This dissertation has been mlcroHhned exactly as received 6 7-6372 STOUT, Robert Elliott, 1938- THE SUR-i-HÜMÂYUN OF MURAD HI; A STUDY OF OTTOMAN"FAGEANTRY AND ENTERTAINMENT. The Ohio State University, Ph.D., 1966 Speech University Microfilms, Inc., Ann Arbor, Michigan ® Copyright by Robert Elliott Stout 1967 THE SUR-Î-HÎm Ây IJN OF MURAD m A STUDY OF OTTOMAN PAGEANTRY AND ENTERTAINME:NT DISSERTATION Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate School of The Ohio State University By Robert Elliott Stout, B. A ., M. A. ****** The Ohio State University 1966 Approved by ^ Adviser Department of Speech ACKNOWLEDGMENTS The writer would like to express his thanks to the following persons for their assistance: The director and the staff members of The Ohio State University Theatre Collection, for the acquisition of microfilm copies of several documents essential to this study, including the Surname of Murad HE and the Surname- i-Hümâyun. Dr. Hayrullah Ors, director of the Topkapi Sarayi Muzesi in Istanbul, for his gracious permission to reproduce portions of the Surname of Murad m . Miss Andrea Mote and Mr. Wolf Ahrens, of the Department of German at The Ohio State University, for help in translating German documents. Mr. Metin And, of the Department of Drama at Ankara University, for his valuable suggestions and his encouragement. 11 PREFATORY NOTE All but a few of the Ottoman terms used in this study, even those of Arabic or Persian origin, are here transliterated according to the orthography of modern Turkish. The following approximate pronunciations are given: C = the J in J am. Ç = the Oh in Church. 5 lengthens a preceding vowel. Ô = the ‘Ô in German Koniq. § = the Sh in Shall. Ü = the u in French Tu. There is also in Turkish an undotted i which is not used in this study because there is no satisfactory way to render it on an American typewriter. It will be noted that the Turkish ending 1er or lar generally denotes a plural. A circumflex over a vowel simply lengthens the vowel. I ll VITA December 31, 1938 Born - St. Louis, Missouri 1962 . ........... B. A ., The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 1962-196 3.............. Research Assistant The Ohio State University Theatre Collection, Columbus, Ohio 1963 ...................... M. A ., The Ohio State University Columbus, Ohio 1963-196 6.............. Teaching Assistant The Ohio State University Columbus, Ohio PUBLICATIONS "Filippo Juvarra: An Introduction, " The Ohio State University Theatre Collection Bulletin. XI, 1964. FIELDS OF "STUDY Major Field: Theatre Studies in History of the Theatre and Criticism. Professor John H. McDowell Studies in Stage Direction and Modern Theatre Practice. Professor Roy H. Bowen IV Minor Field: General Speech Studies in General Communication. Professor Franklin H. Knower Minor Field: English Studies in Restoration and Eighteenth-Century Drama. Professor John H. Wilson Studies in Modern Drama. Professor John C. Morrow V CONTENTS Page ACKNOWLEDGMENTS................................................................... ii PREFATORY NOTE......................................................................... iii VITA ................................................................................................. iv ILLUSTRATIONS.............................................................................. ix Chapter I. INTRODUCTION TO THE STUDY.............................. 1 Preliminary Introduction Review of the Literature Objectives of the Study Nature of the Evidence Procedures n. FESTIVITIES OF OTTOMAN TURKEY.................... 22 Introduction Aspects of Ottoman Civilization Traditional Popular Festivities Occasions for Official Festivities Nature and Development of Ottoman Festivities m. THE SUR-Ï-HÜMAYUN OF MURAD IE: THE PREPARATIONS FOR THE FESTIVAL................ 42 Introduction Invitation of Foreign Dignitaries Appointment of Officials Preparation of the Festival Site VI Chapter Page IV. THE S Œ -Î-HÜMAYUM OF MURAD HI: SOLEMN CEREMONIES............................................. ^ ^ 66 Introduction Presentation of Gifts and the Reception of Ambassadors The Public Ceremonials The Imperial Processions Feasts and Banquets V. THE S m - i - HÜMAYUN OF MURAD HI: POPULAR ENTERTAINMENTS................................. 106 Introduction Music and Dance Buffoonery and Farce Puppetry Tumblers and Equilibrists Conjurers Zor-baz Exhibitions Animal Acts VI. THE SU R -i-HUMAYUN OF MURAD HI: SPECTACULAR ENTERTAINMENTS...................... 206 Introdaction Spectacular Devices Pantomimic Spectacles Displays of the Milletler Combats and Mock Battles Fireworks Displays Vn. TEE SU R -i-HÜMAYUN OF MURAD HI: GUILD PAGEANTRY.................................................... 246 Introduction Pageant Cars md Devices vu Chapter Page Vm, THE S m - i- HDMAYnN OF MURAD IE: THE CONCLUSION OF THE FESTIVAL......................... 269 The Circumcision of Mehmed Sultan The Last Days of the Festivities Concluding Ceremonies IX. CONCLUSION................................................................... 277 The Theatrical Significance of the Sur- i- Hiimayun of Murad IE Further Research Possibilities BIBLIOGRAPHY............................................................................... 287 V lll ILLUSTRATIONS Figure Page 1. The M Mevdan as Arranged for the S&?-i-lïSn§,yun of Muradin. Conjectural Plan by Robert Elliott Stout...................................... 58 2. The M MeycW as Arranged for the Sur- i-Hum ay un of Murad HI. Conjectural Sketch by Robert Elliott Stout................................... 62 3. The Imperial Procession. Sultan Murad and Janissary Guard. Surname of Murad HE. OSUTC Film no. 1625, frame 1 .............................. 75 4. The Imperial Procession. Mehmed Sultan and the Deliler. Surname of Murad HE. OSUTC Film no. 1625, frames 427, 219................. 78 5. The Imperial Procession. Musicians and Entertainers. Surname of Murad HE. OSUTC Film no. 1625, frame 2 1 5 ......................... 80 6. The Imperial Procession. The Arrival of Mehmed Sultan at the Palace of Ibrahim Pas a. Surname of Murad HE. OSUTC Film no. 1625, frame 4 ...................................................... 82 7. A Nakil. Reproduced from Rycaut, The History of the Turkish Empire, p. 320.................................. 85 8. The Tulumcilar and their A^a. Surname of Murad HE. OSUTC Film no. 1625, frame 2 ... 88 9. An Artificial Garden. Surname of Murad HE. OSUTC Film No. 1625, frame 1 7 1 '. 91 10. A Model of the Mosque of Suleiman. Surname of Murad HE. OSUTC Film no. 1625, frame 88. 93 ix Figure Page 11. The Presentation of Sugar Animals. Surname of Murad HE. OSUTC Film no. 1625, frame 1 0 ................................................................................... 98 12. A Banquet Held on the M Meydan. Surname of Murad HI. OSUTC Film no. 1625, frame 34 . 104 13. Musicians before the Sultan. Surname of Murad HI. OSUTC Film no. 1625, frame 200.................... 115 14. Musicians before the Sultan. Surname of Murad HL OSUTC Film no. 1625, frame 7 ...................... 117 15. Dance Performed by a Cenqi and by a Mevlevi Dervis. Surname of Murad HL OSUTC Film no. 1625, frame 193................................................... 120 16. Dance Performed by KScekler. Surname of Murad HL OSUTC Film no. 1625, frame 414. 123 17. Dancer, Musicians and Buffoons. Surname of Murad HL OSUTC Film no. 1625, frame 421. 128 18. Entry of a Troupe of Mimes. Surname of Murad HL OSUTC Film no. 1625, frames 43, 258 ................................................................................. 131 19. Entry of a Group of Buffoons, Surname of Murad HL OSUTC Film no. 1625, frame 346 ................................................................................. 136 20. Dance of Buffoons. Surname of Murad HI. OSUTC Film no. 1625, frame 207 ........................... 145 21. Farce Performances before the Sultan. Surname of Murad HL OSUTC Film no. 1625, frame 132...................................................................... 149 22. Farce Performance, Surname of Murad HI. OSUTC Film no. 1625, frame 137 ........................... 153 Figure Page 23. Farce Performance. Surname of Murad m. OSUTC Film no. 1625, frame 351.................... 154 24. Portable Puppet Booth and Cenai. Surname of Murad m . OSUTC Film no. 1625, frame 257. 161 25. Portable Puppet Booth, Cenqi and Actor. Surname of Murad m . OSUTC Film no. 1625, frame 42.................................................................. 163 26. Actors Dressed as Puppets. Surname of Murad m. OSUTC Film no. 1625, frame 76 . 171 27. Contortionist Cember-baz. Surname of Murad El. OSUTC Film no. 1625, frame 35 . 177 28. Rope-Walkers. Swname of Murad HE. OSUTC Film no. 1625, frames 94, 363 .............................. 180 29. Conjurers and Their Equipment. Surname of Murad m. OSUTC Film no. 1625, frame 3 1 6 .......................................................................... 184 30. Zor-baz Display with Anvil. Swname of Murad m . OSUTC Film no. 1625, frame 340 .................................................................................. 188 31. Snakecharmer and His Equipment. Surname of Murad IE. OSUTC Film no. 1625, frame 49 . ............................................................................... 193 32. Performing Animals. Surname of Murad EX. OSUTC Film no. 1625, frame 150........................ 194 33. Animal Trainers and Buffoon. Surname of Murad IE. OSUTC Film no. 1625, frame 183. 196 34. Performing Cats on a Tightrope.