讼µĝ uµ Photographs: United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF) and Odisha State Disaster Management Authority (OSDMA) Publishing support including editing and designing: Lucid Solutions, www.lucidsolutionsonline.com Contents Foreword v Acknowledgements vii Executive Summary xi SOCIAL SECTORS 1. Housing, Land, and Settlements 3 2. Education and Child Protection 20 3. Health, Nutrition, and Food Security 28 4. Cultural Heritage and Tourism 38 PRODUCTIVE SECTORS 5. Agriculture, Fisheries, and Livestock 53 INFRASTRUCTURE SECTORS 6. Power 81 7. Telecommunications 86 8. Roads 91 9. Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene 99 10. Public Buildings 109 11. Water Resources 114 CROSS CUTTING SECTORS 12. Employment, Livelihoods, and Social Protection 119 13. Gender and Social Inclusion 133 14. Environment 143 15. Disaster Risk Reduction 149 Contents HUMAN IMPACT AND MACROECONOMIC IMPACT 16. Human Impact Assessment 159 17. Macroeconomic Impact Assessment 174 RECOVERY STRATEGY 18. Recovery Strategy 187 ANNEXES Annexes to Chapters 195 Abbreviations and Acronyms 229 DLNA Sector Teams and Contributors 232 iv NAVEEN PATNAIK STATE SECRETARIAT CHIEF MINISTER, ODISHA BHUBANESWAR FOREWORD Odisha faced Extremely Severe Cyclone ‘FANI’ in 3rd May this year. FANI was one of the rarest of rare summer cyclones, the fi rst one to hit in 43 years and one of the only three cyclones to hit Odisha in the last 150 years. It caused havoc in Puri and Khurda districts and left marks of extensive damage to life and property of more than 1.65 crore people in 12 districts it passed through. As Odisha has already set global benchmark in handling disasters by leveraging technology, strengthening institutional capacities and building resilient measures, it was fully prepared to face all possible eventualities in the face of this calamity of national magnitude. It undertook one of the bigges t human evacuations in history with a record 1.5 million people being shifted in just 24 hours. The exemplary courage and strength shown by the people of Odisha in the face of such a calamity and the human resource and services extended by various state Governments, national and international organizations was overwhelming. While the relief operations were underway, the Government of Odisha in collaboration with The World Bank, Asian Development Bank and the United Nations undertook a detailed assessment of the damage and the recovery needs across 15 sectors. The Assessment spanned over a period of 20 days with a team of more than 100 multisectoral experts from all the three institutions, along with offi cials from various departments, local NGOs and eminent experts. Members of the civil society were consulted on their perspectives into the recovery. The assessment report provides an overview of the macroeconomic and human impact of the disaster and is a fi rst step towards the long road in recovery and achievement of a vision for Resilient Odisha. It proposes a recovery strategy based on the above vision which is built around three pillars; Resilient Housing, Resilient Infrastructure and Resilient Livelihoods. Government duly acknowledges the work of the assessment team members in drafting this report that provides a way forward to recovery of the State. The Government of Odisha invites international agencies, national NGOs, the private sector and the civil society to join the recovery and reconstruction efforts together with the affected communities to rebuild Odisha. (NAVEEN PATNAIK) Phone: 0674-2531100 (Off.), 0674-2591099 (Res.), Fax: 0674-2535100 (Off.), 0674-2590833 (Res.), E-mail : [email protected], twitterid:twitter.com/CMO_Odisha Facebook id: facebook.com/CMO.Odislia Acknowledgements Th e Damage, Loss, and Needs Assessment (DLNA) for Technical Education Department; Directorate of Technical Cyclone Fani in Odisha was made possible due to the Education & Training; Directorate of Employment; Odisha collaborative eff orts of the Government of Odisha, the Industrial Infrastructure Development Corporation; Odisha Odisha State Disaster Management Authority (OSDMA), Skill Development Authority; Orissa Rural Development & the United Nations agencies, the World Bank, and the Marketing Society (ORMAS); Department of Home; Fire Asian Development Bank. Services; Odisha Disaster Rapid Action Force (ODRAF), Th e contributions of the following organisations, Odisha Water Authority; Sriram Chandra Bhanj Medical agencies, and partners is gratefully acknowledged. College & Hospital; CTRAN Consulting Pvt Ltd., Consulting Company; IAG- Odisha, NETCOAST-NGO- 1. Government of Odisha Network; SPANDAN, Seeds India, NIHIDA, CYSD; ASRA Department of Agriculture and Farmer’s Empowerment; Home Jagatsinghpur; Home for Elderly and Disabled and Department of School and Mass Education; Department Girls, Jagatsinghpur; District Collectors of the 14 aff ected of Higher Education; Department of Women and districts Child Development; District Child Protection Units; 2. Mul lateral partners Department of Health; National Health Mission, PFMS Cell, Government of Odisha; Department of Food United Nations Resident Coordinator’s Offi ce (UNRCO); Supply and Consumer Welfare; Housing & Urban Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO); International Development Department; Panchayati Raj & Drinking Labour Organization (ILO); United Nations Children’s Water Department; Odisha Urban Housing Mission, Fund (UNICEF); United Nations Development Pro- State Urban Development Agency; Cuttack Municipal gramme (UNDP); United Nations Educational, Scientifi c Corporation; Bhubaneswar Municipal Corporation; and Cultural Organization (UNESCO); United Nations Banapur Municipality; Odia Language, Literature and Environment Programme (UNEP); United Nations Popu- Culture Department; Department of Handlooms, Textiles lation Fund (UNFPA); UN Women (UNWOMEN); and Handicrafts; Department of Tourism; Odisha State World Food Programme (WFP); World Health Organiza- Archaeology; Orissa Tourism Development Corporation; tion (WHO); World Bank (WB); Asian Development Bank Utkal University; Odisha State Archives; Odisha State (ADB) Museum; Department of Horticulture; Department of 3. The members of the Assessment Fisheries and Animal Resources Development; Odisha Coordina on Team University of Agriculture and Technology; Central Electricity Supply Utility of Odisha (CESU); Odisha Power Rita Missal (UNDP), Ranjini Mukherjee (UNRCO), Transmission Corporation Limited (OPTCL); Chilka Monika Nielsen (UNICEF), Deepak Singh (WB), Hemang Development Authority; Water Resource Department; Karelia (WB), and Ashok Srivastava (ADB) Department of Rural Development; Forest & Environment 4. The representa ves of partner organisa ons Department; Department of Revenue and Disaster Management; OSDMA; Odisha Livelihood Mission; Renata Lok-Dessallien the UN Resident Coordinator, India; Department of Social Security & Empowerment of Persons Heads of UN agencies; Junaid Kamal Ahmad, Country with Disabilities (SSEPD); Micro, Small and Medium Director, World Bank; Kenichi Yokoyama, Country Enterprises (MSME) Department; Skill Development & Director, ADB. Acknowledgements 5. The experts who peer reviewed this report (UNICEF); Abner Daniel, (UNICEF)i Hitesh Vaidya, (UNHABITAT) Krishna Vatsa (UNDP); Muralee Th ummarukudy (UNEP); 6. Kamal Kishore, Member, Na onal Disaster Man- Giovanni Boccardi (UNESCO); Saurav Dani (WB); Misaki agement Authority for providing his sketch of the Akasaka Ueda (UNICEF); Terry Durnnian, (UNICEF); Iconic Puri Temple for the report. Pravin Khobragade, (UNICEF); Gagan Gupta, (UNICEF); 7. To all the sector team members and contributors Dhuwarakha Sriram, (UNICEF), Marije Broekhuijsen listed in at the end of the DLNA report. viii Acknowledgements ix Executive Summary: Tables and Figures TABLES 0.1 Population Aff ected in Cyclone Fani by District xii 0.2 Damage, Loss, and Recovery Cost by Sector (INR crore unless mentioned otherwise; values are rounded off to the nearest decimal) xv 0.3 Overview of Damage, Loss, and Recovery Needs in Agriculture, Fisheries, and Livestock (INR crore) xvii FIGURES 0.1 Map of Cyclone-FANI aff ected districts of Odisha (OSDMA) xiii 0.2 Assessment of Damage by Sector xiv 0.3 Share of Disaster Eff ects Across Sectors xvi 0.4 Share of Disaster Recovery Needs Across Sectors xvi 0.5 Sector-wise Impact on Humans xxi Executive Summary Background corporations, 45 municipalities, 60 notifi ed area councils Following the ‘extremely severe cyclone’ Fani, at the re- and two industrial towns in the state. Agriculture is the quest of the Department of Economic Aff airs, Ministry of backbone of the state economy and about 62% population Finance, Government of India; the United Nations, World of Odisha still depends in varying degrees on agriculture Bank and Asian Development Bank, conducted a detailed sector for its livelihood. Although the percentage of people damage, loss, and needs assessment (DLNA) in Odisha to living below the poverty line in Odisha has gone down from support the recovery process. Th e assessment was led by 57% in 2004–05 to around 33% in 2011–12, it remains Government of Odisha between 24 May and 4 June. A team well above the national average of around 22%. Th e districts of multisectoral experts conducted the assessment covering in the south and west of Odisha have a very high level of 14 districts and estimated the damage, loss, and recovery poverty. One of the major concerns of the state has been very needs across 15 sectors. Th e assessment included Social adverse human development and socio-economic indicators Sectors (Housing