Urban MOBILITY in a Digital Age A TRANSPORTATION TECHNOLOGY STRATEGY FOR LOS ANGELES THIS PAGE IS INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK. Urban MOBILITY in a Digital Age A TRANSPORTATION TECHNOLOGY STRATEGY FOR LOS ANGELES PREPARED FOR THE CITY OF LOS ANGELES OFFICE OF THE MAYOR AND DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION BY ASHLEY Z. HAND, AIA, LEED AP BD+C TRANSPORTATION TECHNOLOGY STRATEGIST This report would not have been possible without the time + contributions of many people across multiple sectors. Thank you to Seleta Reynolds, Peter Marx, the Fellowship Advisory Board, the Technical Review Committee, the talented staff at LADOT and many others for their support + vision. August 2016 URBAN MOBILITY IN A DIGITAL AGE ACKNOWLEDGMENTS LADOT People Street EXECUTIVE SUMMARY.....................i ABOUT THE FELLOWSHIP..............2 RADICAL DISRUPTION...................5 Table of Introduction Shared Mobility Connected + Automated Vehicles Challenges of a Changing Tech Environment CONTENTS Transportation Happiness Time Horizon ROLE OF LOCAL GOVERNMENT........19 Goals Platform for Innovation Data as a Service Mobility as a Service Infrastructure as a Service RECOMMENDATIONS...........................23 Overview Build a solid data foundation Leverage technology + design for a better transportation experience Create partnerships for more shared services Establish feedback loops for services + infrastructure Prepare for an automated future PILOTS.................................................107 CONCLUSION......................................125 REFERENCES...................................127 APPENDIX....................................137 Mobility Data Wishlist Letter to the State of California DMV City AV Business Plan Role Description List of Interviews + Idea Exchanges URBAN MOBILITY IN A DIGITAL AGE TABLE OF CONTENTS Executive SUMMARY Pixabay/prvideotv Executive Summary Los Angeles is a culturally rich urban metropolis that has for a better customer experience, creating partnerships for captured the imagination of millions of creative, tech-savvy more complimentary shared services, establish feedback and diverse populations from around the world. With the loops for services and infrastructure, and preparing for region’s population projected to reach 22 million by 2040 an automated future, Los Angeles can refine and set the (SCAG), Los Angeles must shed its reputation as a car precedent for 21st Century mobility just as it did in the culture or its roads will come to a standstill. The use of one 20th Century. LADOT must position itself as a platform for vehicle per person to get around this vast metropolitan mobility innovation that supports greater mode options by region is no longer viable, creating structural inequality, providing Data, Mobility and Infrastructure as a Service to exerting extensive pressure on our infrastructure that all Angelenos. outpaces funding, and leaving too many Angelenos stuck in traffic. As our greatest and most prevalent public asset, streets occupy 15% of Los Angeles’ total land area and The Vision serves as our city’s lifeblood (LADOT Vision Zero). There The City of Los Angeles, like many large cities, faces many are several emerging trends in transportation technology transportation challenges. In response, our policymakers that will help maximize limited resources to improve vehicle have established several transportation policy goals: and roadway capacity, enhance customer experience and increasing mobility (Mobility Plan); keeping pedestrians, transportation happiness, and make our public right-of- bicyclists, and motorists safe (Vision Zero); and, improving ways safer for all Angelenos if we prepare for them now. air quality by decreasing congestion (Sustainability pLAn). Urban Mobility in a Digital Age is a transportation With the rapid rise of technology in transportation, LADOT technology strategy designed to build on the success and will need to deploy and support an ecosystem or mobility innovation of the City of Los Angeles and its Department marketplace of advanced technologies to meet these of Transportation (LADOT) as regulator and transportation policy objectives and create truly great streets for all service provider in a complex and evolving ecosystem of Angelenos. To do so, LADOT must evolve into a platform public and private services. With a focus on building a for transportation innovation that focuses on three primary solid data foundation, leveraging technology and design customer service delivery goals: data, mobility and infrastructure. Leverage technology Create Establish Build a solid + design for a partnerships feedback loops Prepare for an data foundation. better for more shared for services + automated future. transportation services. infrastructure. experience. 1 2POLICY + IMPLEMENTATION3 + PILOTS4 5 PLATFORM FOR MOBILITY INNOVATION DATA AS A SERVICE + MOBILITY AS A SERVICE + INFRASTRUCTURE AS A SERVICE URBAN MOBILITY IN A DIGITAL AGE i Goal 1: Data as a Service Goal 2: Mobility as a Service In the digital age, LADOT must be able to provide and Mobility as a Service centers on the customer or receive real-time data from an increasingly complex mobility consumer, a person who purchases and uses marketplace of public and private transportation service transportation for personal use (Shaheen). It is a single providers, other jurisdictions, and connected and platform and payment system that offers access to a suite automated vehicles to maximize the efficiency and safety of transportation mode choices, often bundled together of the road and transportation networks. The San Pedro in packages. This approach requires collaboration and Bay Port Complex, the combined ports of Los Angeles coordination across different transportation modes, and Long Beach, is the world's ninth largest container port and providers and creates a potentially competitive (Port of LA). In 2015, more than 76 million passengers marketplace of services to meet the real-time and travel through LAX. As these gateways grow in the coming changing needs of Angelenos throughout the day, week decade, so too does the demand for better logistics and or month, effectively transforming the single-occupant more efficient infrastructure networks to keep people and automobile owner model. While this places the burden goods moving. of information exchange on public agencies and private transportation operators - both freight and passenger - Data as a Service is the rapid exchange of real-time Mobility as a Service can significantly improve access to conditions and service information between service jobs, education, healthcare, and other services by making providers, customers and the supporting infrastructure. it easier for Angelenos to find and utilize an increasingly This requires a seamless data exchange with a variety complex suite of services through a single interface. This of partners and stakeholders, privacy and security affords Angelenos more choice when determining what protections, the capacity to analyze data from a variety mode best accommodates their schedule – a key element of resources, and the ability to integrate this insight into in rider satisfaction. a data-driven decision-making process at the level of elected officials and department management. This is a LADOT has already partnered to make it easier for relatively cost-effective way to enhance connectivity and customers to evaluate transportation options through a system efficiency and reliability without constructing new trip planning application, Go LA, which compares mode physical infrastructure. With better data, LADOT will be in options for the fastest, cheapest and/or greenest routes. a position to become more responsive to the transportation Additionally, LADOT has piloted a mobile payment needs of Angelenos as both a service provider and application for its transit services and there are plans regulator of transportation in Los Angeles. Urban Mobility to expand Go LA to include reservation and payment in a Digital Age proposes near-term investments in data capabilities in Summer 2016. This experience with infrastructure and the public sector workforce to support smartphone application-enabled services demonstrates this service in the future. Furthermore, Data as a Service the ability of LADOT in its role as a convener or advocate will support the goals of Mobility and Infrastructure as a for regional Mobility as a Service. Urban Mobility in a Service by tapping into critical data to best align resources Digital Age recommends LADOT establishes itself as a to demand. leading advocate for expanded access across the region LA Great Streets 2015 LA Great Streets Challenge Winner, Connect the Dots, hosted three design workshops on the Van Nuys Civic Center Plaza to reimagine LA’s Great Streets at their fullest potential: serving as engaging public spaces; healthy, active transit corridors in lively economic zones; and strategic groundwater assets. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ii LADOT PLATFORM FOR MOBILITY INNOVATION Data as a Service Mobility as a Service Infrastructure as a Service Data as a Service is the rapid Mobility as a Service centers Infrastructure as a Service exchange of real-time conditions around the customer; it proposes that access to public and service information between offers access to a suite of infrastructure should be subject service providers, customers and transportation mode choices to pay-as-you-go fees that more the supporting infrastructure for through a single platform and closely align the costs associated greater system efficiency