INFORMATION TO USERS This manuscript has been reproduced from the microfilm master. UMI films the text directly from the original or copy submitted. Thus, some thesis and dissertation copies are in typewriter face, while others may be from any type of computer printer. The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. Broken or indistinct print, colored or poor quality illustrations and photographs, print bleedthrough, substandard margins, and improper alignment can adversely affect reproduction. In the unlikely event that the author did not send UMI a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if unauthorized copyright material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. Oversize materials (e.g., maps, drawings, charts) are reproduced by sectioning the original, beginning at the upper left-hand comer and continuing from left to right in equal sections with small overlaps. Each original is also photographed in one exposure and is included in reduced form at the back of the book. Photographs included in the original manuscript have been reproduced xerographically in this copy. Higher quality 6" x 9" black and white photographic prints are available for any photographs or illustrations appearing in this copy for an additional charge. Contact UMI directly to order. UMI University Microfilms International A Bell & Howell Information Company 300 North Zeeb Road. Ann Arbor. Ml 48106-1346 USA 313/761-4700 800.521-0600 Order Number 9325438 Mussorgsky’s “Pictures at an Exhibition”: An analytical and performance study Lee, Chen-Tien, D.M.A. The Ohio State University, 1993 Copyright ©1993 by Lee, Chen-Tien. All rights reserved. U ‘M ‘1 300 N. Zeeb RA Ann Aibor, MI 48106 MUSSORGSKY’S PICTURES AT AN EXHIBITION: AN ANALYTICAL AND PERFORMANCE STUDY D.M.A. Document Presented in Partial Fuifiiiment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Musical Arts in the Graduate School of The Ohio State University by Chen-Tien Lee, B.M., M.M. ***** The Ohio State University 1993 Document Committee: Approved by: Professor Jerry Lowder Professor Lora Gingerich Professor Donald Gren ^ __^ w Ddcument Advisor School of Music Copyright by Chen-Tien LEE © 1993 Dedicated to My Parents 11 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I would like to express my sincerest gratitude to Dr. Jerry Lowder for his guidance and support of this document. Without his valuable suggestions and advice, this document would not have been possible. In addition, I would like to thank the members of my Graduate Committee for their constant support: Dr. Lora Gingerich, Dr. Donald Gren, and Dr. Rosemary Piatt. Sincere appreciation is expressed to my piano instructor, Mr. André La Plante, for his guidance of my performance of Pictures at an Exhibition. I am also grateful to Olga Velichkina for her input of Russian folk song which provided valuable information for this document. 111 VITA December9,1953.................................. Born-iaipei, Taiwan 1976 ........................................................ B.M.. Tunghai University, Taichung, Taiwan 1979 ........................................................ M.M., Arizona State University Tempe, Arizona 1981-1986 ............................................... Lecturer in Piano Tunghai University 1989-199 2 ............................................... Teaching Associate, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 1990-Presen t...........................................Adjunct Lecturer in Piano Capital University/Community Music School, Columbus, Ohio FIELD OF STUDY Major Field: Music Studies in piano performance IV TABLE OF CONTENTS Page DEDICATION..................................................................................................... ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS...................................................................................51 VITA.................................................................................................................. Iv LIST OF TABLES.............................................................................................vïïi UST OF FIGURES.............................................................................................ix INTRODUCTION................................................................................................1 CHAPTER I. BIOGRAPHY........................................................................................4 A. Biography of Modest Mussorgsky.................................................. 4 B. Biography of Victor Hartmann ...................................................... 15 II. BACKGROUND OF PICTURES AT AN EXHIBITION........................ 17 III. ANALYSIS OF THE SUITE................................................................ 21 Promenade 1 ............................................................................. 21 Gnomus ...................................................................................... 29 Promenade II .............................................................................35 II Vecchio Gastello ................................................................. 36 Promenade III ...........................................................................41 V T u ile rie s .................................................. :................................ 42 By die ......................................................................................... 47 Promenade IV ........................................................................... 51 Ballet of the Chicks in Their Sheils ....................................52 Samuei Goidenberg and Schmuyle ........................................ 56 Promenade V .............................................................................60 Limoges, The Market Piace .................................................... 62 Catacombae, Sepuicrum Romanum.......................................68 Con Mortuis in Lingua Mortua ................................................ 70 The Hut on Fowei’s Legs .........................................................74 The Great Gate o f Kiev ............................................................81 IV. PERFORMANCE PROBLEMS Promenade 1 .............................................................................. 86 Gnomus .......................................................................................88 // Vecchio C asteilo ..................................................................90 T u ile rie s .................................................................................... 90 B ydio ...........................................................................................92 Ballet of the Clucks in Their Shells .....................................92 Samuel Goidenberg and Schmuyle ......................................... 93 Limoges, The Market Piace .....................................................94 Catacombae, Sepuicrum Romanum........................................95 Con Mortuis in Lingua M ortua .................................................95 The Hut on Fowl’s Legs ............................................................95 vl The Great Gate of K iev ........................... 96 CONCLUSIONS................................................................................................98 BIBUOGRAPHY............................................................................................. 102 APPENDIX.......................................................................................................106 VII UST OF TABLES Table Page 1. Promenade I diagram ................................................................. 21 2. Gnomus diagram ..........................................................................29 3. II Vecchio Casteilo diagram .....................................................36 4. Tuileries diagram .......................................................................42 5. Syd/o diagram ............................................................................. 47 6. Baiiet of The Chicks in Their Shell diagram ........................ 52 7. Samuei Goidenberg and Schm.uyie diagram ........................... 56 8. Limoges, The Market Place diagram ....................................... 62 9. Catacombae, Sepuicrum Romanum diagram .......................... 68 Con Motuis in Lingua Mortua diagram ......................................68 10. The Hut on Fowl’s Leg diagram ................................................ 74 11. The Great Gate of Kiev diagram ...............................................81 VIII UST OF FIGURES Figure Page 1. From the Dark Forest, mm. 1-20...................................... 22 2. From the Dark Forest, stresses of syllables.................. 23 3. Promenade I, theme A, mm. 1-4..................................................24 4. From the Dark Forest, mm. 1-12...................................... 25 5. Promenade I, mm. 14-16 ............................................................... 26 6. Promenade I, mm. 1-4................................................................... 27 7. Promenade I, mm. 9-13 .................................................................28 8. Promenade I, mm. 17-20 ............................................................... 28 9. Gnomus, theme A, mm. 1 -10......................................................... 30 10. Gnomus, theme B, mm. 19-22.......................................................30 11. Gnomus, mm. 95-99....................................................................... 31 12. Gnomus,