Phillis Wheatley Denmark Vesey Nat Turner Frederick Douglass Harriet Tubman Missouri Compromise of 1820 Dred Scott Emancipation Proclamation Freedman’s Bureau Thirteenth Amendment Fourteenth Amendment Fifteenth Amendment Black Codes (1865-1866) Reconstruction acts (1867) Hiram Revels Spelman College Booker T. Washington Tuskegee Institute George Washington Carver Plessy v. Ferguson National Association for the Advancement of W.E.B. Du Bois Colored People (NAACP) James Weldon Johnson Ella Baker Myrlie Evers-Williams Kwesi Mfume Marcus Garvey Harlem Renaissance Jackie Robinson Malcom X Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka, Kansas Rosa Parks Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC) “Little Rock Nine” “Greensboro Four” Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee “Freedom Riders” (SNCC) Civil Rights Movement James Meredith Malcolm X The Black Panthers Stokely Carmichael Thurgood Marshall Civil Rights Act of 1968 Affirmative Action 1 Regents of the University of California v. Bakke Barack Obama Barbara Jordan Mary McLeod Bethune Ralph Bunche Marian Wright Edelman Reverend Jesse Jackson Maya Angelou Dr. Carter G. Woodson Frederick Douglass Alain Locke Edward Brooke Mathew Henson Jack Johnson (1908) Carl Stokes (1967) Tom Bradley David Dinkins James Earl Jones Shirley Chisholm Crispus Attucks Willie Mays Carol Mosely-Braun Rita Dove Josephine Baker Ida B. Wells-Barnett Leontyne Price Marian Anderson Angela Davis Sojourner Truth Toni Morrison Zora Neale Hurston Louis Farrakhan Colin Powell Elijah Mc Coy Lewis Latimer Jan Ernst Matzeliger Granville T. Woods Madame C.J. Walker Garrett Morgan Otis Boykin Dr. Patricia E. Bath Lonnie G. Johnson Benjamin Banneker Marjorie Stewart Joyner Carl Lewis Althea Gibson Arthur Ashe Muhammad Ali 2 Ernie Davis Wilma Rudolph Gail Devers Florence Griffith Joyner Jackie Robinson Marian Anderson Harlem Globetrotters Leroy Robert “Satchel” Paige Michael Jordan Hattie Mc Daniel Sidney Poitier Ethel Water Alice Walker Langston Hughes Berry Gordy, Jr. Motown Sound (Temptations, Supremes, Four Tops) Sammy Davis, Jr. Nat King Cole Lee Patrick Brown Edward Kennedy “Duke” Ellington Luis “Satchmo” Armstrong Charlie “Bird” Parker Alvin Ailey Underground Railroad “Buffalo Soldiers” (1871) Tuskegee Airmen Amistad “The Great Migration” (1927) Jesse Owens Bessie Coleman Mae Jamison Ruby Bridges Guy Bluford, Jr. Prince Hall Michelle Obama Dr. Vivien Thomas John Hanson Michelle Obama Dr. Charles Richard Drew Condoleeza Rice Rev. Al Sharpton Oprah Winfrey Danny Sloan Scott Joplin (1868-1917) Jim Beckwourth (1798-1867) Nat Turner Nelson Mandela Ronald McNair 3 4 .