Initial Environmental Examination (Draft) Project Number: 51365-001 June 2020 Kazakhstan: Urban Infrastructure Modernization Program – Wastewater Treatment Project Construction of Wastewater Treatment Plant in Zhezkazgan City Prepared by The Kazakhstan Center for Communal Services Modernization and Reform (KazCenter ZhKH) for the Asian Development Bank. This initial environmental examination is a document of the borrower. The views expressed herein do not necessarily represent those of ADB's Board of Directors, Management, or staff, and may be preliminary in nature. Your attention is directed to the “terms of use” section on ADB’s website. In preparing any country program or strategy, financing any project, or by making any designation of or reference to a particular territory or geographic area in this document, the Asian Development Bank does not intend to make any judgments as to the legal or other status of any territory or area. WASTEWATER MODERNISATION PROGRAM OF GOVERNMENT OF KAZAKHSTAN KAZ: “CONSTRUCTION OF WASTEWATER TREATMENT PLANT IN ZHEZKAZGAN CITY” INITIAL ENVIRONMENTAL EXAMINATION (IEE) (DRAFT) June 2020 TABLE OF CONTENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY .............................................................................................................1 A. INTRODUCTION ......................................................................................................................9 A.1 General ................................................................................................................................9 A.2 Background .......................................................................................................................9 A.3 Purpose of the Report ....................................................................................................9 A.4.Category of Project ........................................................................................................10 A.5. Project Proponent .........................................................................................................11 A.6. Nature, size, and location of the Project ................................................................11 A.7. IEE Boundaries ..............................................................................................................12 A.8. Methodology applied ...................................................................................................12 A.9. Structure of the report .................................................................................................13 B. POLICY, LEGAL, AND ADMINISTRATIVE FRAMEWORK ....................................15 B.1. General ............................................................................................................................15 B.2. Country policies and administrative framework ..................................................15 B.2.1. Overall legal framework .................................................................................................................... 15 B.2.2. Environmental Impact Assessment ............................................................................................... 16 B.2.3. Administrative Framework ............................................................................................................... 16 B.3. Air, Water, Land and Noise Legislation ..................................................................17 B.3.1. Air Quality Legislation ...................................................................................................................... 17 B.3.2. Water Quality Legislation ................................................................................................................. 18 B.3.3. Health and Safety ............................................................................................................................... 20 B.3.4 Physical Cultural Heritage ................................................................................................................ 21 B.3.5. Waste Management ........................................................................................................................... 22 B.3.6. International Conventions and Treaties ....................................................................................... 24 B.4. Environmental Quality Standards ............................................................................26 B.4.1. Air Quality Standards ........................................................................................................................ 28 B.4.2. Water Quality Standards .................................................................................................................. 29 Synthetic-surface substances ...............................................................................................32 B.4.3. Soil Quality Legislation and Standards ........................................................................................ 37 B.4.3. Noise Standards ................................................................................................................................. 37 B.5. Sanitary Protection Zones ..........................................................................................38 B.5.1. Setting the borders of a sanitary protection zone ..................................................................... 40 B.6. ADB Safeguard Policy Statement 2009 ...................................................................40 B.7 Comparison of ADB requirements and legislation of Republic of Kazakhstan ....................................................................................................................................................43 C. DESCRIPTION OF THE PROJECT ...................................................................................49 C.1. Background ....................................................................................................................49 C.2. Need for the Project .....................................................................................................49 C.3. Project location .............................................................................................................49 C.4. Exisiting Situation.........................................................................................................50 C.4.1. Existing Master Plan .......................................................................................................................... 50 C.4.2. Sector Governance and Performance ........................................................................................... 50 C.4.3. Water Supply Network ...................................................................................................................... 51 C 4.4. Wastewater Network and Existing WWTP ................................................................................... 52 C.4.5 Conclusions .......................................................................................................................................... 56 C.4.6. Water Demand and Wastewater Production ............................................................................... 56 C.4.7. Pollution loads and design flow ..................................................................................................... 58 C.4.8. Design Standard ................................................................................................................................. 59 C.4.9. Design horizon .................................................................................................................................... 60 C.5. Conceptual Design Sizing of the New WWTP .......................................................60 C.5.1. Plant Hydraulics ................................................................................................................................. 64 C.5.2. Design Components .......................................................................................................................... 64 C.5.3. Layout of the new WWTP ................................................................................................................. 68 C.6. Construction Activities ..............................................................................................68 C.6.1. Land Acquisition ................................................................................................................................ 68 C.6.2. Access Roads ..................................................................................................................................... 69 C.6.3. Methods to accomplish main works.............................................................................................. 69 C.6.4. Earthworks ........................................................................................................................................... 69 C.6.5. Concrete works (Monolithic foundations, frames of buildings) ............................................. 69 C.6.6. Construction Equipment .................................................................................................................. 70 D. ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES ........................................................................................72 D.1. ‘No Project’ Alternative ...............................................................................................72 D.2.Technical Options for New