THE AUSTRALIAN NATIONAL UNIVERSITY RESEARCH SCHOOL OF PACIFIC AND ASIAN STUDIES 2003 ANNUAL REPORT Research School of Pacific and Asian Studies The Australian National University Canberra ACT 0200 Australia Telephone 02 6125 2183 (or 61 2 6125 2183) Fax 02 6125 1893 (or 61 2 6125 1893) http://rspas.anu.edu.au ISSN 1442 1852 Production: Pandanus Books Publishing, Distribution and Imaging Research School of Pacific and Asian Studies Front cover: Carved Totems, Baie de St Maurice, Isle of Pines, New Caledonia Back cover: Bougainvillea, Tjibaou Cultural Centre, Noumea, New Caledonia Printer: CONTENTS Research School of Pacific and Asian Studies 1 Report of the School 3 Professor James J Fox Director’s Section 13 Division of Economics 27 Professor Warwick McKibbin Division of Pacific and Asian History 45 Professor Brij V Lal Division of Politics and International Relations 67 Dr Chris Reus-Smith Division of Society and Environment 87 Professor Darrell Tryon Non-Divisional Groups 133 Appendices Grants and consultancies 155 Acronyms 160 Index to academic staff names 165 Research School of Pacific and Asian Studies, 2003 Annual Report iii RESEARCH SCHOOL OF PACIFIC AND ASIAN STUDIES Report of the School 3 Professor James J Fox SCHOOL EXECUTIVE Director Professor James J Fox Deputy Director Professor Darrell Tryon Manager Dr Katy Gillette Assistant Manager Ms Sue Lawrence REPORT OF THE SCHOOL The Research School of Pacific and Asian Studies is one of the founding Schools of the Institute of Advanced Studies at The Australian National University. It was created with a vision that recognised the importance of the Asia–Pacific region to the future of Australia. For more than fifty years, the School has sought to fulfil that vision through its efforts to be Australia’s pre- eminent centre for research and advanced academic training on the region. The School’s research focus is on four defined areas of the Asia–Pacific region: Northeast Asia, Southeast Asia, South Asia and the Southwest Pacific. Through its continuing research and training, the School has created and fostered an unparalleled network of academic and research relationships throughout the Asia–Pacific region. The School has one of the largest concentrations of expertise on the Asia–Pacific region in the world. It is administratively organised into four Divisions: 1) Economics, 2) Pacific and Asian History, 3) Politics and International Relations, and 4) Society and Environment, plus a Director’s Section which includes the Strategic and Defence Studies Centre and the Northern Australia Research Unit in Darwin. It supports research in nine major disciplines: Anthropology, Archaeology, Economics, History, Human Geography, International Relations, Linguistics, Political Science and Strategic and Defence Studies. In recent years, it has added to this expertise a focus on the study of Gender Relations, Resource Management, and Governance. Each of these disciplines and areas of study carries out its own research, has its own academic training program and hosts both national and international visitors. To achieve its varied research agenda, the School includes a number of centres, projects, and bureaux, most of which are for administrative purposes attached to particular Divisions. These centres and projects include the Australia South Asia Research Centre, the Contemporary China Centre, the Centre for the Contemporary Pacific, the Centre for the Study of the Chinese Southern Diaspora, the Poverty Research Centre, the Centre for Conflict and Post- Conflict Studies, the Centre for Archaeological Research, the Gender Relations Centre, the Centre for Research on Language Change, the Indonesia Project, the Resource Management in Asia Pacific Project, the State, Society and Governance in Melanesia Project, the Land Management Project, the Thai-Yunnan Project, the Pacific Manuscripts Bureau and the Internet Publications Bureau. In 2003, the decision was taken to establish the Centre for Applied Macroeconomic Analysis as a University Centre based within the Economics Division of the School. This configuration of academic disciplines, centres and projects is intended to promote a range of research that is both disciplinary and interdisciplinary. The School’s various academic areas, including its centres and projects, hold regular seminars for the presentation of on-going scholarly research. In addition, the School hosts numerous conferences and supports several distinguished lecture series as well as ‘Updates’ on countries in the region. Research School of Pacific and Asian Studies, 2003 Annual Report 3 Research School of Pacific and Asian Studies Research Publications The research achievements of the School are reflected in the number and diversity of the publications of its staff. In 2003, members of the School produced 49 books, 25 edited books, and 149 chapters in books, 218 journal articles, 59 working papers, 11 chapters in conference proceedings, 14 reports, 31 book reviews, 6 forewords, 23 electronic publications and 24 microfilms/CD titles. It is worth citing a few of the important books published during the year to give some idea of the diversity of research within the School. In Economics, Professor Raghbendra Jha published two books, Macroeconomics for Developing Countries and Indian Economic Reforms. In International Relations, Dr Paul Keal published a book of far-reaching importance, European Conquest and the Rights of Indigenous People. Dr Greg Fealy and Dr Ed Aspinall published the latest volume, Local Power and Politics, in what is now a well-established and long-running series of Indonesian Update publications. Dr Greg Fealy’s monograph on Nahdlatul Ulama, originally written as his PhD dissertation, was published in Indonesian translation as Ijtihad Politik Ulama: Sejarah Nahdlatul Ulama, 1952–1967. In Anthropology, Dr Andrew McWilliam published an ethnographic monograph on the majority population of West Timor, Paths of Origin: Gates of Life, A Study of Place and Precedence in Southwest Timor, based on well over a decade of basic research. In Linguistics, Professors Malcolm Ross and Andrew Pawley with Ms Meredith Osmond published the 2nd of a five volume series on the Lexicon of Proto-Oceanic, focusing on the Physical Environment of the early Austronesians. Emeritus Professor Jack Golson was honoured by a special publication, Perspectives on Prehistoric Agriculture in the New Guinea Highlands, which appeared as an issue of the journal, Archaeology in Oceania. Among the publications that are a direct reflection on the research efforts of RSPAS are the dissertations written by graduate students in the School that have appeared as books. For 2003, for example, Dr In-Won Hwang published Personalized Politics: The Malaysian State under Mahathir and Dr Jun Honna published Military Politics and Democratization in Indonesia. Members of the School were also involved in the making of important documentary films: Professor Geremie Barmé’s Morning Sun is a stunning study of the Chinese cultural revolution while Dr John Darling produced an extraordinarily moving and timely film, The Healing of Bali, on the aftermath of the Bali bombings, which was screened by SBS Television. The School publishes five international journals: 1) The Bulletin of Indonesian Economic Studies, 2) The Journal of Pacific History, 3) The China Journal, 4) East Asian History and 5) The Asia Pacific Journal of Anthropology. The Journal Citation Reports for 2003 ranked The China Journal as No. 3 in the world for impact among all area studies journals and No. 2 in terms of its immediacy factor — how quickly articles get cited in other journals. The Linguistics Department in the School publishes Pacific Linguistics, which is the largest publication series of its kind on the languages of the Asia–Pacific region; Archaeology and Natural History publishes the series, Terra Australis, and the International Relations Department published Keynotes, a series of papers on contemporary issues. Professor Pranab K Bardhan from the University of California, Berkeley presented the 2003 K R Narayanan Oration entitled ‘Political-Economy and Governance Issues in the Indian 4 Research School of Pacific and Asian Studies, 2003 Annual Report Research School of Pacific and Asian Studies Professor James J Fox with recent graduate Mei Hui-Yu Economic Reform Process’ and Professor Wen-hsin Yeh, also from the University of California, Berkeley delivered the 64th Morrison Lecture, entitled ‘Historian and Courtesan: Chen Yinque and the Biography of Liu Rushi’. Staff, Students and Visitors By the end of the year, the School had 100 full-time academic staff including staff on outside funding. This increase from 70 academic staff in 1998 has been part of a process of planned renewal within the School. The School made 18 new academic appointments in 2003. Ten of these appointments were offered to women. Of the new offers, 12 were taken up in 2003. In addition, six academics who had been offered appointments in 2002 took up their positions. At this stage, there are no plans for a further expansion of staff numbers. The School hosted 167 Visiting Fellows and Department Visitors. Visitors are an essential component of the School and provide a considerable enhancement to the School’s research. However, with an increase in the number of full-time staff and a substantial increase in the number of PhD students, the School has had to put forward a revised policy limiting the office space allocated to visitors within the Coombs Building. An administrative review in 2002 led to a formal separation of RSPAS from RSSS. A period of adjustment was needed in 2003 to develop effective new working relations. The development Research School of Pacific and Asian Studies, 2003 Annual Report 5 Research School of Pacific and Asian Studies of these new working arrangements was one of the achievements of 2003. By the end of the year, the School’s general staff included 71 full-time positions and 37 part-time positions. The School has continued to increase the number of its enrolments at both the PhD and MA level. In December 2003, 138 students were enrolled for the PhD (compared with 110 PhD students in December 2002).