ISSN 0898-6207 PRIMATE CONSERVATION The Journal of the IUCN SSC Primate Specialist Group Number 29 2015 Primate Conservation is produced and circulated courtesy of the Margot Marsh Biodiversity Foundation, Conservation International, the Los Angeles Zoo, and the Department of Anatomical Sciences of the State University of New York at Stony Brook. Primate Conservation The journal of the IUCN SSC Primate Specialist Group Conservation International 2011 Crystal Drive, Suite 500, Arlington, VA 22202, USA ISSN 0898-6207 Abbreviation: Primate Conserv. Editors Russell A. Mittermeier, Conservation International, Arlington, VA, USA Anthony B. Rylands, Conservation International, Arlington, VA, USA IUCN/SSC Primate Specialist Group Chairman Russell A. Mittermeier, Conservation International, Arlington, VA, USA Deputy Chair Anthony B. Rylands, Conservation International, Arlington, VA, USA Vice Chair: Section on Great Apes – Liz Williamson, Stirling University, Stirling, Scotland, UK (until November 2015) Vice Chair: Section on Great Apes – Elizabeth J. MacFie, Duns, Scotland, UK (from November 2015) Deputy Vice Chair: Section on Great Apes – Serge A. Wich, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK Vice Chair: Section on Small Apes – Benjamin M. Rawson, Fauna & Flora International, Cambridge, UK Regional Vice Chairs – Neotropics Mesoamerica – Liliana Cortés-Ortiz, Museum of Zoology and Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA Andean Countries – Erwin Palacios, Conservation International Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia; Eckhard W. Heymann, Deutsches Primatenzentrum, Göttingen, Germany Brazil and the Guianas – M. Cecília M. Kierulff, Instituto Pri-matas, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil; Fabiano Rodrigues de Melo, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Jataí, Goiás, Brazil; Maurício Talebi, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Diadema, São Paulo, Brazil Regional Vice Chairs – Africa W. Scott McGraw, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA; David N. M. Mbora, Whittier College, Whittier, California, USA; Janette Wallis, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA Regional Vice Chairs – Madagascar Christoph Schwitzer, Bristol Zoological Society, Bristol, UK; Jonah Ratsimbazafy, Durrell Wildlife Conservation Trust – Madagascar Programme, Antananarivo, Madagascar Regional Vice Chairs – Asia China – Long Yongcheng, The Nature Conservancy, China Southeast Asia / Indochina – Jatna Supriatna, Conservation International Indonesia Program, Jakarta, Indonesia; Christian Roos, Deutsches Primatenzentrum, Göttingen, Germany; Ramesh Boonratana, Mahidol University International College, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand South Asia – Sanjay Molur, Wildlife Information Liaison Development, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India Layout: Kim Meek, Washington, DC, USA IUCN SSC Primate Specialist Group logo courtesy of Stephen D. Nash, 2002. Front cover: Andy Sabin’s dwarf lemur, Cheirogaleus andysabini, a new species discovered in the Montagne d’Ambre National Park, Antsiranana Province, Madagascar, and described here by Runha Lei and colleagues (see pages 43–54). Photograph by Edward E. Louis, Jr., Omaha’s Henry Doorly Zoo and Aquarium. This issue of Primate Conservation was kindly sponsored by the Margot Marsh Biodiversity Foundation, Virginia, USA, the Los Angeles Zoo, Los Angeles, California, and the Department of Anatomical Sciences of the State University of New York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY, USA. Contents General The Conservation Impact of the American Society of Primatologists’ Conservation Small Grant Program .............................1 Erin P. Riley and Alison A. Zak Neotropics The Distribution and Taxonomy of Titi Monkeys (Callicebus) in Central and Southern Peru, with the Description of a New Species ...................................................................................................................................................................................9 Jan Vermeer and Julio C. Tello-Alvarado Current Status and Threats to Lagothrix flavicauda and Other Primates in Montane Forest of the Región Huánuco ...........31 Rolando Aquino, Ricardo Zárate, Luís López, Gabriel García and Elvis Charpentier Madagascar A New Species in the Genus Cheirogaleus (Cheirogaleidae) ..........................................................................................................43 Runhua Lei, Adam T. McLain, Cynthia L. Frasier, Justin M. Taylor, Carolyn A. Bailey, Shannon E. Engberg, Azure L. Ginter, Stephen D. Nash, Richard Randriamampionona, Colin P. Groves, Russell A. Mittermeier and Edward E. Louis, Jr. Home Range Size and Social Organization of the Sahamalaza Sportive Lemur, Lepilemur sahamalazensis ...........................55 Melanie Seiler, Marc Holderied and Christoph Schwitzer Ring-tailed Lemurs (Lemur catta), Forest Fragments, and Community-level Conservation in South-central Madagascar ....... 67 Lisa Gould and P. Andrianomena Expanding Knowledge on Life History Traits and Infant Development in the Greater Bamboo Lemur (Prolemur simus): Contributions from Kianjavato, Madagascar .................................................................................................................................75 Cynthia L. Frasier, Jean-Norbert Rakotonirina, Lamaherisolo Gervais Razanajatovo, Theoluc Stanislas Nasolonjanahary, Rasolonileniraka, Stephanson Bertin Mamiaritiana, Jean Fulbert Ramarolahy and Edward E. Louis Jr. Africa Assessing the Population Status of the Critically Endangered Niger Delta Red Colobus (Piliocolobus epieni) .......................87 Rachel Ashegbofe Ikemeh Habitat Use by Geoffroy’s White-thighed Colobus in the Kikélé Sacred Forest: Activity Budget, Feeding Ecology and Selection of Sleeping Trees .........................................................................................................................................................97 S. Djègo-Djossou, I. Koné, A. B. Fandohan, J. G. Djègo, M. C. Huynen and B. Sinsin Distribution and Conservation Status of the Mount Kilimanjaro Guereza Colobus guereza caudatus Thomas, 1885 ..........107 Thomas M. Butynski and Yvonne A. de Jong Geza Teleki and the Emergence of Sierra Leone’s Wildlife Conservation Movement ..............................................................115 Paul Munro Asia Primates as Flagships for Conserving Biodiversity and Parks in Indonesia: Lessons Learned from West Java and North Sumatra ..........................................................................................................................................................................123 Jatna Supriatna and Anton Ario Primate Conservation 2015 (29): 1–7 The Conservation Impact of the American Society of Primatologists’ Conservation Small Grant Program Erin P. Riley and Alison A. Zak Department of Anthropology, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, US Abstract: Given the dire condition of existing biodiversity and the limited availability of funding to protect it, conservation prac- titioners and scholars are increasingly recognizing the need to monitor and evaluate conservation investments. In line with this trend, our objective was to assess the conservation impact of the American Society of Primatologists’ (ASP) Conservation Small Grant Program. Since 1989, the ASP has provided funding in support of research- and education-based projects aimed at effecting primate conservation. To date, 185 projects on 74 primate species have been supported in 41 countries. To accomplish our objec- tive, we developed and administered a voluntary survey to former grant recipients from the years of 1997–2012 to assess whether ASP funded projects resulted in further research, dissemination of results, capacity building and other conservation outcomes. We also assessed grant recipients’ perceptions regarding factors that impeded conservation outcomes and factors that would have facilitated greater success. Of the 106 people we contacted, 42 responded, giving a 39.6% response rate. Seventy-nine percent of respondents reported at least one conservation outcome. The two most frequently reported outcomes were: (1) research presence generates greater local awareness/interest in target species and/or its habitat, and (2) increased scientific understanding of target species. None of the respondents reported outcomes directly related to the status of the target primate species. Capacity build- ing through the training and employment of students, local people, and protected area staff was reported by 81% of respondents. Almost all of the respondents (93%) disseminated their project results in some fashion (e.g., scholarly journals, newspapers, local radio and TV, conference presentations, and presentations to local schools and communities). The top five factors impeding con- servation outcomes were: (1) limited funding, (2) limited time, (3) illegal resource extraction, (4) changes in local government, and (5) lack of support from local people. The top three suggestions for ensuring more successful outcomes were: (1) develop partnerships with local governments and NGOs, (2) establish a long-term research presence, and (3) secure follow-up funding. Overall, the results highlight the importance of garnering local support for primate conservation projects, sustaining a long-term research presence at field sites, clearly defining terms used in monitoring and evaluation, building evaluation into the design of primate conservation projects, and encouraging and enabling researchers to share both