Chapter Planning Guide Key to Ability Levels Key to Teaching Resources BL Below Level AL Above Level Print Material Transparency OL On Level ELL English CD-ROM or DVD Language Learners Levels Chapter Section Section Section Chapter BL OL AL ELL Resources Opener 1 2 3 Assess FOCUS BL Daily Focus Skills Transparencies 3-1 3-2 3-3 TEACH BL ELL Guided Reading Activity, URB* p. 43 p. 44 p. 45 BL ELL Vocabulary Activity, URB* p. 35 BL OL AL ELL Reinforcing Skills Activity, URB p. 39 OL Enrichment Activity, URB p. 41 pp. 16– pp. 19– pp. 22– BL ELL Reading Essentials and Note-Taking Guide* 18 21 24 BL OL AL ELL National Geographic World Atlas* ✓ ✓✓✓ 1-4, BL OL AL ELL Map Overlay Transparencies, Strategies, and Activities 1-1 1-2 1-5 BL OL AL ELL National Geographic World Desk Map ✓ ✓✓✓✓ BL OL AL ELL Writer’s Guidebook for Social Studies ✓ ✓✓✓✓ OL AL World History Primary Source Documents Library ✓ ✓✓✓✓ National Geographic World Regions Video Program ✓ ✓✓✓✓ BookLink for Social Studies ✓ ✓✓✓✓ StudentWorks™ Plus ✓ ✓✓✓✓ BL OL AL ELL Section Spotlight Video Program ✓✓✓ BL OL AL ELL World Music: A Cultural Legacy ✓ ✓✓✓✓ BL OL AL ELL High School Writing Process Transparencies ✓ ✓✓✓✓ ✓ Chapter- or unit-based activities applicable to all sections in this chapter. *Also available in Spanish 48A 048A-048D_CH03_CPG_895263.indd 48A 1/27/10 12:44:39 PM Plus • Interactive Lesson Planner • Printable reports of daily • Interactive Teacher Edition assignments All-In-One Planner and Resource Center • Fully editable blackline masters • Standards Tracking System • Section Spotlight Videos Launch • Differentiated Lesson Plans Levels Chapter Section Section Section Chapter BL OL AL ELL Resources Opener 1 2 3 Assess TEACH (continued) High School Character Education ✓ ✓✓✓✓ Inclusion for the High School Social Studies ✓ ✓✓✓✓ Classroom Strategies and Activities High School Reading in the Content Area Strategies ✓ ✓✓✓✓ and Activities Success with English Learners ✓ ✓✓✓✓ Differentiated Instruction for the Geography ✓ ✓✓✓✓ Teacher Classroom Resources Literacy Strategies in Social Studies ✓ ✓✓✓✓ Standards-Based Instruction ✓ ✓✓✓✓ Presentation Plus! with MindJogger CheckPoint ✓ ✓✓✓✓ TeacherWorks™ Plus ✓ ✓✓✓✓ National Geographic Focus on Geography Literacy ✓ ✓✓✓✓ Teacher Guide ASSESS BL OL AL ELL Section Quizzes and Chapter Tests p. 25 p. 26 p. 27 p. 29 BL OL AL ELL Authentic Assessment With Rubrics p. 33 BL OL AL ELL ExamView Assessment Suite 3-1 3-2 3-3 Ch. 3 CLOSE BL ELL Reteaching Activity, URB p. 37 BL OL ELL Dinah Zike’s Reading and Study Guide Foldables p. 45 Graphic Organizer Transparencies, Strategies, and pp. 21–22 Activities ✓ Chapter- or unit-based activities applicable to all sections in this chapter. *Also available in Spanish 48B 048A-048D_CH03_CPG_895263.indd 48B 1/27/10 12:44:47 PM Chapter Integrating Technology Using a Widget Teach With Technology What is a widget? The McGraw-Hill widget is a program for any computer with Internet access that acts as a one-stop launching pad for both software- and online-based programs. How can the widget help my students and me? The widget is a convenient way for you and your students to access McGraw-Hill’s technology tools, both software-based and online. Some features of the widget include: • customizable links to frequently used Glencoe Web pages • recognition of, and compatibility with, Glencoe DVD and CD-ROM programs • QuickPass entry for fast access to chapter content and activities Visit glencoe.com to download the free student and teacher versions for the McGraw-Hill widget. Geography ONLINE You can easily launch a wide range of digital products glencoe.com Visit and enter code from your computer’s desktop with the McGraw-Hill WGC2630C3T for Chapter 3 resources. widget. Student Teacher Parent World Geography and Cultures Online Learning Center (Web Site) • Section Audio ●●● • Spanish Chapter Audio Summaries ●●● • Section Spotlight Videos ●●● • StudentWorks™ Plus Online ●●● • Multilingual Glossary ●●● • Study-to-Go ●●● • Chapter Overviews ●●● • Self-Check Quizzes ●●● • Student Web Activities ●●● • ePuzzles and Games ●●● • Vocabulary eFlashcards ●●● • In-Motion Animations ●●● • Study Central™ ●●● • Nations of the World Atlas ●●● • Glencoe Graphing Tool ●●● • btw — Current Events Web Site ●●● • Web Activity Lesson Plans ● • Vocabulary PuzzleMaker ● • Beyond the Textbook ●●● 48C 048A-048D_CH03_CPG_895263.indd 48C 1/27/10 12:44:52 PM Additional Resources • Timed Readings Plus in Social Studies helps The following videotape program is available from students increase their reading rate and fluency while Glencoe as a supplement to Chapter 3: maintaining comprehension. The 400-word passages are similar to those found on state and national • Valley Forge (ISBN 0-76-704671-4) assessments. To order, call Glencoe at 1-800-334-7344. To find class- • Reading in the Content Area: Social Studies room resources to accompany many of these videos, concentrates on six essential reading skills that help check the following pages: students better comprehend what they read. The book A&E Television: www.aetv.com includes 75 high-interest nonfiction passages written The History Channel: www.historychannel.com at increasing levels of difficulty. • Reading Social Studies includes strategic reading instruction and vocabulary support in Social Studies content for both ELLs and native speakers of English. • Content Vocabulary Workout (Grades 6-8) acceler- ates reading comprehension through focused vocabu- lary development. Social Studies content vocabulary comes from the glossaries of Glencoe’s Middle School Social Studies texts. www.jamestowneducation.com Reading List Generator CD-ROM Use this database to search more than 30,000 titles to create a customized reading list for your students. • Reading lists can be organized by students’ reading Index to National Geographic Magazine: level, author, genre, theme, or area of interest. The following articles relate to this chapter: • The database provides Degrees of Reading Power™ (DRP) and Lexile™ readability scores for all selections. • “Great Green North,” by Tim Appenzeller, May 2005. • A brief summary of each selection is included. “Nary a Drop to Spare,” by Chris Carroll, July 2005. • Leveled reading suggestions for this chapter: • “In Hot Water,” by Chris Carroll, August 2005. For students at a Grade 7 reading level: • “The Sun: Our Stormy Star,” by Fran Downey, April 2005. • Exploring Arctic Ice, by Jane Ellen Stevens • “Eclipsed,” by Margaret G. Zackowitz, July 2004. For students at a Grade 8 reading level: National Geographic Society Products To order the • A Reef Comes to Life: Creating an Undersea Exhibit, following, call National Geographic at 1-800-368-2728: by Carolyn Meyer • National Geographic Atlas of the World (Book). For students at a Grade 9 reading level: Access National Geographic’s new dynamic MapMachine • Global Warming, by Jenny Tesar Web site and other geography resources at: For students at a Grade 10 reading level: www.nationalgeographic.com • The World of Whales: The Complete Illustrated Guide, www.nationalgeographic.com/maps by Stanley M. Minasian, et al. 48D 048A-048D_CH03_CPG_895263.indd 48D 1/27/10 12:44:59 PM CHAPTER INTRODUCTION CHAPTER Focus More About Geographers study how people, Climates of places, and environments are the Photo distributed on Earth’s surface. Climate affects where and how Visual Literacy Glaciers form in people live. An understanding of the Earth regions of high snowfall in winter Earth’s climates and the factors that influence them adds to a more and cool temperatures in summer. complete view of life on Earth. This ensures that the accumulating snow does not melt. As the snow builds up over time, it turns to ice. Then, under the pressure of its Essential Questions own weight, it flows outward and Section 1: Earth-Sun downward, sometimes carrying Relationships rocks, silt, and other debris along How does Earth’s position in rela- with it. Huge chunks of ice that tion to the sun affect life on Earth? break off of glaciers where they Section 2: Factors meet the sea become icebergs. Affecting Climate What factors can affect how climates are distributed on Earth’s surface? Teach Section 3: World Climate Patterns As you begin teaching How do geographers classify this chapter, read the Big Idea out Earth’s climate and vegetation? loud to students. Explain that the Big Idea is a broad, or high-level, concept that will help them under- stand what they are about to learn. Use the Essential Question for each section to help students focus on the Big Idea. Geography ONLINE Visit glencoe.com and enter code WGC9952C3 for Chapter 3 resources. Monaco Glacier, Svalbard, Norway, is a popular hunting ground for polar bears. 48 Unit 1 048-053_C03_S1_879995.indd 48 1/22/10 11:11:09 AM 048-053_C03_S1_879995.indd 49 1/22/10 11:11:35 AM Section 1 Section 2 Earth-Sun Relationships Factors Affecting Climate Essential Question How does Earth’s posi- Essential Question What factors can affect tion in relation to the sun affect climate? how climates are distributed on Earth’s sur- (Energy from the sun warms the Earth. Different face? (Distribution of climates on Earth’s surface areas on Earth have different climates based on can be influenced by latitude, elevation, land- when and how much of the sun’s energy reaches forms, winds, and proximity to oceans.) Point them.) Point out that in Section 1, students will out that in Section 2, students will learn about learn about the relationship between the sun these factors that affect climates. OL and Earth’s climates. OL 48 048-065_CH03_895263.indd 48 1/27/10 12:39:57 PM CHAPTER INTRODUCTION Identifying Make a Vocabulary Book to help you organize and learn Dinah Zike’s the content vocabulary terms intro- duced as you read about the climates Foldables of the Earth. You may need to make Purpose This Foldable helps more than one Vocabulary Book. students organize the content vocabulary. Encourage students to make the folding tabs as large as necessary. If students include illustrations, the tabs and area beneath the tabs may need to be larger.