Contents Introduction . xxvii Gerret Hendricks, Derick op de Graeff, Francis Daniell Pastorius, and Abraham op den Graef Resolution .of .Germantown .Mennonites . 1 George Keith An .Exhortation .& .Caution .to .Friends .Concerning . Buying .or .Keeping .of .Negroes . 4 Samuel Sewall The .Selling .of .Joseph: .A .Memorial . 9 John Hepburn from .The .American .Defence .of .the .Christian .Golden . Rule, .or .an .Essay .to .Prove .the .Unlawfulness .of . Making .Slaves .of .Men . 15 Elihu Coleman from .A .Testimony .against .the .Anti-Christian .Practice . of .Making .Slaves .of .Men . 20 Benjamin Lay from All. Slave-Keepers. that. Keep. the. Innocent. in. Bondage. 23 John Woolman from The .Journal, .1755; .1758 . 25 Anthony Benezet from .Observations .on .the .Inslaving, .Importing .and . Purchasing .of .Negroes . 28 Arthur Lee Letter .to .the .Virginia Gazette, .March .19, .1767 . 34 Benjamin Franklin A .Conversation .on .Slavery . 39 xi xii . contents John Trumbull The .Correspondent, .No . .8 . 46 Jane Dunlap The .Ethiopians .shall .Stretch .out .their .hands .to .God, . or .a .call .to .the .Ethiopians . 49 David Cooper from .A .Mite .Cast .into .the .Treasury; .or, .Observations . on .Slave-Keeping . 50 Patrick Henry Letter .to .John .Alsop, .January .13, .1773 . 52 Phillis Wheatley To .the .Right .Honourable .William, .Earl .of .Dartmouth, . His .Majesty’s .Principal .Secretary .of .State .for .North- . America, .&c . 54 Letter .to .the .Rev . .Samson .Occom, .February .11, .1774 . 56 Elhanan Winchester from .The .Reigning .Abominations, .Especially .the . Slave .Trade, .Considered .as .Causes .of .Lamentation . 57 Thomas Paine Letter .to .the .Pennsylvania Journal, . March .8, .1775 . 61 . Lemuel Haynes from .Liberty .Further .Extended: .Or .Free .Thoughts .on . the .Illegality .of .Slave-Keeping . 66 Samuel Hopkins from .A .Dialogue, .Concerning .the .Slavery .of .the .Africans . 69 Joel Barlow from .The .Prospect .of .Peace . 75 from .The .Columbiad . 76 . contents . xiii Anthony Benezet Observations .on .Slavery . 78 from .Short .Observations .on .Slavery . 85 Jupiter Hammon from .A .Dialogue, .intitled, .The .Kind .Master .and .the . Dutiful .Servant . 89 Anonymous Shandyism . 94 George Washington Letter .to .Robert .Morris, .April .12, .1786 . 96 from .Last .Will .and .Testament . 97 Benjamin Rush The .Paradise .of .Negro-Slaves—a .dream . 100 Anonymous Essay .on .Negro .Slavery, .No . .I . 105 Theodore Dwight “Help! .oh, .help! .thou .God .of .Christians!” . 111 . Prince Hall The .Petition .of .a .Great .Number .of .Blacks, .Freemen . of .this .Commonwealth . 114 Susanna Rowson from .The .Inquisitor; .or, .Invisible .Rambler . 116 Olaudah Equiano from .The .Interesting .Narrative .of .the .Life .of .Olaudah . Equiano, .or .Gustavus .Vassa, .the .African . .Written . by .Himself . 119 Benjamin Franklin Sidi .Mehemet .Ibrahim .on .the .Slave .Trade . 122 xiv . contents Joseph Sansom from .A .Poetical .Epistle .to .the .Enslaved .Africans, . in .the .Character .of .an .Ancient .Negro, .Born .a .Slave . in .Pennsylvania . 126 Benjamin Banneker from .Copy .of .a .Letter .from .Benjamin .Banneker .to .the . Secretary .of .State . 129 Jonathan Edwards from .The .Injustice .and .Impolicy .of .the .Slave .Trade, . and .of .the .Slavery .of .the .Africans . 133 . Ezra Stiles et al. The .Petition .and .Address .of .the .Connecticut .Society, . for .the .promotion .of .Freedom . 140 Robert Pleasants et al. The .Memorial .of .the .Virginia .Society, .for .promoting . the .Abolition .of .Slavery . 143 Anonymous The .Wretched .Taillah: .An .African .Story . 145 Sarah Wentworth Apthorp Morton The .African .Chief . 148 Noah Webster from .Effects .of .Slavery .on .Morals .and .Industry . 151 Timothy Dwight from .Greenfield .Hill . 156 from .Triumph .of .Democracy . 157 from .The .Charitable .Blessed . 158 Philip Freneau On .the .Migration .to .America, .and .Peopling .the . Western .Country . 161 Virginia: .A .Fragment . 163 . contents . xv David Humphreys from .A .Poem .on .Industry .Addressed .to .the .Citizens . of .the .United .States .of .America . 165 from .A .Valedictory .Discourse . 167 Charles Pinckney Sumner from .The .Compass . 169 Anonymous from .Reflections .on .the .Slavery .of .the .Negroes, . Addressed .to .the .Conscience .of .Every .American . Citizen . 170 St. George Tucker from .A .Dissertation .on .Slavery: .With .a .Proposal .for .the . Gradual .Abolition .of .It, .in .the .State .of .Virginia . 172 Anonymous from .The .American .in .Algiers, .or .the .Patriot .of . Seventy-Six .in .Captivity . 174 Boston King from .Memoirs .of .the .Life .of .Boston .King, .a .Black . Preacher . 176 Anonymous The .African .Slave .[“Ye .Sons .of .Columbia”] . 182 Thomas Branagan from .The .Penitential .Tyrant; .or, .Slave .Trader .Reformed . 184 Isabella Oliver On .Slavery . 187 Absalom Jones from .A .Thanksgiving .Sermon . 193 Anonymous The African. Slave. [“Shall. the. muse. that’s. wont. to. wander”] . 197 xvi . contents Peter Williams Jr. Hymn .I . 199 Boyrereau Brinch from .The .Blind .African .Slave, .or .Memoirs .of .Boyrereau . Brinch, .Nick-Named .Jeffrey .Brace . 201 William Hamilton Hymn .II . 203 Adam Carman from .An .Oration .Delivered .at .the .Fourth .Anniversary . of .the .Abolition .of .the .Slave .Trade . 205 Peter Clemmons Sr. from .Poor .Peter’s .Call .to .His .Children, .and .to .All . Others .Who .Can .Hear .and .Believe . 208 James Forten from .Letters .from .a .Man .of .Colour .on .a .Late .Bill . Before .the .Senate .of .Pennsylvania . 211 George Bourne from .The .Book .and .Slavery .Irreconcilable . 216 Prince Saunders from .A .Memoir .Presented .to .the .American .Convention . for .Promoting .the .Abolition .of .Slavery, .and . Improving .the .Condition .of .the .African .Race . 219 John Jay Letter .to .Elias .Boudinot, .Esq ., .November .17, .1819 . 223 Rufus King from .Observations .of .Rufus .King, .on .the .Missouri .Bill . 225 Anonymous The .Christian .Slave . 228 Jeremiah Gloucester from .An .Oration .on .the .Abolition .of .the .Slave .Trade . 232 . contents . xvii Ann Evans from .Africa . 237 William Cullen Bryant The .African .Chief . 239 Elizabeth Margaret Chandler The .Slave-Ship . 242 The .Enfranchisement . 243 Tea-Table .Talk . 245 Think .of .Our .Country’s .Glory . 248 Lydia Sigourney To .the .First .Slave .Ship . 249 Slavery: Written. for. the. Celebration. of. the. Fourth. of. July. .. 251 George Moses Horton On .Liberty .and .Slavery . 253 The .Slave’s .Complaint . 254 Robert Voorhis from .Life .and .Adventures .of .Robert .Voorhis, . the .Hermit .of .Massachusetts . 256 David Walker from .Walker’s .Appeal .in .Four .Articles; .Together .with . a .Preamble, .to .the .Coloured .Citizens .of .the .World . 262 Anonymous The .African .Woman . 265 William Lloyd Garrison To .the .Public . 267 Universal .Emancipation . 270 Truisms . 271 Song .of .the .Abolitionist . 274 John Greenleaf Whittier To .William .Lloyd .Garrison . 276 The .Hunters .of .Men . 278 The .Yankee .Girl . 279 xviii . contents Clerical .Oppressors . 281 The .Slave .Ships . 282 The .Branded .Hand . 286 Anonymous A .Dream . 289 Another .Dream . 296 Anonymous The .Family .Circle—No . .8 . 303 Lydia Maria Francis Child Jumbo .and .Zairee . 308 Slavery’s .Pleasant .Homes . 316 William Ellery Channing from .Slavery . 322 Charles Ball from .Slavery .in .the .United .States: .A .Narrative .of .the . Life .and .Adventures .of .Charles .Ball, .A .Black .Man . 325 James Gillespie Birney To .the .Slaveholders .of .the .South . 328 from .The .Sinfulness .of .Slaveholding .in .All . Circumstances; .Tested .by .Reason .and .Scripture . 330 James Forten from .An .Address .Delivered .before .the .Ladies’ . Anti-Slavery .Society .of .Philadelphia . 331 Sarah Moore Grimké from .An .Epistle .to .the .Clergy .of .the .Southern .States . 336 Narrative .and .Testimony .of .Sarah .M . .Grimké . 340 Angelina Emily Grimké from .An .Appeal .to .the .Women .of .the .Nominally . Free .States . 347 . contents . xix John Pierpont A .Word .from .a .Petitioner, .to .Congress . 354 The .Tocsin . 358 Plymouth .Rock . 361 ‘I .Would .Not .Live .Always’ . 362 Moses Roper from .A .Narrative .of .the .Adventures .and .Escape .of . Moses .Roper, .from .American .Slavery . 363 James Williams from .Narrative .of .James .Williams: .An .American .Slave: . Who .Was .for .Several .Years .a .Driver .on .a .Cotton . Plantation .in .Alabama . 367 Edmund Quincy Mother .Cœlia . 372 Gerrit Smith from .Letter .of .Gerrit .Smith .to .Hon . .Henry .Clay . 376 Theodore Dwight Weld from .American .Slavery .As .It .Is: .Testimony .of . a .Thousand .Witnesses . 379 Maria Weston Chapman Pinda:—A .True .Tale . 387 Harriet Winslow The .Lonely .Hearted . 400 John Quincy Adams from .Argument .of .John .Quincy .Adams, .Before .the . Supreme .Court .of .the .United .States, .in .the .Case .of . the .United .States, .appellants, .vs . .Cinque, .and .Others, . Africans, .Captured .in .the .Schooner .Amistad . 403 Daniel Henshaw Dialogue .on .Slavery . 413 xx . contents Lunsford Lane from .The .Narrative .of .Lunsford .Lane, .Formerly . of .Raleigh, .N C. 423 Henry Wadsworth Longfellow The .Slave’s .Dream . 430 The .Slave .in .the .Dismal .Swamp . 432 The .Slave .Singing .at .Midnight . 433 The .Quadroon .Girl . 434 The .Witnesses . 435 John Neal Duty .and .Safety .of .Emancipation . 437 M. L. Gardner Arouse, .New-England’s .Sons . 441 Henry Highland Garnet An Address. to. the. Slaves. of. the. United. States. of. America . 443 Jairus Lincoln Hymn .17 . 452 Anonymous Am .I .not .a .Sister?