Journal of Animal Research: v.7 n.1, p. 33-38. February 2017 DOI: 10.5958/2277-940X.2017.00006.7 Comparative Evaluation of Hematological Parameters in Hardhenu, Hariana and Sahiwal Cattle at Different Age Groups Deepak Kumar1*, Sandeep Kumar1, Sandeep Gera1, Jyoti Yadav2, B. S. Malik3 and C. S. Patil3 1Department of Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Veterinary Sciences, Lala Lajpat Rai University of Veterinary & Animal Sciences, Hisar, INDIA 2Department of Zoology, College of Basic Sciences & Humanities, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, INDIA 3Department of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Lajpat Rai University of Veterinary & Animal Sciences, Hisar, INDIA *Corresponding author: D Kumar; Email: [email protected] Received: 10 June, 2016 Revised: 13 Nov., 2016 Accepted: 10 Jan, 2017 ABSTRACT Study comprising seventy two cattle of three breeds/strain viz. Hardhenu crossbred strain, Hariana and Sahiwal breeds were carried out to evaluate the differences in hematological parameters. Each group consisted of 24 animals of different age groups i.e. 0-1 year, 1-2 year, 2-3 year and >3 year. The various hematological parameters i.e. hemoglobin (Hb), total leucocyte count (TLC), differential leucocyte count (DLC), packed cell volume (PCV), total erythrocyte count (TEC), mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH), mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) and mean corpuscular volume (MCV) in all the three breeds/strain at different ages were studied. Significantly higher Hb % especially at the age of 2-3 year was observed in Sahiwal animals over other 2 breed groups. Well known feature of higher disease resistance of Hariana breed was supported by significantly higher TLC as compared to other two breeds. The age wise significant difference was observed for group 1-2 years and, >3 years while Hariana showing high count. The lymphocyte, monocyte, neutrophils, Hct, TEC, MCH and MCHC were comparable in all the three breeds/strain. Keywords: Hemogram, Age, Hariana, Sahiwal, Hardhenu Sahiwal cattle is one of the best milch breed oh India integration of the data is important for the highest diagnostic characterized by heat tolerance and lofty milk production yield (Barger, 2003). Hemoglobin and packed cell volume (Muhuyi et al., 1999). Hariana breed of cattle are dual were included in metabolic profile tests amongst other pupose breed and is also used for road transport and biochemical constituents by Payne et al. (1970). So, blood sustained ploughing work. However, Hariana breed is examination is performed to assess the general health of getting besmirched genetically due to crossing with the animal (Gutienez et al., 1971; Jain et al., 1993; Peinado exotic germplasms (Mahima et al., 2013). Hardhenu, a et al., 1999). Variations in hematological constituents may new strain of crossbred cattle which contain 62.5% blood act as vital indicators of the physiological or pathological of Holstein Friesian and 37.5% of Sahiwal and Hariana state of the animal (Geneser, 1986; Ahmed et al., 2003). breed. Hardhenu is characterized by its heat tolerance As there is no data available on the hematological values power, good milk yield, resistant to both internal and of Hardhenu strain, the current study was planned to external parasites and high conception rate. study these parameters and comparing them with those in Hariana and Sahiwal breed of cattle. The complete blood count (CBC) is an important and powerful diagnostic tool as a module of a bare minimum database. It can be used to monitor response to therapy, MATERIALS AND METHODS to gage the severity of an infirmity or as a starting point The samples were collected from the animals reared at for formulating a list of differential diagnosis. However, LUVAS Cattle Livestock Farm, located in Hisar district Kumar et al. of Haryana at an elevation of 215 meters above sea level, Statistical analysis with, Longitude - 29.1492° N and latitude - 75.7217° E One way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used coordinates. Animals were randomly chosen from each as statistical tool to determine the level of significant strain/breed and were divided into four groups according differences among three breeds at 0.05% level of to their age i.e. 0-1 year, 1-2 years, 2-3 years and above significance. 3 years of age. About 5 ml whole blood was harvested from jugular veni puncture in commercial vacutainer with EDTA with ample precaution not to cause pain and/or RESULTS AND DISCUSSION distress to the animals under the guidelines laid down by the Institutional Animal Ethics Committee and prevailing Hemoglobin local laws and regulations. The hemoglobin concentration was significantly highest The samples were transported to laboratory within one hour (P<0.05) for Sahiwal animals being 10.99 ± 0.25 and at 4°C temperature to ensure zero signs of hemolysis. The lowest for Hardhenu being 10.18 ± 0.22 gm% (Table 1). collected blood samples were analyzed for hemoglobin Roy et al. (2010) also reported 12.15 ± 0.17 gm% Hb (Hb), total leucocyte count (TLC), differential leucocyte level in Sahiwal cows. The concentrations did not differ count (DLC), packed cell volume (PCV), total erythrocyte significantly among the breed/strain in age group 0-1 year. count (TEC), mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH), mean Hemoglobin levels were comparable with the previous corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) and mean reports of Aarif et al. (2013) and Pampori (2015). 1 corpuscular volume (MCV) by Automatic analyzer MS4 The result revealed that the hemoglobin levels were (Melet Schloesing Laboratories – 9 Chaussee Jules Cesar- significantly higher in the group 1-2 year, 1-2 year and 0-1 Evalic 402-95520 OSNY, France). year age group for Hardhenu, Sahiwal and Hariana cattle, respectively. Chandra et al. (2012) also reported significant age related difference in Hb levels. The findings of Sripad Table 1: Hematological profile (Mean ± S.E.) of three breeds/strain for different age groups Hb (g/dl) Hct (%) TEC ( x106/mm3) MCH (pg) MCHC (g/dl) MCV (fl) Hardhenu 0-1 11.01± 0.33 29.75±2.90 8.67±0.49 13.27±0.38 38.45±3.36 46.88±1.26 1-2 9.58±0.61 37.79±1.62 9.54±0.64 11.31±0.14 29.97±0.46 44.06±0.88 2-3 10.48±0.40b 29.49±1.89 8.14±0.31 13.92±0.33 37.17±2.66 49.94±0.73ab >3 9.63±0.27 26.90±2.21 7.26±0.21 14.29±0.43 39.10±3.94 53.35±2.40 Mean 10.18±0.22b 30.98±1.22 8.40±0.25 13.20±0.24 36.17±1.51 48.56±0.87ab Sahiwal 0-1 11.66±0.46 27.74±4.05 8.76±0.79 15.37±1.16 35.92±2.54 46.47±0.48 1-2 10.32±0.53 38.39±2.81 9.96±0.52 11.35±0.30 30.63±0.58 43.67±0.75 2-3 11.83±0.43a 28.67±2.41 8.69±0.29 14.66±0.60 38.40±3.60 48.56±0.75b >3 10.16±0.43 27.22±1.97 7.20±0.30 15.08±0.35 34.84±2.47 52.86±1.13 Mean 10.99±0.25a 30.51±1.56 8.65±0.25 14.11±0.41 34.95±1.30 47.89±0.63b Hariana 0-1 10.55±0.36 25.71±2.75 8.27±0.41 14.05±0.75 32.05±1.27 48.20±0.46 1-2 11.01±0.32 40.18±1.47 10.61±0.33 10.75±0.32 30.10±0.51 44.94±0.69 2-3 10.68±0.47ab 29.47±1.34 8.36±0.20 14.08±0.40 34.58±2.11 51.12±0.39a >3 9.72±0.38 27.31±1.98 6.84±0.16 15.09±0.43 33.61±2.17 57.30±1.18 Mean 10.49±0.20ab 30.67±1.26 8.52±0.24 13.49±0.34 32.59±0.84 50.41±0.76a The value (Mean ± S.E.) with different superscript in each column differ significantly among same age group (P< 0.05). 34 Journal of Animal Research: v.7 n.1 February 2017 Age wise hemogram of Hardhenu, Hariana and Sahiwal Table 2: Hematological profile (Mean ± S.E.) of three breeds/strain for different age groups TLC (x103/mm3) Lymphocytes (%) Monocytes (%) Neutrophils (%) Hardhenu 0-1 8.89±0.63b 64.50±3.11 3.25±0.35 32.25±3.27 1-2 10.37±0.63 65.17±2.34 2.67±0.19 31.33±2.17 2-3 8.79±0.48ab 66.42±2.56 3.58±0.54 30.00±2.71 >3 8.10±0.56ab 61.75±3.18 4.83±0.53 33.42±3.41 Mean 9.29±0.28b 64.46±1.39 3.58±0.24 31.75±1.43 Sahiwal 0-1 9.93±0.92b 62.08±3.28 3.83±0.46 34.08±3.50 1-2 11.32±1.09 66.83±1.86 2.83±0.21 30.33±1.82 2-3 9.22±0.55a 66.25±3.42 3.58±0.36 30.17±3.50 >3 7.58±0.45b 61.33±2.86 5.00±0.49 33.67±3.19 Mean 9.51±0.43b 64.12±1.43 3.81±0.22 32.06±1.52 Hariana 0-1 12.88±0.76a 61.33±2.27 3.17±0.21 35.50±2.37 1-2 12.49±0.89 65.17±2.63 2.42±0.23 32.42±2.44 2-3 7.55±0.36b 64.67±1.23 3.00±0.25 31.33±1.52 >3 10.27±0.91a 60.08±2.54 4.33±0.57 35.58±2.71 Mean 10.49±0.20ab 62.81±1.13 3.23±0.20 33.71±1.15 The value (Mean ± S.E.) with different superscript in each column differ significantly among same age group (P< 0.05).