2011 MIGRATION UPDATE SOUTH AUSTRALIA AND BEYOND CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS 23 & 24 June 2011 Basil Hetzel Lecture Theatre Institute Building, ADELAIDE 2011 MIGRATION UPDATE CONFERENCE Conference Proceedings The Don Dunstan Foundation is a non-profit, non-political organisation established in 1999 to further Don Dunstan's social reform legacy by promoting visionary leadership and progressive thinking within government and the private sector. The Foundation promotes social reform by furthering public debate and promoting action on key public policy issues. The 2011 Migration Update conference is a collaborative initiative of the Don Dunstan Foundation, The University of Adelaide, Flinders University and the University of South Australia. Also supported by the State Government, this conference is designed to provide a comprehensive update to researchers, policy makers, service providers and the broader community about current research in South Australia on current refugee and migration matters. Plenary sessions will include presentations from practitioners, policy makers and researchers. Sponsors The conference organisers would like to thank the following organisations who generously provided sponsorship funds to support this conference: Don Dunstan Foundation Multicultural SA The University of Adelaide University of South Australia Flinders University Organising Committee Professor Graeme Hugo, The University of Adelaide Professor Nicholas Procter, University of South Australia Associate Professor Susanne Schech, Flinders University Associate Professor Fiona Verity, Flinders University Claire Bossley, Don Dunstan Foundation Sharna Pearce, Don Dunstan Foundation Don Dunstan Foundation Level 4, 230 North Terrace ADELAIDE SA 5000 Phone: 08 8303 3364 • Web: www.dunstan.org.au 2011 MIGRATION UPDATE CONFERENCE Table of Contents Preface - Graeme Hugo ............................................................................................................................................ Keynote Address - Migration Update: Current Trends & Developments ................................................................................. 4 Graeme Hugo Session 1 – Migration in Practice - Valuing the Role of Humanitarian Entrants in Settlement ........................................................................ 48 Kevin Liston - Excuse me, do any of you ladies speak English? - Perspectives of refugee women living in South Australia – barriers to accessing primary health care and achieving the Quality Use of Medicines ........... 66 Alice Clark Session 3 – Broader contexts of skilled migration in South Australia - Australians Abroad: the forgotten migrants .............................................................................................. 90 Kelly Parker - Experiences of Culture Shock, Vulnerability & Powerlessness: Reflections from International Medical Graduates and the impact on their wellbeing ........................................................................................... 102 Vicki Pascoe - Migration Patterns & Employment Outcomes of Newly-arrived India-born Migrants to South Australia..................................................................................................................................... 114 Natalie Fuller Session 4 – Community Response to aspects of migration - The Unvoiced Story: The Greek-Cypriot Migrant/Refugee Settlement in Australia ................................ 146 Maria Shialis - From myth to reality: retelling the story of Lebanese migration to Australia ............................................. 156 Maya Brookes Session 5 – Youth Education - Young people in transition: Adaptation among refugee and other migrant children and adolescents who are newly arrived in Australia ............................................................................................................. 176 Julie Robinson - Unaccompanied Humanitarian Minors - Vulnerability & Resilience ...................................................... 194 Keith Miller Conference Close - Vision for refugees and migrants in South Australia ............................................................................... 206 The Hon Grace Portolesi MP © Copyright 2011 Don Dunstan Foundation and the named contributors Published by: Don Dunstan Foundation, Level 4/230 North Terrace, ADELAIDE Formatting and layout: Sharna Pearce 2011 MIGRATION UPDATE CONFERENCE Preface The first 2011 Migration Update conference, held on 23 & 24 June, was received so favourably as to convince the organising committee that it now warrants an annual status. There is no other forum in Australia that provides what this conference provides. This includes: • National and state overviews of evidence relating to current migration matters; • The combined migration research weight of the 3 major South Australian universities available to all; • Comment by policy-makers and social service providers on the authenticity of the research and advice on gaps in the overall research profile; and • Opportunity for networking and collaboration as researchers who have previously worked in isolation meet with others with similar interests. In this collection of papers you will see macro and micro, depth and/or breadth, and innovative methodologies. The organising committee, consisting of Associate Professor Fiona Verity and Associate Professor Susanne Schech, both from Flinders University, Professor Nicholas Procter from UniSA, Sharna Pearce from the Don Dunstan Foundation and myself, appreciate the spirit with which all participants approached this conference and are assured that the issue of migration research (as it links to policy and application) will be well served by this conference in the years to come. We will adjust the program in future years on the basis of suggestions received and will look forward to your participation next year. Professor Graeme Hugo 2011 Migration Update Conference Organising Committee 1 KEYNOTE ADDRESS 2 3 Migration Update: trends & developments in migration in South Australia, Australia and globally Professor Graeme Hugo ARC Australian Professorial Fellow & Professor of Geography Director, National Centre for Social Applications of Geographic Information Systems (GISCA) The University of Adelaide Graeme Hugo is the author of over three hundred books, articles in scholarly journals and chapters in books, as well as a large number of conference papers and reports. He held an ARC Federation Fellowship between 2002 and 2007 and is currently Chair of the Advisory Committee on Demography and Liveability of the Commonwealth Department of Sustainable Environment, Water, Population and Communities. Professor Hugo is an acknowledged international expert in the area of geodemographics as well as on Australian and Asian population issues. He has served on a number of Australian government population related committees as well as worked as a consultant to a wide range of international organisations (World Bank, ILO, UNFPA, UN Population Division UNESCAP) and the Indonesian government. He is on scientific committees of the International Union for the Scientific Study of Population and the International Geographical Union as is on the Social Science Panel of the Australian Research Council. INTRODUCTION International migration has been a major contributor to Australian population growth in the postwar period. Without this international migration, Australia’s population would be around 13 million as opposed to almost 23 million at present (McDonald and Kippen 2000). In any consideration of future population growth at national and state levels, international migration must loom large. The present paper analyses recent changes in South Australia’s international migration and considers some likely trends in international migration over the next few years. In the last decade or so there has been a transformation in both the Australian and South Australian international migration situation. At the Australian level the year 2008-09 was a record year for immigration with 206,135 permanent settler arrivals and 542,902 long term arrivals and a net overseas migration of 299,863. In South Australia the change has been even more profound (Hugo 2009) with the release of the first Population Policy developed by a national or state government in Australia (Government of South Australia 2004) and the setting of a number of population targets in the State Strategic Plan (Government of South Australia 2007) including several relating to international migration. The introduction of the South Australian policy has been accompanied by the formation of a new agency, Immigration SA, to facilitate immigration to South Australia and the setting up of a population unit within the Department of Trade and Economic Development (DTED). 4 In addition, Education SA and Multicultural SA which were already established have expanded their migration related activities. The state has been the strongest lobbyist for developing and expanding the State Specific and Regional Migration Schemes section of the Australian Immigration Program. The report begins with some comments on the international context which is of crucial importance when discussing future possible trends in South Australia’s international migration. This is followed by a discussion of the role of international migration in recent population growth in South Australia. Then trends in the types, scale and composition of international migration influencing South Australia since 2001. This discussion focuses