Sex, Space and Environmental Adaptation: A National Workshop on Research Priorities on Sex Differences in Human Responses to Challenging Environments Sponsored by National Aeronautics and Space Administration and the National Center for Gender Physiology and Environmental Adaptation, University of Missouri November 12-14, 2002 University of Missouri Columbia, MO QuickTime™ and a Photo - JPEG decompressor are needed to see this picture. TABLE OF CONTENTS Page Planning Committee 3 Workshop Participants 3-6 Preface 7-8 Acknowledgments 9 Executive Summary 10-13 Introduction 10 Scope of the Workshop 11 Summary Recommendations 12 Resources and Infrastructure Needed 13 Working Group Reports Working Group I Report: Musculoskeletal Physiology 14-19 Working Group II Report: Cardiovascular Alterations 20-24 Working Group III Report: Immune Function 25-28 Working Group IV Report: Neurovestibular/Neuroscience 29-30 Working Group V Report: Reproductive Biology 31-35 Working Group VI Report: Human Performance 36-42 and Behavior Appendix Participant Contact Information 43-51 Reference List 51-54 2 Participants Planning Committee Meredith Hay, Ph.D., (co-chair), Director, National Center for Gender Physiology & Environmental Adaptation, University of Missouri-Columbia Saralyn Mark, M.D., (co-chair), Senior Medical Advisor, NASA & U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Office on Women’s Health Bette Siegel, Ph.D., (co-chair), Enterprise Scientist, NASA Headquarters Ellen Baker, M.D., M.P.H., Astronaut and Medical Officer, NASA Johnson Space Center Angela Bates, National Institutes of Health,Office on Research on Women’s Health, U.S., Department of Health and Human Services John B. Charles, Ph.D., Mission Scientist, STS-107, NASA Johnson Space Center Susan Curley, Ph.D., OBPR Congressional Liaison, NASA Headquarters Deborah Harm, Ph.D., Senior Scientist, NASA Johnson Space Center Guy Fogleman, Ph.D., Acting Director Bioastronautics Research Division, NASA Headquarters Charles Macri, M.D., Director, Division of Reproductive and Medical Genetics, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences Sherry A. Marts, Ph.D., Scientific Director, Society for Women’s Health Research, Washington, DC Margaret Miller, Ph.D., Manager of Science Programs, Office of Women’s Health, Food and Drug Administration, Rockville, MD Louis Ostrach, Ph.D., Division of Fundamental Space Biology, NASA Headquarters Marc Shepanek, Ph.D., Deputy Chief, Medicine of Extreme Environments, Office of the Chief Health and Medical Officer, NASA Headquarters David L. Tomko, Ph.D., Enterprise Scientist, NASA Headquarters Carol Van Hartesveldt, Ph.D., Associate Dean of Research, Florida State University College of Medicine, Tallahassee, FL (formerly representing National Science Foundation) Susan Wood, Ph.D., Director, Office of Women’s Health, Food and Drug Administration, Rockville, MD Special Consultant to the University of Missouri Joan Vernikos, Ph.D. Workshop Participants Group I Bone Loss/Skeletal Muscle Atrophy Saralyn Mark, M.D., (Steering Committee Contact), Senior Medical Advisor, NASA & U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Office on Women’s Health Jay R. Shapiro, Ph.D., (co-chair), Director, Interdepartmental Center for Space Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD Sherry Sherman, Ph.D., (co-chair), Director, Clinical Endocrinology and Osteoporosis Research, National Institute on Aging, Bethesda, MD Susan Bloomfield, Ph.D., FACSM, Associate Professor, Dept. of Health & Kinesiology Texas A&M University, College Station, TX. Marybeth Brown, Ph.D., Associate Professor of Physical Therapy, University of Missouri- Columbia, Mary Anne Frey, Ph.D., Professor, Community Health, Wright State University School of Medicine, Dayton, OH Lynn Gerber, M.D., Chief, Rehabilitation Medicine Department, Warren G. Magnuson Clinical Center National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD Helen W. Lane, Ph.D., R.D., Chief Nutritionist, NASA Johnson Space Center 3 Adrian Leblanc, Ph.D., Director, Division of Life Sciences, Universities Space Research Association, Houston, TX Keith Wear, Ph.D., Research Physicist, Food and Drug Administration, Rockville, MD Group II Cardiovascular Alterations John B. Charles, Ph.D., (Steering Committee Contact), Mission Scientist, STS-107, NASA Johnson Space Center Paula Johnson, MD, (co-chair), Executive Director, Connor's Center for Women's Health and Gender Biology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA Janice Meck, Ph.D., (co-chair), Director, Cardiovascular Laboratories, NASA Johnson Space Center Dominick D’Aunno, Ph.D., Assistant Professor, Baylor College of Medicine, National Space Biomedical Research Institute, Houston, TX Eileen Hasser, Ph.D., Professor, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Missouri-Columbia Virginia H. Huxley, Ph.D., Professor, Department of Physiology, University of Missouri-Columbia Jane Reckelhoff, Ph.D., Professor, Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Univ. of Mississippi School of Medicine, Jackson, MS Leona Rubin, Ph.D., Associate Professor, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Missouri- Columbia Richard Summers, M.D., Associate Professor of Emergency Medicine, University of Mississippi, Jackson, MS Mike Ziegler, Ph.D., Professor of Medicine, Director, General Clinical Research Center, University of California-San Diego Group III Immune Function Bette Siegel, Ph.D., (Steering Committee Contact), Enterprise Scientist, NASA Headquarters Denise Faustman, M.D. Ph.D., (co-chair), Associate Professor of Medicine Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA Gerald Sonnenfeld, Ph.D., (co-chair), Department of Microbiology, Biochemistry & Immunology, Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA Margaret Conner, M.D., Department of Molecular Virology and Microbiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX Craig Franklin, Ph.D., Department of Pathobiology, University of Missouri-Columbia Michael Lockshin, M.D., Director of the Barbara Volker Center for Women, Professor of Medicine, New York, NY Caroline Whitacre, Ph.D., Department of Immunology and Medical Genetics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH Group IV Neurovestibular/Neuroscience Meredith Hay, Ph.D., (Steering Committee Contact), Director, National Center for Gender Physiology & Environmental Adaptation, University of Missouri-Columbia F. Owen Black, M.D., (co-chair), Director, Neurotology Research, Legacy Holladay Park Medical Center, Portland, OR Daniel Sklare, Ph.D., (co-chair), Program Administrator, Hearing and Balance Vestibular Sciences Branch, Division of Human Communication, National Institute of Health/ National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders 4 Susan Herdman, Ph.D., P.T., FAPTA, Emory University School of Medicine Dizziness and Balance Center, Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Atlanta, GA Sheri Jones, Ph.D. Associate Professor, Department of Surgery, University of Missouri-Columbia Tim Jones, Ph.D. Professor, Dept. of Physiology, University of Missouri-Columbia Kathleen S. Matt, Ph.D., Associate Director, Arizona Biomedical Institute, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ Carol Van Hartesveldt, Ph.D., Associate Dean of Research, College of Medicine Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL Group V Reproductive Biology Sherry A. Marts, Ph.D., (Steering Committee Contact), Scientific Director, Society for Women’s Health Research, Washington, DC Florence Haseltine, M.D., Ph.D., (co-chair), Director, Center for Population Research, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Rockville, MD Richard Jennings, M.D., (co-chair), Director, Aviation Medicine Center University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX Jean Fourcroy, MD, Ph.D., MPH, Assistant Professor, Uniformed Services University Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD William Gibbons, M.D., Director, The Jones Institute for Reproductive Medicine Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, VA John Rock, M.D., Chancellor of the LSU Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA Joseph Tash, Director, Cell Imaging Core of the Center for Reproductive Sciences, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS Michelle P. Warren M.D., Director, Center for Menopause, Hormonal Disorders, and Women’s Health, New York, NY. Elizabeth Whelan, Ph.D., National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Cincinnati, OH Steve Young, M.D., Associate Professor, Dept. of Ob/Gyn., University of Missouri-Columbia Group VI Human Behavior/ Performance Marc Shepanek, Ph.D., (Steering Committee Contact), Deputy Chief, Medicine of Extreme Environments, Office of the Chief Health and Medical Officer, NASA Headquarters Virginia Cain, Ph.D., (co-chair), Deputy Director, Office of Behavioral and Social Sciences Research, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, MD Edna Fiedler, Ph.D., (co-chair), Manager AAM-520, Selection, Training and Organizational Assessment Branch, Civil Aerospace Medical Institute, Federal Aviation Administration, Norman, OK Ellen Baker, M.D., Ph.D., Astronaut and Medical Officer, NASA Johnson Space Center Gloria Leon, Ph.D., Professor of Psychology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN Des Lugg, MD, Chief of Medicine of Extreme Environments, NASA Headquarters Carol Otis, MD, Physician, Director, Women’s Sports Medicine, Kerlan Jobe Orthopaedic Clinic, Los Angeles, CA. Larry Palinkas, M.D., Professor, Department of Family and Preventative Medicine, University of CA at San Diego Naomi Rogers, Ph.D., Unit for Experimental Psychiatry,