Abd Allah Glossary of Servant. As in Abdullah, servant of al-Fatihah The Islamic name for God in the Arabic Allah. The Opener. Surah 1 of the Qur’an . language. Used in preference to the Recited at least 17 times daily during word God, this Arabic term is singular, Terms: Islam Abu Bakr the five times of salah. Also known as has no plural, nor is it associated with The first Khalifah, successor to the ‘The Essence’ of the Qur’an. masculine, feminine or neuter leadership of the Muslim community characteristics. This glossary of terms is after the death of the Prophet al-hamdu-li-Llah closely based upon the Muhammad (peace and blessings of All praise belongs to Allah. Frequently Allahu Akbar SCAA Glossary of Terms for Allah be upon him). used as an expression of thanks to Allah is most great. Allah. Religious Education Adam Angels (originally published Adam (peace be upon him). The first al-Kafi Beings created by Allah from light. They man, and first Prophet of Allah. The title of the books of Hadith have no free will and are completely in1994) which was drawn compiled by Muhammad (peace and obedient to Allah. up in consultation with Adhan blessings of Allah be upon him) ibn- members of the faith Call to prayer. From the same root, Yaqub Koleini, a Shi’ah scholar. Ansar Mu’adhin (one who makes the call to Supporters. The Muslims of al-Madinah, communities concerned. prayer). al-Khulafa-ur-Rashidun who welcomed, helped and supported The Rightly Guided Khalifahs. The first the Muslims who migrated from Aishah four successors to the leadership role of Makkah. Islam Glossary One of the wives of the Prophet the Prophet Muhammad (peace and Arafat Muhammad (peace and blessings of blessings of Allah be upon him). They A plain, a few kilometres from Makkah, Allah be upon him), and daughter of were Abu Bakr, Umar, Uthman and Ali where pilgrims gather to worship, pray The Qur’an was revealed in Arabic. Abu Bakr. (Radhi-Allahu-anhum – may (Radhi-Allahu-anhum – may Allah be and ask for forgiveness. This takes place Therefore Arabic is the language of Allah be pleased with them). pleased with them). on the ninth day of the Islamic month of Islam, Islamic worship, theology, ethics Dhul-Hijjah, the day before Id-ul-Adha. and jurisprudence. Islam is inextricably Akhirah al-Madinah linked with the Arabic language despite Everlasting life after death – the Madinatu’n-Nabi (The City of the Asr (Salat-ul-Asr) the variety of languages spoken by the hereafter. Prophet). The name given to Yathrib Mid-afternoon salah which may be believers. after the Prophet Muhammad (peace performed from late afternoon until a Akhlaq and blessings of Allah be upon him) short while before sunset. For British teachers and pupils who have Conduct, character, attitudes and migrated there in 622 CE and founded not encountered Islamic terms, this ethics. the first Islamic state. As-Salamu-Alaykum transliteration is a simplified version of Peace be upon you. An Islamic greeting. that used by contemporary scholars. An al-Amin Ali apostrophe is used to indicate a pause. The Trustworthy. The name by which Cousin and son-in-law of the Prophet Ayah (sing.) The reader will note that the words Prophet Muhammad (peace and Muhammad (peace and blessings of A unit within a Surah of the Qur’an. salah and zakah end in ‘h’ when they blessings of Allah be upon him) was Allah be upon him); husband of Fatimah appear alone. When part of a phrase, generally known, even before the Zahrah; father of Hassan, Hussein, and Barakah these words are written with a ‘t’ at revelation of Islam. Zainab; the fourth of ‘al-Khulafa-ur- Blessings. the end, for example, Salat-ul-Zuhr, Rashidun’ according to Sunnis, and the Zakat-ul-Fitr, as a guide to al-Aqsa first successor accepted by Shi’ah Islam Bilal pronunciation. Masjid-ul-Aqsa (The Farthest Mosque) in (Radhi-Allahu-anhum – may Allah be The first Mu’adhin of Islam (see Jerusalem. Located near the Dome of pleased with them). Adhan), a companion of Prophet the Rock. Muhammad (peace and blessings of 1 Allah be upon him), formerly an Din-ul-Fitrah recounted by his household, progeny Hijrah Abyssinian slave (Radhi-Allahu-anhu – A description of Islam as the natural and companions. These are a major Departure; exit; emigration. The may Allah be pleased with him). way of life. source of Islamic law. Some Hadith are emigration of the Prophet Muhammad referred to as Hadith Qudsi (sacred (peace and blessings of Allah be upon Bismillah Du’a Hadith) having been divinely him) from Makkah to Madinah in 622 In the name of Allah. Varying forms of personal prayer and communicated to the Prophet CE. The Islamic calendar commences supplication. Muhammad (peace and blessings of from this event. Bismillah-ir-Rahman ir-Rahim Allah be upon him). In the name of Allah – All Gracious, All Fajr (Salat-ul-Fajr) Hira Merciful. The preface to all Surahs of Dawn salah which may be performed Hafiz The name of a place near Makkah, the Qur’an except the ninth one. It is from dawn until just before sunrise. Someone who knows the whole Qur’an where the Prophet Muhammad (peace usually said by Muslims before eating or by heart. and blessings of Allah be upon him) beginning any action. Fard went for solitude and worship. It was Obligatory duty according to divine law, Hajar there that he received the first Dar-ul-Islam for example, offering salah five times a Hagar. Wife of the Prophet Ibrahim, revelation of the Qur’an. House or abode of Islam. Sometimes day. and mother of the Prophet Isma’il used to refer to lands ruled by Islamic (peace be upon them). Ibadah Shari’ah. Fatihah All acts of worship. Any permissible See al-Fatihah. Hajj action performed with the intention to Da’wah Annual pilgrimage to Makkah, which obey Allah. Call. Inviting people to Islam, whether Fatimah (al-Zahrah) each Muslim must undertake at least by literal invitation and preaching, or by Daughter of the Prophet Muhammad once in a lifetime if he or she has the Iblis the example of good actions. (peace and blessings of Allah be upon health and wealth. A Muslim male who The Jinn who defied Allah by refusing to him); wife of Ali; mother of Hassan, has completed Hajj is called Hajji, and bow to Adam (peace be upon him), and Dawud Hussein and Zainab (Radhi-Allahu- a female, Hajjah. later became the tempter of all human David (peace be upon him). A Prophet anhum – may Allah be pleased with beings (see Shaytan). of Allah to whom the Zabur (the Book them). Halal of Psalms) was given. Any action or thing which is permitted Ibrahim Fatwa or lawful. Abraham (peace be upon him). Dhikr The legal guidance of a pious, just, A Prophet of Allah to whom the ‘scrolls’ Remembrance. Remembrance of Allah knowledgeable Muslim scholar and Haram were given. in one’s heart or by reciting His names jurist, based on the Qur’an, Sunnah Anything unlawful or not permitted. or sections from the Qur’an. and Islamic Shari’ah. Id Haram Sharif Recurring happiness. A religious Dhimmi Fiqh The grand mosque in Makkah, which holiday; a feast for thanking Allah and A non-Muslim living freely under the Understanding. Islamic jurisprudence. encompasses the Ka’bah, the hills of celebrating a happy occasion. protection of an Islamic state. Safa and Marwah and the well of Ghusl Zamzam. Id Mubarak Dhul-Hijjah Greater ablution. Formal washing of the Id blessings! Greeting exchanged during The month of the Hajj, last month of whole body prior to worship (see Hijab Islamic celebrations. the Islamic year. Wudu). Veil. Often used to describe the head scarf or modest dress worn by women, Id-ul-Adha Din Hadith who are required to cover everything Celebration of the sacrifice, Way of life, religion together with its Saying; report; account. The sayings of except face and hands in the sight of commemorating the Prophet Ibrahim’s practices. the Prophet Muhammad (peace and anyone other than immediate family. willingness to sacrifice his son Isma’il blessings of Allah be upon him), as for Allah (peace be upon them). Also 2 known as Id-ul-Kabir – the Greater Id – Mahdi, al-Muntazar and Qurban Bayram (Turkish) - feast of Injil Ka’bah The (rightly) guided one who is awaited sacrifice. Gospel. A book given to Prophet Isa A cube-shaped structure in the centre and will appear towards the end of time (peace be upon him). of the grand mosque in Makkah. The to lead the Ummah and restore justice Id-ul-Fitr first house built for the worship of the on Earth. The one who is promised in Celebration of breaking the fast on the Iqamah One True God. the Judaic, Christian and Islamic day after Ramadan ends, which is also Call to stand up for salah. traditions. the first day of Shawal, the tenth Khadijah Islamic month. Also known as Id-ul- Isa First wife of the Prophet Muhammad Makkah Saghir - the Lesser Id – and Sheker Jesus. A Prophet of Allah, born of the (peace and blessings of Allah be upon City where the Prophet Muhammad Bayram (Turkish) – sugar feast. virgin Mary (peace be upon them). him). Mother of Fatimah Zahrah (Radhi- (peace and blessings of Allah be upon Allahu-anhum – may Allah be pleased him) was born, and where the Ka’bah is Ihram Isha (Salat-ul-Isha) with them). located. The state or condition entered into to Evening salah which may be performed perform either Hajj or Umrah.