Sheffield Business School BSc (Honours) Events and Leisure Management Title: Major Sports event have positive impact on Hong Kong Name: Cheung Kin Ling Student No: 91206538 Month Year April 2011 Sheffield Hallam University Sheffield Business School Title: Major Sports event have positive impact on Hong Kong FULL NAME: Cheung Kin Ling STUDENT No: 91206538 Supervisor: Mr. Calvin Ng In partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Bachelor of Science in Events and Leisure Management. Month Year April 2011 Abstract This dissertation focuses on Hong Kong major sports event positive impacts. These impacts are the economic, infrastructure and job creation. It uses multi-data analysis with the qualitative methods throughout data collected and secondary search information to investigate the positive impact for the major sports event. It will investigate on the short term and long term of each impact. After the analysis, it will demonstrate the major sports event will take lots of the positive impact by hosting the major sports event. In addition, the dissertation also points out transportation in the pass events are not sufficient arrangement and it needs improvement in order to host events successfully. .The main contents of the dissertation are five chapter and three major parts, Chapter One, Two and Three are the first part which define the objective and through the literature review to discuss the major sports event will affect Hong Kong Chapter Four, as the Part Two, analyzes the following three parts. There are the economic, infrastructure and job creation short term and long term impact when hosting the major event specially to point out the advantage for Hong Kong by the sports events. Chapter Five, as the Part Three, it is a conclusion that the major sports events play a unique role in the sport development. And conclude the major sports event bring the positive impact to Hong Kong 1 Acknowledgements Thank you to my supervisor Mr. Calvin Ng who has given me valuable suggestions during the discussion and guidance throughout the dissertation. Thank you to my friend Raymond Ng for her teaching the dissertation structure. Thank you to my friend Raymond Ng for his Proof reading to the English in the dissertation. 2 Table of Content Abstract P.1 Acknowledgements P.2 Table of Contents P.3-4 List of illustrations P.5 List of abbreviations P.6 Chapter 1: Introduction 1.1 The overview of the event P.7-8 1.2 The reasons of choosing this topic P.8 1.3 The Aims and Objectives P.9 Chapter 2: Literature Review 2.1 .Definition of Major event P.10 2.2. Major Sports Event in Hong Kong P.11-12 2.3. Positive impact of Major Sports event P.12 2.3.1 Economic impact P.13-14 2.3.2 Construction of Infrastructure P.14-15 2.3.3 Job creation P.15 Chapter 3: Research Methodology 3.1 Secondary data collection P.17-18 3.2 Limitations P.18-19 Chapter 4: Finding and Analysis 4.1 Findings and analysis of secondary Research P.20 4.2 The event holding in Hong Kong P.21 4.3 Sports Events on the impact of Hong Kong 4.31 Economic impact 4.311 Short term P.21-22 4.312 Long term P.22-24 3 4.32 Construction of Infrastructure 4.321 Short term P.24-25 4.322 Long term P.25-26 4.33 Job creation 4.331 Short term P.26 4.332 Long term P.27 Chapter 5: Conclusion P.28-29 5.1 Recommendation P.29-31 Reference P.32-37 Appendix 4 List of illustrations Table 2.1. The major sports event holding by Hong Kong P11 2.2 The 2010 peak season visitor arrivals by country/ territory of residence P13 5 List of abbreviations Cathay Pacific = Cathay Pacific Airways Limited EAG = East Asian Game HKTB = Hong Kong Tourism Board, HKJC = Hong Kong Jockey Club MSEC = Major Sports Events Committee PCU = Transport Complaints Unit 6 Chapter 1: Introduction 1.1The overview of the event With the advent of the 21st century, the economy is growing very fast and stable. People are also increasing their demands of life. Different types of physical activity such as cycling and windsurfing gradually to become a leisure activities and the government wants to develop the sports events. With the success of the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games, Hong Kong pays more attention with the major event development than before. There are variety types of major sports event in the world, for example, the World Cup, the Olympic Games, the FIFA World Cup World Fair and Asian Game. Although different countries understand that it’s hard to bid the event and need a long time to plan it to make it success. They are still interested in those events because they will bring out types of positive impacts. Most of the countries are interested in the event promotion, the sponsors, advertising, venue construction, ticket sales and broadcasting rights income. And they hope to bid the event since it is an opportunities for their city development. And also, the major sports event will bring out the great economic benefit. The Beijing Olympic Economy Research Association deputy chairman Cheng Xiusheng in the “China Economic Weekly "interview, said.“ the economic content of the Beijing Olympics Sense of the total revenue of about 20 billion U.S. dollars.”( Xinhuanet,2008) 7 The following paper reviews some literatures that to find out the related impacts of major events and analysis different impacts that major events bring to host city. The case of the Olympic Equestrian Event in 2008, Hong Kong Rugby Seven and East Asian Games2009 would be used to illustrate the major event is it will bring out the positive impacts such as, the economic, the infrastructure and the job creation for the host cities. To discuss these three major effects for the event since the economic usually is the most important part with an event and the infrastructure will also affect to the job creation. However, compare to the economic, infrastructure and job creation, the political is less important to the event. So it will not discuss in this paper. 1.2 The reasons of choosing this topic In recent years, Hong Kong had held different large scale sporting events like 2008 Olympic equestrian, Hong Kong Seven, Hong Kong Marathon and the 2009 East Asian Games. Hosting the Major sports event would bring direct and indirect economic benefits by attracting business, stimulating tourist spending and increasing employment opportunities. It also would boost the local interest in sport and attract visitors. The number of jobs created is expected to be high during the event and after that. The event is also likely to bolster Hong Kong's image as a major estimation for sports events. This wills recognition of Hong Kong as a global financial centre. Inbound-tourism and related industries such as food and beverage, retails will also receive a boost. These long-term benefits are impossible to quantify with precision. 8 1.3. The Aims and Objectives: The aim of this paper is to find out the positive impacts by holding the major sports event on Hong Kong. The below are the main objectives of the study: Demonstrate the major sports event will bring out the short term and long term positive impact for Hong Kong Clearly indentify the Economic benefit Infrastructure benefit Job creation benefit 9 Chapter 2. Instrumental Literature Review Introduction The literature review is list of the separate review of the books and the article. The journal and article will be use to identify the terms of the major sports event in Hong Kong. Also, there are using the theories to explain why the major sports event will bring the positive impact to Hong Kong. The positive impact is the economic, infrastructure and job creation. 2.1 Definition of Major event Major events are events that, by their scale and media interest, are capable of attracting significant visitor numbers, media coverage and economic benefits (Bowdin, Allen, O'Toole 2006). And UK sport (1999a, p.4) consider that three elements are required to be classed as a major sporting event: It involves competition between teams and / or individuals representing number of nations. It attracts significant public interest, nationally and internationally, through spectator attendance and media coverage It is of international significance to the sports concerned, and features prominently on their international calendar. 10 2.2. Major Sports Event in Hong Kong In Hong Kong, the major sport event is more and more widely in the public life. There are thousand of the major event will holding on the different city per year in the world. For example, festival Celebrations, the fund-raising activities, the Asian game and the world football cup, the types of the major event are numerous. For the sport, Hong Kong devoted to develop of sports in order to organizer more sustainable major events. The Hong Kong government ask the Major Sports Events Committee (MSEC, 2011), launched the "M" Mark System and Support Packages (the "M" Mark System) in November 2004. "M" Mark status will be awarded to the recognized major sports events held in Hong Kong. So in Hong Kong, the “M” Mark System event will be the major sports event. Such as the Cathay Pacific Hong Kong Squash Open, the FIVB WORLD Grand Prix- Hong Kong and the Standard Chartered Hong Kong Marathon. The Chairman of the MSEC, Mr Herman Hu(2009), said: "The staging of major sports events contributes to a sustainable sporting culture, fosters a sense of pride and social cohesion, and brings tangible economic benefits to our community.
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