Towards a Digital Reporting Manual on Gender-based Violence 0 Towards a Digital Reporting Manual on Gender-based Violence Gendered Stereotypes Gendered Violence Gendered Discrimination Oppressed Dreams 1 Towards a Digital Reporting Manual on Gender-based Violence ISBN 9781 7792 9189 9 © IBhayisikopo Film Project www.ibhayisikopo.org Published in 2019 Published by IBhayisikopo Film Project Layout & Design by David Sling Printed by LAN Publishers All rights reserved. Our aim is to educate and raise awareness. Therefore, any part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise without prior permission of the author, provided appropriate acknowledgement is made. Unless otherwise indicated, the views expressed in this manual are those of the authors as indicated and do not represent the policies or views of Hivos or Ibhayisikopo Film Project. 2 Towards a Digital Reporting Manual on Gender-based Violence List of Acronyms and Abbreviations CEACR: ILO Committee of Experts on the Application of Conventions and Recommendations CEDAW: Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women GBV: Gender-based Violence GWI: Global Women’s Institute ICRW: International Center for Research on Women IFJ: International Federation of Journalists IFC: International Finance Corporation IFT: International Transport Worker’s Federation ILO: International Labour Organisation INSTRAW: United Nations International Research and Training Institute for the Advancement of Women IPV: Intimate Partner Violence IWMF: International Women’s Media Foundation OHCHR: Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights SHEA: Sexual harassment, Exploitation and Abuse UN: United Nations UNDP: United Nations Development Program, UNESCO: United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organisation UNFPA: United Nations Population Fund UNICEF: United Nations Children’s Fund UN Women : United Nations Entity on Women VAW: Violence Against Women VAWG: Violence Against Women and Girls WHO: World Health Organisation 3 Towards a Digital Reporting Manual on Gender-based Violence Gender based violence has a devastating impact on children 4 Towards a Digital Reporting Manual on Gender-based Violence About Ibhayisikopo Film Project The Ibhayisikopo Film project was established in 2010 in Bulawayo, Zimbabwe, and remains based in the country’s second-largest city and its film and creative industry capital. The project came into being as a result of the challenges women faced in the creative industry especially the film and Media with regards to training and producing films that tell their story and earn household-sustaining income from the content they create. Since independence, the film industry has been dominated by males making the participation of women and access to equipment almost impossible. This has resulted in a serious gender gap in the film industry with most production houses in Zimbabwe pushing the interests of men and their stories on. Vision A world in which women and girls use media, film in particular, to empower themselves and the communities around them. Mission Ibhayisikopo Film Project is a women-led film project organisation that uses the power of media and film to advance gender equality, justice and equity through the use of media and film. We unearth and tell women‘s stories in ways that undermine traditional gender stereotypes and societal norms that are the root causes of the oppression of women and girls. At the core of our work is how women are perceived and portrayed through the media and film and what stories are covered and how they advance women‘s development. Strategic Objectives Our objectives are to: (a) To raise awareness of the challenges facing women and girls such as gender-based violence, sex-based discrimination and denial of equal rights and opportunities. (b) To tackle the negative and stereotypical portrayals of women in the media and film industry. (c) To build the capacity of young women and girls in the production of films which inspire the confidence of women and girls in themselves. 5 Towards a Digital Reporting Manual on Gender-based Violence (d) To contribute to the transformation of societal norms that oppress women. (e) To provide an entertainment and educational platform for women and girls to tell their stories. About Hivos Hivos was founded in 1968, inspired by humanist values. Our founders held the conviction that development work should be secular, as true cooperation presumes respect for differing beliefs. In our first ever brochure, our founders wrote that “necessary changes should spring from communities themselves – from people at the base of society.” These convictions are still reflected in our work. We believe that human life in its many forms is valuable, and that people are filled with potential. Living a life in freedom and dignity, with respect for each other and the planet, leads to greater individual well-being and fair, vibrant societies. 6 Towards a Digital Reporting Manual on Gender-based Violence Contents Foreword ............................................................................................................ 100 Acknowledgement ............................................................................................ 121 INTRODUCTION .............................................................................................. 144 Context ................................................................................................... 16 Purpose of the Manual ......................................................................... 176 Who is this manual meant for? ............................................................ 188 Arrangement of the Manual .................................................................. 18 Definition of Key Terms and Concepts Used in this Manual ...................... 199 PART ONE ........................................................................................................... 26 Gender-specific Issues that Affect Women in Media and Film in Zimbabwe ............................................................................................ 26 PART TWO........................................................................................................... 28 Understanding Workplace Sex-Based Violence and Discrimination ..................................................................................... 28 PART THREE ....................................................................................................... 45 Tackling Workplace Sexual Harassment ......................................... 45 Recommendations for the Prevention and Eradication of Workplace Gender-based Violence and Discrimination ........... 45 PART FOUR ......................................................................................................... 57 Designing an Effective and Gender-sensitive Sexual Harassment Policy and Complaints Mechanism .................................................. 57 7 Towards a Digital Reporting Manual on Gender-based Violence PART FIVE ........................................................................................................... 68 Reporting and Handling Sexual Harassment ................................. 68 Code of Good practice ......................................................................... 68 PART SIX .............................................................................................................. 71 Gender Sensitive Media Reporting ................................................... 71 PART SEVEN ....................................................................................................... 85 Portrayal of women in the media and film ..................................... 85 Stereotypes ......................................................................................... 85 PART EIGHT ....................................................................................................... 92 Women in the media: Rethinking the role of new media technologies in bridging the gender gaps in Zimbabwe’s media industry ................................................................................................ 93 PART NINE ....................................................................................................... 114 Popular culture as a factor towards women emancipation ........ 113 PART TEN.......................................................................................................... 127 Her Story ............................................................................................ 127 Articles written by journalists and film makers ........................... 127 The Hazards Facing Women in Media and Film ............................. 127 Section A ............................................................................................. 128 Workplace Sexual Harassment ........................................................ 128 Section B ......................................................................................... 142 8 Towards a Digital Reporting Manual on Gender-based Violence Her Community Voice ..................................................................... 144 Section C ............................................................................................. 148 Changing perceptions on disability ................................................. 149 Section D ............................................................................................