98 98 Reiner Hoffmann Otto Jacobi Berndt Keller Manfred Weiss (eds.) Die Europäische Union strahlt eine große Attraktivität aus. Zehn Länder werden ihr im Jahre 2004 beitreten, andere stehen vor der Tür. Der European Integration Band beginnt mit Überblicksartikeln für alle, die mit der EU noch nicht so vertraut sind. Ihnen schließen sich Artikel an, die die Frage behan- deln, ob die Erweiterung zu einer Zerreißprobe der EU führt oder ob as a Social Experiment sie über genügend Kraft verfügt, die neuen Beitrittsländer zu integrie- ren und das Europäische Sozialmodell zu festigen. Höchst interessant sind die Außensichten auf die EU. In Beiträgen aus den USA, der Türkei, in a Globalized World Südafrika und den afrikanischen Anrainerstaaten des Mittelmeeres wird ein differenziertes Bild gezeichnet von den Schwierigkeiten im Umgang mit der EU aber auch von dem Vorbildcharakter bei der Schaffung eines transnationalen Politik- und Wirtschaftsraumes. The European Union radiates major appeal.Ten new member countries will join in 2004 and others are assembled on the threshold.The volume starts with contributions presenting an overview for readers not yet familiar with the new Europe.This is followed by a set of chapters in which the authors consider whether enlargement will lead to an erosion of the EU or whether the European edifice has the strength to incorporate new members and safeguard the European Social Model. External perceptions of the EU are of particular interest, World in a Globalized as a Social Experiment Integration European and contributors dealing with the USA,Turkey, South Africa, and the North African Mediterranean states, discuss the difficulties arising in relation to the EU but also its exemplary role in creating a trans- national political area. Hoffmann/Jacobi/Keller/Weiss edition der Hans Böckler ISBN 3-935145-74-8 Stiftung e 14,00 Fakten für eine faire Arbeitswelt. Reiner Hoffmann / Otto Jacobi Berndt Keller / Manfred Weiss (eds.) European Integration as a Social Experiment in a Globalized World 1 edition der Hans-Böckler-Stiftung 98 llem mit Prüfungen von Jahresabschlüssen und umfangreichen betrieb- swirtschaftlichen Beratungen befasst. Die Schwerpunkte seiner Beratungstätigkeit liegen insbesondere in den Bereichen Umstrukturierung von Unternehmen, Erstellung betriebswirtschaftlicher Analysen und Gutachten. Außerdem erarbeitet er Konzeptionen für betriebswirtschaftliche Trainings und führt entsprechende Seminare durch. © Copyright 2003 by Hans-Böckler-Stiftung Hans-Böckler-Straße 39, 40476 Düsseldorf Buchgestaltung: Horst F. Neumann Kommunikationsdesign, Wuppertal Produktion: Der Setzkasten GmbH, Düsseldorf Printed in Germany 2003 ISBN 3-935145-74-8 Bestellnummer: 13098 Alle Rechte vorbehalten, insbesondere die des öffentlichen Vortrages, der Rundfunksendung, der Fernsehausstrahlung, der fotomechanischen Wiedergabe, auch einzelner Teile. 2 CONTENTS LIST OF CONTRIBUTORS 5 PREFACE 9 A. EUROPEAN INTEGRATION – A REFERENCE MODEL? Otto Jacobi: EUROPEAN ECONOMIC INTEGRATION AND THE ROLE OF THE TRADE UNIONS 11 Manfred Weiss: THE SOCIAL DIMENSION AS PART OF THE CONSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK 31 Berndt Keller: THE SUPRANATIONAL REGULATION OF EMPLOYMENT RELATIONS – THE EXAMPLE OF THE EU 47 B. EU ENLARGEMENT – A TROJAN HORSE? Michael Dauderstädt: EU EASTERN ENLARGEMENT: EXTENSION OR END OF THE EUROPEAN SOCIAL MODEL? 69 Heribert Kohl and Hans-Wolfgang Platzer: LABOUR RELATIONS IN CENTRAL AND EASTERN EUROPE AND THE EUROPEAN SOCIAL MODEL 101 3 Norbert Kluge and Eckhard Voss: MANAGEMENT STYLES AND WORKER PARTICIPATION IN FOREIGN COMPANIES IN THE EU APPLICANT COUNTRIES POLAND, CZECH REPUBLIC AND HUNGARY 121 Grigor Gradev: CEE SOCIAL DIALOGUE AND TRADE UNIONS IN THE ENLARGEMENT CONTEXT – DEVELOPING OR DIVERGING? 131 C. VIEWS FROM OVERSEAS Lance Compa and Lowell Turner: PATHS TO GLOBAL SOCIAL REGULATION – WHAT CAN AMERICANS LEARN FROM THE EUROPEAN UNION? 149 Thobile Yanta: THE AFRICAN UNION, THE NEW PARTNERSHIP FOR AFRICA’S DEVELOPMENT AND REGIONAL INTEGRATION IN AFRICA: ANY LESSONS FROM THE EU? 161 Isabelle Schömann: EURO-MEDITERRANEAN TRADE UNION FORUM: OR THE IMPACT OF THE ETUC/ICFTU IN PAVING THE WAY TOWARDS A EURO-MEDITERRANEAN SOCIAL MODEL 181 Faruk Sen:¸ TURKEY’S ROAD TO THE EU: PROBLEMS AND PROSPECTS 195 SELBSTDARSTELLUNG DER HANS-BÖCKLER-STIFTUNG 209 4 CONTRIBUTORS Lance Compa, Senior Lecturer School of Industrial and Labor Relations, Cornell University Ithaca, NY 14853-3901, USA Phone: 001 – 607 255 – 7314 Email: [email protected] Michael Dauderstädt, Economist Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung Godesberger Allee 149, D-53170 Bonn Phone: ++49-228-883-211 Email: [email protected] Grigor Gradev, Researcher European Trade Union Institute Boulevard du Roi Albert II, 5 B-1210 Brussels Phone: ++322 2240 410 Email: [email protected] Reiner Hoffmann, Deputy Secretary General ETUC – European Trade Union Confederation Boulevard du Roi Albert II, 5 B-1210 Brussels Phone: ++322 2240 500 Email: [email protected] Otto Jacobi, Economist Laboratorium Europa Grüneburgweg 150, D-60323 Frankfurt Phone: ++49 – 69 – 5970710 Email: [email protected] 5 Berndt Keller, Professor of Labour and Social Policy Universität Konstanz Universitätsstraße 10, D-78434 Konstanz Phone: ++49 – 7531 – 88 29 24 Email: [email protected] Norbert Kluge, Political Scientist European Trade Union Institute Boulevard du Roi Albert II, 5 B-1210 Brussels Phone: ++322 – 2240 – 508 Email : [email protected] Heribert Kohl, Consultant and Trainer Büro für wissenschaftliche Publizistik & Beratung Hüttenstraße 56a, D-40699 Erkrath Phone: ++49 – 2104 – 31420 Email: [email protected] Hans-Wolfgang Platzer, Professor, Jean-Monnet Chair of European Integration University of Applied Sciences Fulda Marquardstraße 35, D-36093 Fulda Phone: ++49 – 661 – 964 0473 Email: [email protected] Isabelle Schömann, Labour lawyer and NETLEX Coordinator European Trade Union Institute Boulevard du Roi Albert II, 5 B-1210 Brussels Phone: ++322 – 2240 724 Email: [email protected] 6 Faruk Sen, Professor and Director Zentrum für Türkeistudien (Center for Studies on Turkey) an der Universität Duisburg-Essen Altendorfer Str. 3, D-45127 Essen Phone: ++49 – 201 – 31980 Email: [email protected] Nikolaus Simon, Executive Director Hans-Böckler-Foundation Hans-Böckler-Straße 39, D-40476 Düsseldorf Phone: ++49 – 211 – 7778 153 Email: [email protected] Lowell Turner, Professor of International and Comparative Labor School of Industrial and Labor Relations, Cornell University Ithaca, NY 14853-3901, USA Phone: 001 – 607 – 255 – 2279 Email: [email protected] Eckhard Voss, Consultant Wmp consult Scharsteinwegsbrücke 2, D-20459 Hamburg Phone: ++49 – 40 – 4327 8741 Email: [email protected] Manfred Weiss, Professor of Labour Law Universität Frankfurt Senckenberganlage 31, D-60325 Frankfurt Phone: ++49 – 69 – 7982 2731 Email: [email protected] 7 Thobile Yanta, Researcher and Co-ordinator of the South-South Programme NALEDI – National Labour & Economic Development Institute 1 Leyds Street, Braamfontein, Johannesburg 2001, South Africa Phone: ++27 – 11 – 403-2122 Email: [email protected] 8 PREFACE The Hans Böckler Foundation and the European Trades Union Institute have many years of joint activities on which to look back, and we intend to continue our proven co-operation in the future. One field of shared work is the encouragement of academic projects to help to improve our understanding of European integra- tion. The European Trades Union Institute and the Hans Böckler Foundation are co-publishers of the journal South East Europe Review (SEER), and the publication you have before you is also a product of our partnership. A draft treaty on a European constitution has recently been presented. Even though it contains no binding agreement on state social systems, which is a dis- appointment from the trade union perspective, the draft symbolises the unbroken dynamism of European integration and the fascination that radiates out from it. European integration is aimed at concentrating its own strengths by means of political and economic co-operation. It is hoped that European integration, with the Charter of Human Rights and its aim to create social cohesion and prevent any recurrence of war in Europe, will make its contribution to a more peaceful world with prosperity and social solidarity. The European Union (EU) of today is the result of a 50-year process of confi- dence building between countries that used to be enemies. Although it has had setbacks and periods of marking time, European integration has, on the whole, been a success story. The EU has always been so attractive that more and more European countries have joined or intend to do so. Outside Europe, the EU has long been seen as a global economic power and, it may be hoped, a political force that is increasingly becoming more active world wide and speaking with a single voice on foreign policy. Both these aspects have given the inspiration for this anthology. Part A contains three articles giving a general view. These will be of interest to those readers who wish to learn more about the process of European unifi- cation. Part B consists of articles dealing with the question whether the EU's integra- tion potential will suffice to bind the new member states from Central Eastern Europe into the Union, or whether the reverse may happen and the eastward enlargement turn out to be a Trojan horse. The arguments about the European Social Model as a driving force or a threat are central to the discussion. 9 The