation March 30, 2021 __________________________________________________________ In the comic subplot, a few characters’ scheme to make Olivia's bombastic steward, Malvolio, accept that Olivia has succumbed to him. This includes Olivia's uncle, Sir Toby Burp; another would-be admirer, a senseless assistant named Sir Andrew Aguecheek; her workers Maria and Fabian; and her bonehead, Feste. Sir Toby and Sir Andrew lock in themselves in drinking and party, in this manner upsetting the tranquility of Olivia's home until late into the evening, inciting Malvolio to berate them. Sir Toby broadly answers, "Dost thou think, since thou craftsmanship prudent, there will be no more cakes and beer?" (Act II, Scene III) Sir Toby, Sir Andrew and Maria are incited to design vengeance on Malvolio. They persuade Malvolio that Olivia is subtly enamored with him by planting a love letter, composed by Maria in Olivia's grasp. It requests that Malvolio wear yellow stockings cross-gartered, to be impolite to the remainder of the workers, and to grin continually in the presence of Olivia. Malvolio finds the letter and responds in astounded joy. He begins showcasing the substance of the letter to show Olivia his positive reaction. Olivia is stunned by the progressions in Malvolio and leaves him to the contraptions of his abusers. Imagining that Malvolio is crazy, they lock him up in a dim chamber. Feste visits him to deride his madness, both camouflaged as a minister and as himself. Shakespeare's plays were composed to be performed to people from various social classes and of changing degrees of acumen. Subsequently they contain practical characters who appeal to the regular workers, next to each other with intricacies of plot which would fulfill the cravings of the blue-bloods among the crowd. His contemporary status is unique, and Shakespeare's plays have become an image of culture and training, being generally utilized as a subject for scholarly investigation and abstract analysis. A nearby basic investigation of Twelfth Night can uncover how Shakespeare controls the structure, construction, and language to add to the significance of his plays. Through the type of discourse Shakespeare passes on the connection between characters. For instance, the companionship and comprehension among Olivia, and her worker Feste, the comedian, is appeared in their exchange in Act I, Scene 5. In this scene Shakespeare shows that the two characters are scholarly people by building their debate in writing. Portraying Feste, Shakespeare gives him the maxim, Better a clever imbecile than an absurd mind. [Feste. Act 1, scene 5] Important Instruments Literary Devices: A vital device for understanding Shakespeare's plays is the 'twofold plot' instrument. What was surprising about Twelfth Night was that the 'high plot' and the 'low plot' reflected each other, and yet the two plots went in inverse ways toward regenerative, bubbly satire, and furthermore toward scenes of malevolent mercilessness and dismissal. Negative components, which were not restricted to Malvolio, yet additionally included Sir Toby, Sir Andrew, and Antonio – a mariner who become friends with Viola's sibling Sebastian and shaped a solid connection to him. In Shakespeare's plays, negative components truly relied upon how the chief and entertainers chose to play the parts. The personality of Antonio couldn't tolerate letting Sebastian far away from him, despite the fact that he followed him at some close to home danger to himself. At a certain point in the play, he said: I have many enemies at Orsino’s court, Else would I very shortly see thee there: www.ijallt.com International Journal of Applied Linguistics, Literature and Translation -16- International Journal of Applied Linguistics, Volume 2, Issue 1. Literature and Translation March 30, 2021 __________________________________________________________ But come what may, I do adore thee so, That danger shall seem sport, and I will go. The play, Twelfth Night, shows the authority of William Shakespeare in utilizing clever and merry language. The title of the play shows this dominance. The play additionally shows its language getting entertaining and funny just as comic and heartfelt as per the circumstance and setting with the way things are amusing when Feste shows up, while it is unexpected when Olivia and Malvolio show up on the scene. Essentially, Sir Toby and Sir Andrew are arrogant and mocking, while their language, as well, follows their air. On occasion, Shakespeare has turned to the utilization of quips, similitudes, and exorbitant utilization of likenesses that is reasonable for composition and section which mirrors the temperament of the characters just as the tone of the play. Alliteration: It is an elaborate gadget wherein various words, having a similar first consonant sound, happen near one another in an arrangement. A play written in clear section, Twelfth Night shows numerous instances of the utilization of similar sounding word usage. For instance, “No man must know.” What follows? The numbers altered. “No man must know.” If this should be thee, Malvolio? (Act-II, Scene-V, Lines, 91-93) By this hand, they are scoundrels and substractors that Say so of him. Who are they? (Act-I, Scene-IV, Line,30-31) And with what wing the staniel checks at it! (Act-II, Scene-V, Line, 108) The above expressions have been extracted from different acts and scenes to show the alliteration used in the play. Allegory: Allegory is literary device wherein theoretical thoughts and standards are depicted as far as characters, figures, and occasions. Twelfth Night is a moral story in that it shows that the general public having various characters acting contrastingly as per the conditions. The dramatist presents conditions of individuals going through wrecking, masking, adoring, and un-cherishing simultaneously. These individuals are the genuine ones, discovering language from the circumstances they face as people. Along these lines, it is a fantastical moral story. Assonance: Assonance happens when at least two words, near each other recurrent a similar vowel sound, however start with various consonant sounds. The play, Twelfth Night, shows great utilization of sound similarity. For instance, Bid the dishonest man mend himself – if he mend, he is no longer dishonest. (Act-I, Scene-V, Line, 38-40) Why then, methinks ’tis time to smile again. world, how apt the poor are to be proud! (Act-III, Scene-I, Line, 121-122) Why should I not, had I the heart to do it. (Act-V, Scene-I, Lines, 111) In these lines vowel sounds are repeated in many places to show the example of assonance. i.e. the sound of /i/, sound /o/ and sound /ai/. www.ijallt.com International Journal of Applied Linguistics, Literature and Translation -17- International Journal of Applied Linguistics, Volume 2, Issue 1. Literature and Translation March 30, 2021 __________________________________________________________ Antagonist: Antagonist is a bad character in a play, Malvolio is by all accounts a bad character in the play.