BIODIVERSITY ASSESSMENT OF PREY LANG Kratie, Kampong Thom, Stung Treng and Preah Vihear Provinces May 2015 Benjamin Hayes, Eang Hourt Khou, Neang Thy, Neil Furey, Chhin Sophea, Jeremy Holden, Hun Seiha, Phen Sarith, La Pengly and Virginia Simpson i ii Table of contents EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ........................................................................................................... 1 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS.......................................................................................................... 5 ABBREVIATIONS & ACRONYMS ............................................................................................ 6 CONVENTIONS ...................................................................................................................... 6 1.INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................... 7 SURVEY AIM AND OBJECTIVES: ..................................................................................................... 9 SURVEY LIMITATIONS ................................................................................................................. 10 2. VEGETATION .................................................................................................................... 11 INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................................................ 11 METHODS ............................................................................................................................... 12 RESULTS .................................................................................................................................... 1 DISCUSSION ............................................................................................................................ 19 3. MAMMALS ....................................................................................................................... 24 INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................................................ 24 METHODS ............................................................................................................................... 24 RESULTS .................................................................................................................................. 25 DISCUSSION ............................................................................................................................ 31 4. BATS .................................................................................................................................. 33 INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................................................ 33 METHODS ............................................................................................................................... 33 RESULTS .................................................................................................................................. 37 DISCUSSION ............................................................................................................................ 41 5. BIRDS ................................................................................................................................ 44 INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................................................ 44 METHODS ............................................................................................................................... 45 RESULTS .................................................................................................................................. 46 DISCUSSION ............................................................................................................................ 52 6. AMPHIBIANS AND REPTILES ............................................................................................. 54 INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................................................ 54 METHODS ............................................................................................................................... 55 RESULTS .................................................................................................................................. 56 DISCUSSION ............................................................................................................................ 60 7. SUMMARY ........................................................................................................................ 64 REGIONAL AND GLOBAL SIGNIFICANCE ...................................................................................... 64 THREATS .................................................................................................................................. 65 RECOMMENDATIONS AND MANAGEMENT CONSIDERATIONS ......................................................... 67 REFERENCES ......................................................................................................................... 69 iii List of Maps MAP 1 LOCATION OF PREY LANG .............................................................................................. 8 MAP 2 WATERSHEDS SHARING PREY LANG .................................................................................. 8 MAP 3 DEFORESTATION IN PREY LANG BETWEEN 2001-2011 ......................................................... 8 MAP 4 ECONOMIC LAND CONCESSIONS AROUND PREY LANG 2013 ............................................ 8 MAP 5 SURVEY AREAS............................................................................................................... 9 MAP 6 FOREST TYPES IN PREY LANG, FORESTRY ADMINISTRATION 2010 DATA ................................ 11 MAP 7 MINING CONCESSIONS AND EXPLORATION LICENSES YEAR ................................................ 20 List of Tables TABLE 1 VEGETATION SURVEY SITES. .............................................................................................. 1 TABLE 2 STATUS OF CAMBODIA’S KEY PLANT SPECIES WITHIN PREY LANG ...................................... 15 TABLE 3 SAMPLING EFFORT DURING THE BAT SURVEY AT PREY LANG ................................................ 36 TABLE 4 BAT SPECIES RECORDED IN THREE SECTORS AT PREY LANG ................................................. 39 TABLE 5 CAVES SURVEYED IN THE NORTHERN SECTOR OF PREY LANG .............................................. 40 TABLE 6 DATE AND LOCATION OF ORNITHOLOGICAL FIELD SAMPLING ............................................ 45 TABLE 7 DATES AND SITES AND HERPETOFAUNA SURVEYS ............................................................... 55 TABLE 8 : SUMMARY OF PREY LANG’S HERPETOFAUNA SPECIES LISTED BY IUCN .............................. 57 List of Figures FIGURE 1 NUMBER OF SPECIES IDENTIFIED IN PREY LANG BY PLANT HABIT. .......................................... 1 FIGURE 2 PERISTYLUS GOODYEROIDES ON LIMESTONE, PREY LANG ................................................... 2 FIGURE 3 EVERGREEN SWAMP FOREST, PREY LANG ..................................................................... 11 FIGURE 4 RIPARIAN FOREST, STUNG TRENG, PREY LANG ............................................................... 13 FIGURE 5 ELEPHANT FOOTPRINTS THROUGH GRASSLAND, PREY LANG ............................................. 14 FIGURE 6 CUTTING A NEW RESIN TREE, PREY LANG ....................................................................... 18 FIGURE 7 RESIN DROPS, PREY LANG ........................................................................................... 18 FIGURE 8 RATTAN-RICH SWAMP HABITAT, PREY LANG ................................................................... 19 FIGURE 9 DEFORESTATION AND BURNING, PREY LANG .................................................................. 22 FIGURE 10 DEFORESTATION AND BURNING, PREY LANG................................................................ 22 FIGURE 11 BOS JAVANICUS, CAMERA TRAPPED DURING SURVEY, PREY LANG.................................. 25 FIGURE 12 ELEPHAS MAXIMUS CAMERA TRAPPED DURING SURVEY, PREY LANG ............................... 27 FIGURE 13 RATUFA BICOLOR, CAMERA TRAPPED DURING SURVEY, PREY LANG ................................ 29 FIGURE 14 SOUTHERN FACE OF PHNOM THOM IN THE NORTHERN SECTOR OF PREY LANG. ................ 36 FIGURE 15 LAGERSTROEMIA FOREST AT BASE OF PHNOM THOM IN NORTHERN SECTOR, PREY LANG ... 37 FIGURE 16 RHINOLOPHUS SHAMELI, PREY LANG .......................................................................... 38 FIGURE 17 RHINOLOPHUS ACUMINATUS, PREY LANG ................................................................... 38 FIGURE 18 R. MARSHALLI, PREY LANG ........................................................................................ 38 FIGURE 19 MURINA WALSTONI, PREY LANG ................................................................................ 38 FIGURE 20 PAVO MUTICUS ........................................................................................................ 47 FIGURE 21 LEPTOPTILOS JAVANICUS, PREY LANG ......................................................................... 48 FIGURE 22 GRUS ANTIGONE...................................................................................................... 50 FIGURE 23 WINGS OF LEPTOPTILOS JAVANICUS (LESSER ADJUTANT) ABANDONED BY